Qawm Tubba' Explained

The People of Tubba' (Arabic: قوم تبع, Qawm Tubba) are a group of people mentioned in the Qur'an. They are only mentioned twice; first in the chapter Ad-Dukhan and next in Qaf. They are citizens of pre-Islamic Yemen, whom were given divine punishments for their misdeeds and rejection of the divine messengers sent by God.

Islamic literature

The word Tubba' was in fact a title which was used by the Himyarites to refer to their rulers.[1] The identify of the Tubba' here is unknown, however scholars including Ibn Kathir, Ibn Ishaq, Ibn Hisham, Ibn al-Kalbi and Tabari have identified him as the Himyarite king Abu Karib.[2] [3] [4] Ibn al-Jawzi also has a narration which cites the Tubba' as being Malikikarib Yuhamin, Abu Karib's father and predecessor.[5]

There is a Hadith of disputed authenticity, which affirms that Tubba' was a believer in a "correct" faith that preceded Islam.[6] [7] However, another narration states that it was not known whether Tubba' was accursed or not.[8] Arab traditions cite that Tubba' converted to Judaism after he was warned by two rabbis at Medina to stay away from the city, as a Prophet would migrate there in future.

Qur'anic references

The people of Tubba' are mentioned twice in the Qu'ran:

۝ Are they better or the people of Tubba' and those who went before them? We destroyed them [for] indeed, they were a criminal people.[9]

۝ And the companions of the thicket and the people of Tubba'. All denied the messengers, so My threat was justly fulfilled.[10]

See also

Notes and References

  1. Book: Prophets in the Quran: An Introduction to the Quran and Muslim Exegesis. 166. Brannon M. Wheeler. Continuum International Publishing Group. 2002. 0-8264-4956-5.
  2. Web site: Al-Quran Ibn Kathir Tafsir Alim.org . 2023-11-09 . www.alim.org . en-us.
  3. Book: Al-Munabbih, Wahb bin . The Book of Crowns on the Kings of Himyar . 2009 . Gorgias Press, LLC . 978-1-59333-515-1 . ar.
  4. Book: Ṭabarī . The Sāsānids, the Byzantines, the Lakhmids, and Yemen . Bosworth . Clifford Edmund . Ṭabarī . 1999 . State University of New York Press . 978-0-7914-4355-2 . SUNY series in Near Eastern studies . Albany.
  5. Book: Ibn al-Jawzi . Za'ad al-Masir fi 'Ilm al-Tafsir . 2013 . Turath For Solutions . 978-9957-65-590-7 . ar.
  6. Web site: Surah Ad-Dukhan 44:30-42 - Qur'anic Translation with Commentary . 2024-05-04 . islamicstudies.info.
  7. Book: Zaheer, Syed Iqbat . Tafsir Ishraq Al-Ma'an . 2008-06-03 . Iqra Publication . 978-81-901332-0-3 . en.
  8. Web site: Sunan Abi Dawud, Hadith 4674 . 2024-05-04 . sunnah.com.
  9. Web site: Surah Ad-Dukhan (44:37) - English Translation . 2024-05-04 . quran.com.
  10. Web site: Surah Qaf (50:14) - English Translation . 2024-05-04 . quran.com.