Quṭrub the Grammarian explained
Abū Alī Muḥammad ibn al-Mustanīr (Arabic: أبو علي محمد بن المستنير), known as Quṭrub the Grammarian of al-Baṣrah, was a poet, a scientist, a scholar of Qur'anic exegesis (tafsir) and the leading philologist and linguist of his time. He wrote on a wide field of subjects and authored the first Kitāb al-Muthallath ('Ternary'), of which several later and extended versions were produced. He died in 821/22 (206 AH).
Life
Quṭrub the Grammarian, Abū ‘Alī Muḥammad ibn al-Mustanīr, known also as Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad, or al-Ḥasan ibn Muḥammad; he studied under Sibawayh and the Baṣran philologists, rivals of the Kūfah school. Quṭrub, and later his son al-Ḥasan, taught the sons of Abū Dulaf al-Qāsim ibn Īsā.
Quṭrub was a native of Baṣrah and a mawlā (apprentice) of Salīm ibn Ziād. The polymath Muḥammad ibn Ḥabīb (d.859/860) quoted Quṭrub along with Ibn al-A‘rābī, Abū ‘Ubaydah, Abū al-Yaqẓān, et al, who were among the scholars of genealogy, historical tradition, language, poetry and the tribes. The ḥāfiẓ of Baghdād Hārūn Ibn ‘Alī al-Munajjim, of the famous Munajjim family, included verses by Quṭrub in his Kitāb al-Bārī.
Works
Among his written books were:
- Ma’ānī al-Qur’ān (Arabic: كتاب معانى القرآن) ‘Meaning of the Qur’ān’; (rhetorical figures of the Qur’ān)
- Kitāb al-Ishtiqāq (Arabic: كتاب الاشتقاق) 'Derivations' (Etymology);
- Kitāb al-Qawāfī (Arabic: كتاب القوافى) (treatise on Rhymes);
- Kitāb al-Nawādir (Arabic: كتاب النوادر) 'Rare Forms' (book of anecdotes);
- Kitāb al-Azmina (Arabic: كتاب الازمنة) 'Periods' (Seasons);
- Kitāb al-Muthalath (Arabic: كتاب المثلث) The Ternary ‘Triple’;
- Kitāb al-Farq (Arabic: كتاب الفرق) 'Distinguishing' (anthropological and zoological anatomical terms);[1] [2]
- Kitāb al-Aswāt (Arabic: كتاب الاصوات) 'Voices' (Interjections);
- Kitāb al-Sifāt (Arabic: كتاب الصفات) 'Epithets' (Adjectives, Attributes);
- Kitāb al-‘Ilal fī al-Nahwī (Arabic: كتاب العلل في النحو) 'The Weak Letters in Grammar';
- Kitāb al-Adhdād (Arabic: كتاب الاضداد) 'Antonyms';
- Kitāb Khulq al-Faras (Arabic: كتاب خلق الفرس) 'Nature of the Horse';
- Kitāb Khulq al-Insān (Arabic: كتاب خلق الانسان) 'Nature of Man';
- Kitāb Al-Nihayah Fi Gharīb al-Ḥadīth wa'l-Athaar. (Arabic: كتاب النهاية في غريب الحديث والآثار) 'Rare Expressions in the Ḥadīth';
- Kitāb al-Radd ‘alā ‘l-Mulhidīn fī Mutashābu ‘l-Qur’ān (Arabic: كتاب الردّ على الملحدين في متشابه القرآن) 'Refutation of the Heretics, about the metaphorical (anthropomorphic) interpretations in the Qur’ān';
- Kitāb al-Hamz (Arabic: كتاب الهمز) 'The Letter Hamza';
- Kitāb al-Fa‘ala wa-Af‘ala (Arabic: كتاب فعل وافعل) 'Verbs in First and Fourth Class';
- Kitāb I’rāb al-Qur’ān (Arabic: كتاب اعراب القرآن) 'Inflection (Declension) of the Qur’ān'.
- Kitāb fī al-Anwā’ (Arabic: كتاب في الانواء) 'Al-Anwā’'
Bibliography
See also
Notes and References
- Book: Quṭrub, Muḥammad ibn al-Mustanīr. Kitāb Al-farq fī l-luġa. Laʻṭiya. Ḫalīl Ibrāhīm. Al-Qāhira. Maktabat al-T̲aqāfa al-Dīnīya . 1988. 912510604. ar .
- Book: Quṭrub, Muḥammad ibn al-Mustanīr. Kitāb al-Farq . Tamīmī. Ṣubayḥ. Bayrūt, Lubnān. Muʼassasat al-Ashraf . 1995. 2. ar.
