National Museum of Qatar explained

National Museum of Qatar
Native Name Lang:Arabic: المتحف الوطني في قطر
Established:Opened
Location:Doha, Qatar
Coordinates:25.2879°N 51.5494°W
Type:Museum
Director:Sheikh Abdulaziz H. Al Thani
Owner:Qatar Museums

The National Museum of Qatar is a national museum in Doha, Qatar. The current building opened to the public on 28 March 2019, replacing the previous building which opened in 1975. The building was designed by architect Jean Nouvel who was inspired by the desert rose crystal, which can be found in Qatar.[1] [2] The museum site includes Sheikh Abdullah bin Jassim Al Thani's Palace, which is the heart of the Qatari national identity.[3] From 2013 to 2023, the director of the museum was Sheikha Amna.[4] In February 2024, Sheikh Abdulaziz H. Al Thani became director of the Museum.[5]

Collection

A tour of the museum takes visitors through a loop of galleries that address three major, interrelated themes. The galleries are loosely arranged in chronological order, beginning with exhibitions on the natural history of the desert and the Persian Gulf, artefacts from Bedouin culture, historical exhibitions on the tribal wars, the establishment of the Qatari state, and finally the discovery of oil to the present.[6] The displays and installations that explore these themes present audiovisual displays with carefully selected treasures from the museum's collections. These collections currently consist of approximately 8,000 objects and include archaeological artefacts, architectural elements, heritage household and travelling objects, textiles and costumes, jewelry, decorative arts, books, and historical documents.[7]

The museum's mission is to celebrate the culture, heritage, and future of Qatar and its people, embodying the pride and traditions of Qataris while offering international visitors a dialogue about rapid change and modernization.[8]

Since its inauguration, the museum contained materials which signify Qatar's cultural heritage, such as Bedouin ethnographic materials, maritime artifacts and environmental items. Ancient artifacts, most of which are locally derived, are also housed in the museum.[9]

Archaeological artifacts

British archaeologist Beatrice de Cardi and her team were commissioned to undertake expeditions in Qatar from November 1973 to January 1974 in order to collect artifacts to display in the museum.[10] Their most significant discoveries were at the site of Al Da'asa, which contained numerous Ubaid potsherds dating to the Neolithic period.[11] Artifacts from the earlier Danish expeditions launched throughout the 1950s and 1960s, previously housed at the Doha Public Library,[12] were also put on display in the museum.[9]

The museum's antiquities department had an active role in surveys and excavations after De Cardi's expedition ended. They excavated the archaeological sites of Al Wusail and Zubarah.[13]

Ethnographic materials

Materials documenting Bedouin ethnography range widely in theme. Certain objects on display were historically used as tools and weapons by the Bedouin, whereas others are products such as jewellery, pottery and costumes. Traditional poems are featured in the museum; most notable are works composed by Qatari ibn al-Fuja'a and former emir Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani.

In 2015, Sheikh Mubarak bin Saif Al Thani presented the first written draft of the anthem to the Qatar National Museum to be put on display. It was originally scheduled to be moved to the new museum upon its completion.[14]

History

Upon Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani's accession to the throne in 1972, he drew up plans for a national museum in order to document the country's heritage and traditions. That year, he contracted Michael Rice & Company to design the structural and functional aspects of the museum. It was decided that the building would enclose the Old Amiri Palace, a dilapidated early-20th century palace previously occupied by Qatar's former emir, Abdullah bin Jassim Al Thani.[15] A lagoon was also created to provide a venue for showcasing traditional dhows and pearling equipment.[16]

Originally named the Qatar National Museum, it was inaugurated on 23 June 1975.[17] Originally, its facilities included a 100-seat auditorium and a library.[16] In 1980, the museum was awarded the Aga Khan Award for Architecture.[18] The royal palace which the museum was built around was refurbished in 2015 in preparation for the opening of the new museum.[19]

An online platform called Explorer was launched in 2023 by the museum. The platform gives viewers access to online collections, an archaeology and heritage map as well as an interactive timeline of the museum.[20]

A Memorandum of Cooperation was signed by the NMoQ’s director of partnerships and sponsorships and the director of the National Museum of Mongolia in December 2023. The cooperation also includes an exhibition in Mongolia in 2024, to commemorate the 25th anniversary of diplomatic relations between the two countries.[21]

The NMoQ participates in the Expo 2023 Doha, offering activities and workshops to families centred around Qatar’s traditions, culture and natural environment.[22]

