60S ribosomal protein L5 explained

60S ribosomal protein L5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RPL5 gene.^{[1] [2]}

Function

Ribosomes, the organelles that catalyze protein synthesis, consist of a small 40S subunit and a large 60S subunit. Together these subunits are composed of 4 RNA species and approximately 80 structurally distinct proteins. This gene encodes a ribosomal protein that is a component of the 60S subunit. The protein belongs to the L18P family of ribosomal proteins. It is located in the cytoplasm. The protein binds 5S rRNA to form a stable complex called the 5S ribonucleoprotein particle (RNP), which is necessary for the transport of nonribosome-associated cytoplasmic 5S rRNA to the nucleolus for assembly into ribosomes. The protein interacts specifically with the beta subunit of casein kinase 2.

Clinical significance

Variable expression of this gene in colorectal cancers compared to adjacent normal tissues has been observed, although no correlation between the level of expression and the severity of the disease has been found. This gene is co-transcribed with the small nucleolar RNA gene U21, which is located in its fifth intron. As is typical for genes encoding ribosomal proteins, there are multiple processed pseudogenes of this gene dispersed through the genome.^[3]

Interactions

Ribosomal protein L5 has been shown to interact with:

• CSNK2B,^{[4] [5] [6] [7]}
• EIF5A,^[8]
• Mdm2,^{[9] [10] [11]} and
• PDCD4.^[12]

Further reading

• Wool IG, Chan YL, Glück A . Structure and evolution of mammalian ribosomal proteins. . Biochem. Cell Biol. . 73 . 11–12 . 933–47 . 1996 . 8722009 . 10.1139/o95-101 .
• . Ribosomal protein genes are overexpressed in colorectal cancer: isolation of a cDNA clone encoding the human S3 ribosomal protein. . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 11 . 8 . 3842–9 . 1991 . 1712897 . 361167 . 10.1128/MCB.11.8.3842.
• Steitz JA, Berg C, Hendrick JP, La Branche-Chabot H, Metspalu A, Rinke J, Yario T . A 5S rRNA/L5 complex is a precursor to ribosome assembly in mammalian cells. . J. Cell Biol. . 106 . 3 . 545–56 . 1988 . 3279045 . 2115095 . 10.1083/jcb.106.3.545 .
• Hirano K, Ito M, Hartshorne DJ . Interaction of the ribosomal protein, L5, with protein phosphatase type 1. . J. Biol. Chem. . 270 . 34 . 19786–90 . 1995 . 7649987 . 10.1074/jbc.270.34.19786 . free .
• Marechal V, Elenbaas B, Piette J, Nicolas JC, Levine AJ . The ribosomal L5 protein is associated with mdm-2 and mdm-2-p53 complexes. . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 14 . 11 . 7414–20 . 1994 . 7935455 . 359276 . 10.1128/mcb.14.11.7414.
• Ogata K, Kurahashi A, Nishiyama C, Terao K . Presence of role of the 5SrRNA-L5 protein complex (5SRNP) in the threonyl- and histidyl-tRNA synthetase complex in rat liver cytosol. . Biochim. Biophys. Acta . 1218 . 3 . 388–400 . 1994 . 8049265 . 10.1016/0167-4781(94)90192-9 .
• Maruyama K, Sugano S . Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides. . Gene . 138 . 1–2 . 171–4 . 1994 . 8125298 . 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8 .
• Michael WM, Dreyfuss G . Distinct domains in ribosomal protein L5 mediate 5 S rRNA binding and nucleolar localization. . J. Biol. Chem. . 271 . 19 . 11571–4 . 1996 . 8626719 . 10.1074/jbc.271.19.11571 . free .
• Kim JM, Cha JY, Marshak DR, Bae YS . Interaction of the beta subunit of casein kinase II with the ribosomal protein L5. . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. . 226 . 1 . 180–6 . 1996 . 8806611 . 10.1006/bbrc.1996.1330 . free .
• Boldyreff B, Issinger OG . A-Raf kinase is a new interacting partner of protein kinase CK2 beta subunit. . FEBS Lett. . 403 . 2 . 197–9 . 1997 . 9042965 . 10.1016/S0014-5793(97)00010-0 . 84557809 .
• Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, Suyama A, Sugano S . Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library. . Gene . 200 . 1–2 . 149–56 . 1997 . 9373149 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3 .
• Schatz O, Oft M, Dascher C, Schebesta M, Rosorius O, Jaksche H, Dobrovnik M, Bevec D, Hauber J . Interaction of the HIV-1 rev cofactor eukaryotic initiation factor 5A with ribosomal protein L5. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 95 . 4 . 1607–12 . 1998 . 9465063 . 19115 . 10.1073/pnas.95.4.1607 . 1998PNAS...95.1607S . free .
• Kenmochi N, Kawaguchi T, Rozen S, Davis E, Goodman N, Hudson TJ, Tanaka T, Page DC . A map of 75 human ribosomal protein genes. . Genome Res. . 8 . 5 . 509–23 . 1998 . 9582194 . 10.1101/gr.8.5.509 . free .
• Jäkel S, Görlich D . Importin beta, transportin, RanBP5 and RanBP7 mediate nuclear import of ribosomal proteins in mammalian cells. . EMBO J. . 17 . 15 . 4491–502 . 1998 . 9687515 . 1170780 . 10.1093/emboj/17.15.4491 .
• Guerra B, Issinger OG . p53 and the ribosomal protein L5 participate in high molecular mass complex formation with protein kinase CK2 in murine teratocarcinoma cell line F9 after serum stimulation and cisplatin treatment. . FEBS Lett. . 434 . 1–2 . 115–20 . 1998 . 9738462 . 10.1016/S0014-5793(98)00962-4 . 7694535 .
• Park JW, Bae YS . Phosphorylation of ribosomal protein L5 by protein kinase CKII decreases its 5S rRNA binding activity. . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. . 263 . 2 . 475–81 . 1999 . 10491318 . 10.1006/bbrc.1999.1345 .
• Rosorius O, Fries B, Stauber RH, Hirschmann N, Bevec D, Hauber J . Human ribosomal protein L5 contains defined nuclear localization and export signals. . J. Biol. Chem. . 275 . 16 . 12061–8 . 2000 . 10766838 . 10.1074/jbc.275.16.12061 . free .

