REG3G explained

Regenerating islet-derived protein 3 gamma (also Regenerating islet-derived protein III-gamma) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the REG3G gene.^{[1] [2] [3] [4]}

Intestinal paneth cells produce REG3G (or REG3 gamma) via stimulation of toll-like receptors (TLRs) by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). REG3 gamma specifically targets Gram-positive bacteria because it binds to their surface peptidoglycan layer. It is one of several antimicrobial peptides produced by paneth cells.^[5]

Bibliography

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• Laurine E, Manival X, Montgelard C, etal . PAP IB, a new member of the Reg gene family: cloning, expression, structural properties, and evolution by gene duplication. . Biochim. Biophys. Acta . 1727 . 3 . 177–87 . 2005 . 15777617 . 10.1016/j.bbaexp.2005.01.011 . 24552883 .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 .
• Zhang Z, Henzel WJ . Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites. . Protein Sci. . 13 . 10 . 2819–24 . 2005 . 15340161 . 10.1110/ps.04682504 . 2286551 .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Brandl K, Plitas G, Schnabl B, DeMatteo RP, Pamer EG . MyD88-mediated signals induce the bactericidal lectin RegIII gamma and protect mice against intestinal Listeria monocytogenes infection. . J. Exp. Med. . 204 . 8 . 900–1891 . 2007 . 17635956 . 10.1084/jem.20070563 . 2118673.

Notes and References

1. Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, Baker K, Baldwin D, Brush J, Chen J, Chow B, Chui C, Crowley C, Currell B, Deuel B, Dowd P, Eaton D, Foster J, Grimaldi C, Gu Q, Hass PE, Heldens S, Huang A, Kim HS, Klimowski L, Jin Y, Johnson S, Lee J, Lewis L, Liao D, Mark M, Robbie E, Sanchez C, Schoenfeld J, Seshagiri S, Simmons L, Singh J, Smith V, Stinson J, Vagts A, Vandlen R, Watanabe C, Wieand D, Woods K, Xie MH, Yansura D, Yi S, Yu G, Yuan J, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Goddard A, Wood WI, Godowski P, Gray A . The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment . Genome Res . 13 . 10 . 2265–70 . Oct 2003 . 12975309 . 403697 . 10.1101/gr.1293003 .
2. Nata K, Liu Y, Xu L, Ikeda T, Akiyama T, Noguchi N, Kawaguchi S, Yamauchi A, Takahashi I, Shervani NJ, Onogawa T, Takasawa S, Okamoto H . Molecular cloning, expression and chromosomal localization of a novel human REG family gene, REG III . Gene . 340 . 1 . 161–70 . September 2004 . 15556304 . 10.1016/j.gene.2004.06.010 .
3. Laurine E, Manival X, Montgelard C, Bideau C, Bergé-Lefranc JL, Erard M, Verdier JM . PAP IB, a new member of the Reg gene family: cloning, expression, structural properties, and evolution by gene duplication . Biochim. Biophys. Acta . 1727 . 3 . 177–87 . March 2005 . 15777617 . 10.1016/j.bbaexp.2005.01.011 . 24552883 .
4. Web site: Entrez Gene: REG3G regenerating islet-derived 3 gamma.
5. Abreu MT . Toll-like receptor signalling in the intestinal epithelium: how bacterial recognition shapes intestinal function . Nat. Rev. Immunol. . 10 . 2 . 131–44 . February 2010 . 20098461 . 10.1038/nri2707 . 21789611 .