RAPGEF2 explained

Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAPGEF2 gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

RAPGEF2 is a cyclic AMP binding protein.^{[4] [5]}

Function

Members of the RAS subfamily of GTPases function in signal transduction as GTP/GDP-regulated switches that cycle between inactive GDP- and active GTP-bound states. Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) such as RAPGEF2 serve as RAS activators by promoting acquisition of GTP to maintain the active GTP-bound state and are the key link between cell surface receptors and RAS activation.

Interactions

RAPGEF2 has been shown to interact with RAP1A and RALGDS.^[6]

Further reading

• Andersson B, Wentland MA, Ricafrente JY, etal . A "double adaptor" method for improved shotgun library construction. . Anal. Biochem. . 236 . 1 . 107–13 . 1996 . 8619474 . 10.1006/abio.1996.0138 .
• Yu W, Andersson B, Worley KC, etal . Large-scale concatenation cDNA sequencing . Genome Res. . 7 . 4 . 353–8 . 1997 . 9110174 . 10.1101/gr.7.4.353. 139146 .
• Ohtsuka T, Hata Y, Ide N, etal . nRap GEP: a novel neural GDP/GTP exchange protein for rap1 small G protein that interacts with synaptic scaffolding molecule (S-SCAM) . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. . 265 . 1 . 38–44 . 1999 . 10548487 . 10.1006/bbrc.1999.1619 .
• Liao Y, Kariya K, Hu CD, etal . RA-GEF, a novel Rap1A guanine nucleotide exchange factor containing a Ras/Rap1A-associating domain, is conserved between nematode and humans . J. Biol. Chem. . 274 . 53 . 37815–20 . 2000 . 10608844 . 10.1074/jbc.274.53.37815 . free .
• de Rooij J, Boenink NM, van Triest M, etal . PDZ-GEF1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor specific for Rap1 and Rap2 . J. Biol. Chem. . 274 . 53 . 38125–30 . 2000 . 10608883 . 10.1074/jbc.274.53.38125 . free .
• Chikumi H, Fukuhara S, Gutkind JS . Regulation of G protein-linked guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho, PDZ-RhoGEF, and LARG by tyrosine phosphorylation: evidence of a role for focal adhesion kinase . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 14 . 12463–73 . 2002 . 11799111 . 10.1074/jbc.M108504200 . free .
• Wistow G, Bernstein SL, Wyatt MK, etal . Expressed sequence tag analysis of adult human lens for the NEIBank Project: over 2000 non-redundant transcripts, novel genes and splice variants . Mol. Vis. . 8 . 171–84 . 2002 . 12107413 .
• Aurandt J, Vikis HG, Gutkind JS, etal . The semaphorin receptor plexin-B1 signals through a direct interaction with the Rho-specific nucleotide exchange factor, LARG . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 19 . 12085–90 . 2002 . 12196628 . 10.1073/pnas.142433199 . 129402 . 2002PNAS...9912085A . free .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, etal . Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes . Genome Res. . 16 . 1 . 55–65 . 2006 . 16344560 . 10.1101/gr.4039406 . 1356129 .
• Hisata S, Sakisaka T, Baba T, etal . Rap1-PDZ-GEF1 interacts with a neurotrophin receptor at late endosomes, leading to sustained activation of Rap1 and ERK and neurite outgrowth . J. Cell Biol. . 178 . 5 . 843–60 . 2007 . 17724123 . 10.1083/jcb.200610073 . 2064548 .

Notes and References

1. Nagase T, Ishikawa K, Nakajima D, Ohira M, Seki N, Miyajima N, Tanaka A, Kotani H, Nomura N, Ohara O . Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. VII. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which can code for large proteins in vitro . DNA Res . 4 . 2 . 141–50 . September 1997 . 9205841 . 10.1093/dnares/4.2.141 . free .
2. Rebhun JF, Castro AF, Quilliam LA . Identification of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for the Rap1 GTPase. Regulation of MR-GEF by M-Ras-GTP interaction . J Biol Chem . 275 . 45 . 34901–8 . November 2000 . 10934204 . 10.1074/jbc.M005327200 . free .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: RAPGEF2 Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2.
4. Pham N, Cheglakov I, Koch CA, de Hoog CL, Moran MF, Rotin D . The guanine nucleotide exchange factor CNrasGEF activates ras in response to cAMP and cGMP . Curr. Biol. . 10 . 9 . 555–8 . May 2000 . 10801446 . 10.1016/S0960-9822(00)00473-5. 16896523 . free . 2000CBio...10..555P .
5. Emery AC, Eiden MV, Mustafa T, Eiden LE . Rapgef2 Connects GPCR-Mediated cAMP Signals to ERK Activation in Neuronal and Endocrine Cells . Sci Signal . 6 . 281 . ra51 . 2013 . 23800469 . 10.1126/scisignal.2003993 . 3932028.
6. Spaargaren M, Bischoff JR . Identification of the guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator for Ral as a putative effector molecule of R-ras, H-ras, K-ras, and Rap . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 91 . 26 . 12609–13 . December 1994 . 7809086 . 45488 . 10.1073/pnas.91.26.12609. 1994PNAS...9112609S . free .