| Quzhou dialect | |
| Pronunciation: | pronounced as /dʒy tɕiɯ ɦuɑ/ |
| States: | People's Republic of China |
| Region: | Quzhou prefecture, Zhejiang |
| Date: | no date |
| Familycolor: | Sino-Tibetan |
| Fam2: | Sinitic |
| Fam3: | Wu |
| Fam4: | Chuqu |
| Isoexception: | dialect |
| Glotto: | chuz1238 |
| Glottorefname: | Quzhou |
| Notice: | IPA |
The Quzhou dialect (衢州話; pronounced pronounced as /d̥͡ʒ̊y.tɕiɯ.ɦuɑ/ in the Quzhou dialect) is a dialect of Wu Chinese spoken in Quzhou, China.
| Labial | Dental | Palatal | Postalveolar | Velar | Glottal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | pronounced as /ink/ 迷 | pronounced as /ink/ 拿 | pronounced as /ink/ 寧 | pronounced as /ink/ 咬 | ||||
| Plosive | tenuis | pronounced as /ink/ 巴 | pronounced as /ink/ 丁 | pronounced as /ink/ 公 | pronounced as /ink/ 愛 | |||
| aspirated | pronounced as /ink/ 怕 | pronounced as /ink/ 聽 | pronounced as /ink/ 空 | |||||
| slack voice | pronounced as /ink/ 爬 | pronounced as /ink/ 停 | pronounced as /ink/ 共 | |||||
| Affricate | tenuis | pronounced as /ink/ 增 | pronounced as /ink/ 九 | pronounced as /ink/ 真 | ||||
| aspirated | pronounced as /ink/ 寸 | pronounced as /ink/ 秋 | pronounced as /ink/ 春 | |||||
| slack voice | pronounced as /ink/ 存 | pronounced as /ink/ 求 | pronounced as /ink/ 陳 | |||||
| Fricative | tenuis | pronounced as /ink/ 方 | pronounced as /ink/ 森 | pronounced as /ink/ 心 | pronounced as /ink/ 雙 | pronounced as /ink/ 好 | ||
| slack voice | pronounced as /ink/ 房 | pronounced as /ink/ 時 | pronounced as /ink/ 尋 | pronounced as /ink/ 床 | pronounced as /ink/ 或 | |||
| Approximant | pronounced as /ink/ 來 | (pronounced as /ink/) 移 | (pronounced as /ink/) 吳 | pronounced as /ink/ 或 | ||||
| Medial | Nucleus | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| pronounced as /∅/ | ɑ | e̞ | ɘɪ | ɔ | ɤ | ə | æ | ən | ã | ɒ̃ | oŋ | əʔ | ənʔ | ɐ̞ʔ | liquid | ||
| pronounced as /∅/ | 試 pronounced as /link/ | 家 pronounced as /link/ | 菜 pronounced as /link/ | 走 pronounced as /[ɘɪ]/ | 包 pronounced as /link/ | 勾 pronounced as /link/ | 南 pronounced as /link/ | 三 pronounced as /link/ | 本 pronounced as /[ən]/ | 打 pronounced as /link/ | 方 pronounced as /link/ | 公 pronounced as /[oŋ]/ | 六 pronounced as /[əʔ]/ | 脱 pronounced as /[ənʔ]/ | 白 pronounced as /[ɐ̞ʔ]/ | 爾 pronounced as /link/ | |
| pronounced as /i/ | 去 pronounced as /link/ | 謝 pronounced as /[iɑ]/ | 變 pronounced as /[ie]/ | 表 pronounced as /[iɔ]/ | 九 pronounced as /[iɯ]/ | 金 pronounced as /[iɲ]/ | 兩 pronounced as /[iã]/ | 旺 pronounced as /[iɒ̃]/ | 窘 pronounced as /[ioŋ]/ | 业 pronounced as /[iɘʔ]/ | 弱 pronounced as /[iɐ̞ʔ]/ | 姆 pronounced as /link/ | |||||
| pronounced as /u/ | 布 pronounced as /link/ | 瓜 pronounced as /[uɑ]/ | 快 pronounced as /[ue̞]/ | 會 pronounced as /[uɘɪ]/ | 官 pronounced as /[uə]/ | 慣 pronounced as /[uæ]/ | 昏 pronounced as /[uən]/ | 昌 pronounced as /[uã]/ | 光 pronounced as /[uɒ̃]/ | 國 pronounced as /[uəʔ]/ | 划 pronounced as /[uɐ̞ʔ]/ | 魚 pronounced as /link/ | |||||
| pronounced as /y/ | 雨 pronounced as /link/ | 捐 pronounced as /[yə]/ | 運 pronounced as /[yɲ]/ | 肉 pronounced as /[yəʔ]/ | 水衢 pronounced as /link/ | ||||||||||||
The Quzhou dialect is considered to have seven tones. However, since the tone split from Middle Chinese, characters still depend on the voicing of the initial consonant. These constitute just three phonemic tones: ping, shang, and qu. (Ru syllables are phonemically toneless.)
| Number | Tone name | Examples | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 陰平 yīn píng | pronounced as /link/ (44) | 江天飛空 | |
| 2 | 陽平 yáng píng | pronounced as /link/ (112) | 來同魚頭 | |
| 3 | 陰上 yīn shàng | pronounced as /link/ (34) | 懂紙古口 | |
| 4 | 陽去 yáng qù | pronounced as /link/ (31) | 外地路道 | |
| 5 | 陰去 yīn qù | pronounced as /link/ (52) | 對去馬你 | |
| 6 | 陰入 yīn rù | pronounced as /link/ (12) | 六肉白石 | |
| 7 | 陽入 yáng rù | pronounced as /link/ (5) | 各黑出脫 |
The first example can be compared with Japanese: あなたは私の友達だよ。(anata wa watashi no tomodachi dayo.) Here, 啘 resembles Japanese だよ (dayo).