RAD51L1 explained

DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAD51L1 gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the RAD51 protein family. RAD51 family members are evolutionarily conserved proteins essential for DNA repair by homologous recombination. This protein has been shown to form a stable heterodimer with the family member RAD51C, which further interacts with the other family members, such as RAD51, XRCC2, and XRCC3. Overexpression of this gene was found to cause cell cycle G1 delay and cell apoptosis, which suggested a role of this protein in sensing DNA damage. At least three alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been observed.^[3]

Interactions

RAD51L1 has been shown to interact with RAD51C.^{[4] [5] [6]}

Further reading

• Dreikorn K, Röhl L . Preservation and transplantation of human cadaver kidneys. Experiences with the Gamgro perfusion unit . Scand. J. Urol. Nephrol. . 8 . 1 . 19–26 . 1974 . 4595808 . 10.3109/00365597409132812 .
• Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB . Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery . Genome Res. . 6 . 9 . 791–806 . 1996 . 8889548 . 10.1101/gr.6.9.791 . free .
• Albala JS, Thelen MP, Prange C, Fan W, Christensen M, Thompson LH, Lennon GG . Identification of a novel human RAD51 homolog, RAD51B . Genomics . 46 . 3 . 476–9 . 1997 . 9441753 . 10.1006/geno.1997.5062 .
• Cartwright R, Dunn AM, Simpson PJ, Tambini CE, Thacker J . Isolation of novel human and mouse genes of the recA/RAD51 recombination-repair gene family . Nucleic Acids Res. . 26 . 7 . 1653–9 . 1998 . 9512535 . 147465 . 10.1093/nar/26.7.1653 .
• Havre PA, Rice MC, Noe M, Kmiec EB . The human REC2/RAD51B gene acts as a DNA damage sensor by inducing G1 delay and hypersensitivity to ultraviolet irradiation . Cancer Res. . 58 . 20 . 4733–9 . 1998 . 9788630 .
• Peng L, Rice MC, Kmiec EB . Analysis of the human RAD51L1 promoter region and its activation by UV light . Genomics . 54 . 3 . 529–41 . 1998 . 9878257 . 10.1006/geno.1998.5536 .
• Schoenmakers EF, Huysmans C, Van de Ven WJ . Allelic knockout of novel splice variants of human recombination repair gene RAD51B in t(12;14) uterine leiomyomas . Cancer Res. . 59 . 1 . 19–23 . 1999 . 9892177 .
• Ingraham SE, Lynch RA, Kathiresan S, Buckler AJ, Menon AG . hREC2, a RAD51-like gene, is disrupted by t(12;14) (q15;q24.1) in a uterine leiomyoma . Cancer Genet. Cytogenet. . 115 . 1 . 56–61 . 1999 . 10565301 . 10.1016/S0165-4608(99)00070-9 .
• Takata M, Sasaki MS, Sonoda E, Fukushima T, Morrison C, Albala JS, Swagemakers SM, Kanaar R, Thompson LH, Takeda S . The Rad51 paralog Rad51B promotes homologous recombinational repair . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 20 . 17 . 6476–82 . 2000 . 10938124 . 86122 . 10.1128/MCB.20.17.6476-6482.2000 .
• Masson JY, Tarsounas MC, Stasiak AZ, Stasiak A, Shah R, McIlwraith MJ, Benson FE, West SC . Identification and purification of two distinct complexes containing the five RAD51 paralogs . Genes Dev. . 15 . 24 . 3296–307 . 2001 . 11751635 . 312846 . 10.1101/gad.947001 .
• Wiese C, Collins DW, Albala JS, Thompson LH, Kronenberg A, Schild D . Interactions involving the Rad51 paralogs Rad51C and XRCC3 in human cells . Nucleic Acids Res. . 30 . 4 . 1001–8 . 2002 . 11842112 . 100332 . 10.1093/nar/30.4.1001 .
• Liu N, Schild D, Thelen MP, Thompson LH . Involvement of Rad51C in two distinct protein complexes of Rad51 paralogs in human cells . Nucleic Acids Res. . 30 . 4 . 1009–15 . 2002 . 11842113 . 100342 . 10.1093/nar/30.4.1009 .
• Blank C, Schoenmakers EF, Rogalla P, Huys EH, van Rijk AA, Drieschner N, Bullerdiek J . Intragenic breakpoint within RAD51L1 in a t(6;14)(p21.3;q24) of a pulmonary chondroid hamartoma . Cytogenet. Cell Genet. . 95 . 1–2 . 17–9 . 2001 . 11978964 . 10.1159/000057011 . 6715664 .
• Godthelp BC, Artwert F, Joenje H, Zdzienicka MZ . Impaired DNA damage-induced nuclear Rad51 foci formation uniquely characterizes Fanconi anemia group D1 . Oncogene . 21 . 32 . 5002–5 . 2002 . 12118380 . 10.1038/sj.onc.1205656 . free .
• Lio YC, Mazin AV, Kowalczykowski SC, Chen DJ . Complex formation by the human Rad51B and Rad51C DNA repair proteins and their activities in vitro . J. Biol. Chem. . 278 . 4 . 2469–78 . 2003 . 12427746 . 10.1074/jbc.M211038200 . free .
• Yokoyama H, Kurumizaka H, Ikawa S, Yokoyama S, Shibata T . Holliday junction binding activity of the human Rad51B protein . J. Biol. Chem. . 278 . 4 . 2767–72 . 2003 . 12441335 . 10.1074/jbc.M210899200 . free .

Notes and References

1. Rapp UR, Marshall TH . Cell surface receptors for endogenous mouse type C viral glycoproteins and epidermal growth factor: tissue distribution in vivo and possible participation in specific cell-cell interaction . J. Supramol. Struct. . 14 . 3 . 343–52 . 1980 . 6261043 . 10.1002/jss.400140308 .
2. Rice MC, Smith ST, Bullrich F, Havre P, Kmiec EB . Isolation of human and mouse genes based on homology to REC2, a recombinational repair gene from the fungus Ustilago maydis . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 94 . 14 . 7417–22 . August 1997 . 9207106 . 23836 . 10.1073/pnas.94.14.7417 . 1997PNAS...94.7417R . free .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: RAD51L1 RAD51-like 1 (S. cerevisiae).
4. Hussain S, Wilson JB, Medhurst AL, Hejna J, Witt E, Ananth S, Davies A, Masson JY, Moses R, West SC, de Winter JP, Ashworth A, Jones NJ, Mathew CG . Direct interaction of FANCD2 with BRCA2 in DNA damage response pathways . Hum. Mol. Genet. . 13 . 12 . 1241–8 . June 2004 . 15115758 . 10.1093/hmg/ddh135 . free .
5. Sigurdsson S, Van Komen S, Bussen W, Schild D, Albala JS, Sung P . Mediator function of the human Rad51B-Rad51C complex in Rad51/RPA-catalyzed DNA strand exchange . Genes Dev. . 15 . 24 . 3308–18 . Dec 2001 . 11751636 . 312844 . 10.1101/gad.935501 .
6. Miller KA, Yoshikawa DM, McConnell IR, Clark R, Schild D, Albala JS . RAD51C interacts with RAD51B and is central to a larger protein complex in vivo exclusive of RAD51 . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 10 . 8406–11 . March 2002 . 11744692 . 10.1074/jbc.M108306200 . free .