Regiment of the Crown (France) explained
The Régiment de La Couronne (Regiment of the Crown) was an infantry regiment of the Kingdom of France, created in 1643.
Lineage
- 1643 : creation of the Régiment de La Reine-Mère (Regiment of the Queen Mother)
- 1666 : renamed Régiment de Genlis
- 1666 : renamed Régiment d’Artois
- 1673 : named Régiment de La Couronne (Regiment of the Crown)
- January 1, 1791 : renamed the 45th Line Infantry Regiment
- December 3, 1794 : the 1st Battalion was incorporated into the 89th Battle Demi-Brigade (French: [[:fr:89e demi-brigade de bataille|89<sup>e</sup> demi-brigade de bataille]]) when that demi-brigade formed.
- 1795 : the 2nd Battalion was incorporated into the 86th Battle Demi-Brigade (French: [[:fr:90e demi-brigade de bataille|90<sup>e</sup> demi-brigade de bataille]]) when it formed.
Equipment
Regimental Colors
During the Siege of Maastricht (1673), the Régiment d’Artois was renamed La Couronne (The Crown) as a reward for valor, and awarded new regimental arms, a white cross on an azure background with the motto Dedit hanc Mastrika coronam "Maastricht [lui] a valu cette couronne" (Maastricht won this crown).
9 regimental colors out of which one "white", Colonel and eight for ordinance, "all blue with the French Crown in gold in the middle of each white cross".[1]
Uniform
History
Colonels and mestres de camp
- June 25, 1643: François-Marie de l’Hôpital, Duke of Vitry, Colonel
- June 7, 1757: N. Bruslard, Marquis de Genlis
- June 1673: N. Bruslard, Marquis de Gelis-Bethancourt
- September 1675: N. Bruslard, Marquis de Genlis
- March 12, 1677: Hardouin Bruslard, Chevalier de Genlis
- March 30, 1693: N. de Prunier, Marquis de Saint-André
- July 26, 1698: Louis, Marquis de Polastron
- May 11, 1707: René-François de Froulay, Chevalier de Tessé
- February 17, 1712: Jean François Gabriel, Count of Polastron
- March 10, 1734: Armand Louis de Béthune, Marquis de Charost, killed in 1735 near Trèves
- November 11, 1735: Louis-Ferdinand-Joseph de Croi, Duke of Havré, Colonel-lieutenant
- Mars 14 1758: Marie-Alexandre-Léonor-Louis-César de Saint-Mauris, Count of Montbarrey
- November 30, 1761: Pierre-Constantin Le Vicomte, Count of Blangy
- June 22, 1767: Claude-Antoine de Béziade, Marquis d’Avaray
- November 11, 1782: Marie-Gabriel-Florent-Auguste, Count of Choiseul-Gouffier
- January 1, 1784: Augustin-Louis-Charles, Marquis de Lameth
- October 21, 1791: Joseph-Marie-Anne de Moyria
- March 8, 1793: François Goulu
Campaign and battles
- Régiment de La Couronne
- The Regiment de la Couronne was garrisoned in Bonn during the Siege of Bonn (1703) (French: [[:fr:Siège de Bonn|siège de 1703]]). On October 13, 1703, the marquis Yves d'Alègre, governor of the city, sent the regiment in a counter-attack. Colonel de Polastron was wounded in action during this operation.[2]
- 45th Line Infantry Regiment
The 45th Line Infantry Regiment participated in the 1792-1793 campaign with the Army of the North (France),[3] and in 1794 with the Army of Sambre and Meuse (French: [[:fr:armée de Sambre-et-Meuse|armée de Sambre-et-Meuse]]).
See also
Sources and bibliographies
- Jean Churchill de Marlborough, Histoire de Jean Churchill, duc de Marlborough, vol. 1, Jean Imprimerie Impériale (Paris), 1808, 409 p. (lire en ligne [archive]).
- Oscar, vicomte de Poli, Le Régiment de La Couronne : (1643-1791), Paris, Conseil héraldique de France, 1891, 370 p.
Notes and References
- Cinquième abrégé général du militaire de France, sur terre et sur mer, Lemau de la Jaisse, Paris, 1739
- Histoire de Jean Churchill, duc de Marlborough, 1808, p. 196
- French: [[:fr:armée du Nord (1791)|armée du Nord]]
