RP1 explained
Oxygen-regulated protein 1 also known as retinitis pigmentosa 1 protein (RP1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RP1 gene.[1]
Function
This gene encodes a member of the doublecortin family. The protein encoded by this gene contains two doublecortin domains that bind to microtubules and regulate microtubule polymerization. The encoded protein is a protein associated with the photoreceptor cell microtubules in the retina and is necessary for the correct stacking of outer segment disc. This protein and another retinal-specific protein, RP1L1, play essential and synergistic roles in affecting photosensitivity and outer segment morphogenesis of rod photoreceptor cells.[2]
History
Initially named "ORP1" for its response to in vivo retinal oxygen levels (designated ORP1 for 'oxygen-regulated protein-1'), this gene was subsequently linked to autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa and was renamed RP1 for 'retinitis pigmentosa 1'.
Clinical significance
Mutations in this gene cause autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa.[3] [4] [5] [6] [7] Transcript variants produced by alternative promoters and alternative splicing have been discovered that overlap with the current reference sequence and have multiple exons upstream and downstream of the current reference sequence. However, as of 2010, it is currently impossible to determine the biological effectiveness and full-length nature of certain variants.[2]
See also
Further reading
- Juwana JP . EB/RP gene family encodes tubulin binding proteins . Int. J. Cancer . 81 . 2 . 275–84 . 1999 . 10188731 . 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19990412)81:2<275::AID-IJC18>3.0.CO;2-Z . Henderikx P . Mischo A . Wadle . Andreas . Fadle . Natalie . Gerlach . Klaus . Arends . Jan Willem . Hoogenboom . Hennie . Pfreundschuh . Michael . 33232892 . free .
- Pierce EA . Mutations in a gene encoding a new oxygen-regulated photoreceptor protein cause dominant retinitis pigmentosa . Nat. Genet. . 22 . 3 . 248–54 . 1999 . 10391211 . 10.1038/10305 . Quinn T . Meehan T . McGee . Terri L. . Berson . Eliot L. . Dryja . Thaddeus P. . 26312606 .
- Sullivan LS . Mutations in a novel retina-specific gene cause autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa . Nat. Genet. . 22 . 3 . 255–9 . 1999 . 10391212 . 10.1038/10314 . 2582380 . Heckenlively JR . Bowne SJ . Zuo . Jian . Hide . Winston A. . Gal . Andreas . Denton . Michael . Inglehearn . Chris F. . Blanton . Susan H. .
- Guillonneau X . A nonsense mutation in a novel gene is associated with retinitis pigmentosa in a family linked to the RP1 locus . Hum. Mol. Genet. . 8 . 8 . 1541–6 . 1999 . 10401003 . 10.1093/hmg/8.8.1541 . Piriev NI . Danciger M . Kozak . CA . Cideciyan . AV . Jacobson . SG . Farber . DB . free .
- Liu Q . Identification and subcellular localization of the RP1 protein in human and mouse photoreceptors . Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. . 43 . 1 . 22–32 . 2002 . 11773008 . 1963488 . Zhou J . Daiger SP . Farber . DB . Heckenlively . JR . Smith . JE . Sullivan . LS . Zuo . J . Milam . AH .
- Andersen JS . Directed proteomic analysis of the human nucleolus . Curr. Biol. . 12 . 1 . 1–11 . 2002 . 11790298 . 10.1016/S0960-9822(01)00650-9 . Lyon CE . Fox AH . Leung . Anthony K.L. . Lam . Yun Wah . Steen . Hanno . Mann . Matthias . Lamond . Angus I. . 14132033 . free . 2002CBio...12....1A .
- Fujita Y . Hypertriglyceridemia associated with amino acid variation Asn985Tyr of the RP1 gene . J. Hum. Genet. . 48 . 6 . 305–8 . 2004 . 12764676 . 10.1007/s10038-003-0029-z . Ezura Y . Emi M . Ono . S . Takada . D . Takahashi . K . Uemura . K . Iino . Y . Katayama . Y . 25963579 .
- Schwartz SB . De novo mutation in the RP1 gene (Arg677ter) associated with retinitis pigmentosa . Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. . 44 . 8 . 3593–7 . 2003 . 12882812 . 10.1167/iovs.03-0155 . Aleman TS . Cideciyan AV . Swaroop . A . Jacobson . SG . Stone . EM .
- Ota T . Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs . Nat. Genet. . 36 . 1 . 40–5 . 2004 . 14702039 . 10.1038/ng1285 . Suzuki Y . Nishikawa T . Otsuki . Tetsuji . Sugiyama . Tomoyasu . Irie . Ryotaro . Wakamatsu . Ai . Hayashi . Koji . Sato . Hiroyuki . free .
