Quercetin 3-O-sulfate explained

Quercetin 3-sulfate is a plasma human metabolite of quercetin.^{[1] [2] [3]} It is the sulfate conjugate of quercetin.

Quercetin-3-sulfate 3'-sulfotransferase is an enzyme that uses 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate and quercetin 3-sulfate to produce adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate and quercetin 3,3'-bissulfate. Quercetin-3-sulfate 4'-sulfotransferase is an enzyme that uses 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate and quercetin 3-sulfate to produce adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate and quercetin 3,4'-bissulfate. Both enzymes can be found in Flaveria chlorifolia.^[4] Quercetin-3,3'-bissulfate 7-sulfotransferase is an enzyme that uses 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate and quercetin 3,3'-bissulfate to produce adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate and quercetin 3,7,3'-trissulfate. The enzyme can be found in Flaveria sp.

Notes and References

1. Human metabolism of dietary flavonoids: Identification of plasma metabolites of quercetin. Andrea J. Day, Fred Mellon, Denis Barron, Géraldine Sarrazin, Michael R.A. Morgan and Gary Williamson, Free Radical Research, 2001, Vol. 35, No. 6, pages 941-952,
2. Effect of quercetin conjugates on vascular permeability and expression of adhesion molecules. Mika Mochizuki, Katsuko Kajiya, Junji Terao, Kazuhiko Kaji, Shigenori Kumazawa, Tsutomu Nakayama and Kayoko Shimoi, BioFactors, Volume 22, Issue 1-4, pages 201–204, 2004,
3. Metabolism of quercetin-7- and quercetin-3-glucuronides by an in vitro hepatic model: the role of human β-glucuronidase, sulfotransferase, catechol-O-methyltransferase and multi-resistant protein 2 (MRP2) in flavonoid metabolism. Karen A O’Leary, Andrea J Day, Paul W Needs, Fred A Mellon, Nora M O’Brien and Gary Williamson, Biochemical Pharmacology, Volume 65, Issue 3, 1 February 2003, pages 479-491,
4. Varin L and Ibrahim RK . 1989 . Partial purification and characterization of 3 flavonol-specific sulfotransferases from Flaveria chloraefolia . Plant Physiol. . 90 . 3 . 977 - 981 . 10.1104/pp.90.3.977 . 16666908 . 1061831.