External links

• GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Diamond–Blackfan Anemia
• OMIM entries on Diamond–Blackfan Anemia

Notes and References

1. Qu LH, Nicoloso M, Michot B, Azum MC, Caizergues-Ferrer M, Renalier MH, Bachellerie JP . U21, a novel small nucleolar RNA with a 13 nt. complementarity to 28S rRNA, is encoded in an intron of ribosomal protein L5 gene in chicken and mammals . Nucleic Acids Res . 22 . 20 . 4073–81 . November 1994 . 7937132 . 331892 . 10.1093/nar/22.20.4073 .
2. Frigerio JM, Dagorn JC, Iovanna JL . Cloning, sequencing and expression of the L5, L21, L27a, L28, S5, S9, S10 and S29 human ribosomal protein mRNAs . Biochim Biophys Acta . 1262 . 1 . 64–8 . July 1995 . 7772601 . 10.1016/0167-4781(95)00045-i .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: RPL5 ribosomal protein L5.
4. Lehner B, Semple JI, Brown SE, Counsell D, Campbell RD, Sanderson CM . Analysis of a high-throughput yeast two-hybrid system and its use to predict the function of intracellular proteins encoded within the human MHC class III region . Genomics . 83 . 1 . 153–67 . January 2004 . 14667819 . 10.1016/s0888-7543(03)00235-0.
5. Boldyreff B, Issinger OG . A-Raf kinase is a new interacting partner of protein kinase CK2 beta subunit . FEBS Lett. . 403 . 2 . 197–9 . February 1997 . 9042965 . 10.1016/s0014-5793(97)00010-0. 84557809 .
6. Kim JM, Cha JY, Marshak DR, Bae YS . Interaction of the beta subunit of casein kinase II with the ribosomal protein L5 . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. . 226 . 1 . 180–6 . September 1996 . 8806611 . 10.1006/bbrc.1996.1330 . free .
7. Ahn BH, Kim TH, Bae YS . Mapping of the interaction domain of the protein kinase CKII beta subunit with target proteins . Mol. Cells . 12 . 2 . 158–63 . October 2001 . 10.1016/S1016-8478(23)17077-4 . 11710515 . free .
8. Schatz O, Oft M, Dascher C, Schebesta M, Rosorius O, Jaksche H, Dobrovnik M, Bevec D, Hauber J . Interaction of the HIV-1 rev cofactor eukaryotic initiation factor 5A with ribosomal protein L5 . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 95 . 4 . 1607–12 . February 1998 . 9465063 . 19115 . 10.1073/pnas.95.4.1607. 1998PNAS...95.1607S . free .
9. Zhang Y, Wolf GW, Bhat K, Jin A, Allio T, Burkhart WA, Xiong Y . Ribosomal protein L11 negatively regulates oncoprotein MDM2 and mediates a p53-dependent ribosomal-stress checkpoint pathway . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 23 . 23 . 8902–12 . Dec 2003 . 14612427 . 262682 . 10.1128/mcb.23.23.8902-8912.2003.
10. Marechal V, Elenbaas B, Piette J, Nicolas JC, Levine AJ . The ribosomal L5 protein is associated with mdm-2 and mdm-2-p53 complexes . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 14 . 11 . 7414–20 . November 1994 . 7935455 . 359276 . 10.1128/mcb.14.11.7414.
11. Dai MS, Sun XX, Lu H . Aberrant expression of nucleostemin activates p53 and induces cell cycle arrest via inhibition of MDM2 . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 28 . 13 . 4365–76 . July 2008 . 18426907 . 2447154 . 10.1128/MCB.01662-07 .
12. Kang MJ, Ahn HS, Lee JY, Matsuhashi S, Park WY . Up-regulation of PDCD4 in senescent human diploid fibroblasts . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. . 293 . 1 . 617–21 . April 2002 . 12054647 . 10.1016/S0006-291X(02)00264-4 .