- Kawamura M . Novel 2336-2337delCT mutation in RP1 gene in a Japanese family with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa . Am. J. Ophthalmol. . 137 . 6 . 1137–9 . 2004 . 15183808 . 10.1016/j.ajo.2003.12.037 . Wada Y . Noda Y . Itabashi . Toshitaka . Ogawa . Soh-Ichiro . Sato . Hajime . Tanaka . Kenji . Ishibashi . Tasturo . Tamai . Makoto .
- Khaliq S . Novel association of RP1 gene mutations with autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa . J. Med. Genet. . 42 . 5 . 436–8 . 2006 . 15863674 . 10.1136/jmg.2004.024281 . 1736063 . Abid A . Ismail M . Hameed . A . Mohyuddin . A . Lall . P . Aziz . A . Anwar . K . Mehdi . SQ .
- Riazuddin SA . Autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa is associated with mutations in RP1 in three consanguineous Pakistani families . Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. . 46 . 7 . 2264–70 . 2005 . 15980210 . 10.1167/iovs.04-1280 . Zulfiqar F . Zhang Q . Sergeev . YV . Qazi . ZA . Husnain . T . Caruso . R . Riazuddin . S . Sieving . PA . free .
- Roberts L, Bartmann L, Ramesar R, Greenberg J . Novel variants in the hotspot region of RP1 in South African patients with retinitis pigmentosa . Mol. Vis. . 12 . 177–83 . 2006 . 16568030 .
- Roni V, Carpio R, Wissinger B . Mapping of transcription start sites of human retina expressed genes . BMC Genomics . 8. 42 . 2007 . 17286855 . 10.1186/1471-2164-8-42 . 1802077 . free .
External links
Notes and References
- Blanton SH, Heckenlively JR, Cottingham AW, Friedman J, Sadler LA, Wagner M, Friedman LH, Daiger SP . Linkage mapping of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (RP1) to the pericentric region of human chromosome 8 . Genomics . 11 . 4 . 857–69 . Mar 1992 . 1783394 . 10.1016/0888-7543(91)90008-3 .
- Web site: RP1 axonemal microtubule associated . 2020-09-25 . 2021-01-17 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210117055825/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/6101 . live .
- Georgiou M, Grewal PS, Narayan A, Alser M, Ali N, Fujinami K, Webster AR, Michaelides M . Sector Retinitis Pigmentosa: Extending the Molecular Genetics Basis and Elucidating the Natural History . American Journal of Ophthalmology . August 2020 . 221 . 299–310 . 32795431 . 10.1016/j.ajo.2020.08.004. 7772805 . free .
- Ueno S, Koyanagi Y, Kominami T, Ito Y, Kawano K, Nishiguchi KM, Rivolta C, Nakazawa T, Sonoda KH, Terasaki H . Clinical characteristics and high resolution retinal imaging of retinitis pigmentosa caused by RP1 gene variants . Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology . 64 . 5 . 485–496 . September 2020 . 32627106 . 10.1007/s10384-020-00752-1 . 220351273 . 2022-06-11 . 2022-05-19 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220519142416/https://edoc.unibas.ch/79688/3/Clinical%20characteristics.pdf . live .
- Book: Daiger SP, Sullivan LS, Bowne SJ, Kennan A, Humphries P, Birch DG, Heckenlively JR . Retinal Degenerations . Identification of the RP1 and RP10 (IMPDH1) Genes Causing Autosomal Dominant RP . Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology . 533 . 1–11 . 2003 . 15180241 . 2583078 . 10.1007/978-1-4615-0067-4_1 . 978-1-4613-4909-9 .
- Book: Daiger SP, Shankar SP, Schindler AB, Sullivan LS, Bowne SJ, King TM, Daw EW, Stone EM, Heckenlively JR . Retinal Degenerative Diseases . Genetic factors modifying clinical expression of autosomal dominant RP . Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology . 572 . 3–8 . 2006 . 17249547 . 2581449 . 10.1007/0-387-32442-9_1 . 978-0-387-28464-4 .
- Wang DY, Chan WM, Tam PO, Baum L, Lam DS, Chong KK, Fan BJ, Pang CP . Gene mutations in retinitis pigmentosa and their clinical implications . Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry . 351 . 1–2 . 5–16 . January 2005 . 15563868 . 10.1016/j.cccn.2004.08.004 .