40S ribosomal protein S12 explained

40S ribosomal protein S12 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RPS12 gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

Ribosomes, the organelles that catalyze protein synthesis, consist of a small 40S subunit and a large 60S subunit. Together these subunits are composed of 4 RNA species and approximately 80 structurally distinct proteins. This gene encodes a ribosomal protein that is a component of the 40S subunit. The protein belongs to the S12E family of ribosomal proteins. It is located in the cytoplasm. Increased expression of this gene in colorectal cancers compared to matched normal colonic mucosa has been observed. As is typical for genes encoding ribosomal proteins, there are multiple processed pseudogenes of this gene dispersed through the genome.^[3]

Further reading

• Wool IG, Chan YL, Glück A . Structure and evolution of mammalian ribosomal proteins. . Biochem. Cell Biol. . 73 . 11–12 . 933–47 . 1996 . 8722009 . 10.1139/o95-101 .
• Pogue-Geile K, Geiser JR, Shu M, etal . Ribosomal protein genes are overexpressed in colorectal cancer: isolation of a cDNA clone encoding the human S3 ribosomal protein . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 11 . 8 . 3842–9 . 1991 . 1712897 . 10.1128/mcb.11.8.3842. 361167 .
• Vladimirov SN, Ivanov AV, Karpova GG, etal . Characterization of the human small-ribosomal-subunit proteins by N-terminal and internal sequencing, and mass spectrometry . Eur. J. Biochem. . 239 . 1 . 144–9 . 1996 . 8706699 . 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1996.0144u.x . free .
• Andersen JS, Lyon CE, Fox AH, etal . Directed proteomic analysis of the human nucleolus . Curr. Biol. . 12 . 1 . 1–11 . 2002 . 11790298 . 10.1016/S0960-9822(01)00650-9 . 14132033 . free . 2002CBio...12....1A .
• Cheng Q, Lau WM, Chew SH, etal . Identification of molecular markers for the early detection of human squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix . Br. J. Cancer . 86 . 2 . 274–81 . 2002 . 11870519 . 10.1038/sj.bjc.6600038 . 2375172 .
• Yoshihama M, Uechi T, Asakawa S, etal . The human ribosomal protein genes: sequencing and comparative analysis of 73 genes . Genome Res. . 12 . 3 . 379–90 . 2002 . 11875025 . 10.1101/gr.214202 . 155282 .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Andersen JS, Lam YW, Leung AK, etal . Nucleolar proteome dynamics . Nature . 433 . 7021 . 77–83 . 2005 . 15635413 . 10.1038/nature03207 . 2005Natur.433...77A . 4344740 .
• Yu Y, Ji H, Doudna JA, Leary JA . Mass spectrometric analysis of the human 40S ribosomal subunit: native and HCV IRES-bound complexes . Protein Sci. . 14 . 6 . 1438–46 . 2005 . 15883184 . 10.1110/ps.041293005 . 2253395 .

Notes and References

1. Herault Y, Michel D, Chatelain G, Brun G . cDNA and predicted amino acid sequences of the human ribosomal protein genes rpS12 and rpL17 . Nucleic Acids Res . 19 . 14 . 4001 . Aug 1991 . 1861993 . 328500 . 10.1093/nar/19.14.4001 .
2. Kenmochi N, Kawaguchi T, Rozen S, Davis E, Goodman N, Hudson TJ, Tanaka T, Page DC . A map of 75 human ribosomal protein genes . Genome Res . 8 . 5 . 509–23 . Aug 1998 . 9582194 . 10.1101/gr.8.5.509. free .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: RPS12 ribosomal protein S12.