During the 2024 Summer Olympics, the NMoQ's Jiwan restaurant provided a week's menu for Le Dalí at the Le Meurice hotel in France. The menu focuses on traditional Middle Eastern as well as regional culinary dishes.[23]

New building

The new building was constructed on the site of the old building. It was designed by Pritzker Prize-winning architect Jean Nouvel who was inspired by the desert rose and grows around the original twentieth century palace of Sheikh Abdullah bin Jassim Al Thani.[24] The historic palace was restored by Berlin-based architecture and engineering firm ZRS Architekten Ingenieure.[25] This important monument to Qatar's past is now preserved as the heart of the new NMoQ.[26] The relation between the new building and the old building is part of creating the bridge between the past and the present advocated by Sheikha Al Mayassa as a way to "define ourselves instead of forever being defined by others […]" and of "celebrating our identity".[27]

The 430,000 square foot (40,000 m2) museum is made up of interlocking discs that create cavities to protect visitors from the desert heat.[28] Located on a 1.5 million ft² site at the south end of Doha's Corniche,[29] the NMoQ building rises from the sea and is connected to the shore by two pedestrian bridges and a road bridge.

Originally, the museum was scheduled to open in 2016,[30] but its opening was pushed back to 28 March 2019.[31] [32] Time magazine named it one of the World's Greatest Places to Visit in 2019, citing the integration of "immersive video screens and dioramas" into Jean Nouvel's architectural design.[33] [34]

The museum welcomed more than 450,000 visitors in less than a year of its opening.[35] The museum attracts people as it depicts Qatar's history not through paintings and sculptures but with 21st-century lights, sounds and visuals.[36]

Contractor

The main building was contracted to a Korea-based company; Hyundai Engineering & Construction in 2011.[37] The project involved the construction of the new National Museum next to the existing Qatar National Museum, which is located across from the Doha Corniche. The museum is designed according to the Bedouin tradition of Qatar.[38] It includes a building in the shape of a desert rose and a 1.2 million ft² landscaped park. The project also includes a 115,000 m2 park with an artificial lagoon and parking spaces for 400 vehicles, a 220-seat auditorium, a research center, laboratories, a dedicated food forum, two restaurants, a café, and two museum shops, one for children.[39]

Exhibitions

See also

Bibliography

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Powell . Jim . The 20 photographs of the week . . 3 April 2019 . 30 March 2019.
  2. Web site: National Museum of Qatar . 2022-06-02 . Ateliers Jean Nouvel . en-US.
  3. Web site: Spectacular Jean Nouvel Designed National Museum Qatar To Open In March. 2021-11-16. Artlyst. en-GB.
  4. Web site: 2013-11-27. Sheikha Amna to head new museum. 2021-04-12. Gulf-Times. ar.
  5. Web site: 2024-02-21 . Qatar Museums announces leadership appointments . 2024-06-06 . thepeninsulaqatar.com . en.
  6. https://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/23/arts/design/23doha.html?_r=0 Celebrating the Delicate Beauty of the Desert Landscape
  7. http://www.artdaily.com/index.asp?int_sec=11&int_new=37035&int_modo=2#.UfDosI3fBKd Qatar Museums Authority Unveils Jean Nouvel Design for New Museum
  8. https://archive.today/20130725100628/http://www.qatarisbooming.com/2012/06/22/new-qatar-national-museum%E2%80%A6a-journey-in-a-world-of-fantasy/ New Qatar National Museum…a journey in a world of fantasy!
  9. Karen Exell. Trinidad Rico. 'There is no heritage in Qatar': Orientalism, colonialism and other problematic histories. World Archaeology. 45. 4. 670–685. 2013. 10.1080/00438243.2013.852069.
  10. Web site: 2016-07-14 . Beatrice de Cardi obituary . 2022-06-02 . the Guardian . en.
  11. M. Abdul Nayeem (1998), p. 36
  12. Web site: The era of reform. New York. Permanent Mission of the State of Qatar to the United Nation. HathiTrust. 33. 1973.
  13. M. Abdul Nayeem (1998), p. 39
  14. Web site: Poet's donation shines spotlight on origins of Qatar's national anthem. Doha News. 28 November 2015. 22 February 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20151208043233/http://dohanews.co/poets-donation-shines-spotlight-on-origins-of-qatars-national-anthem/. 8 December 2015. dead.
  15. Web site: Wherefore Art Thou Qatar?. The Business Year. 2014. 25 February 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160308012017/https://thebusinessyear.com/qatar-2014/wherefore-art-thou-qatar/focus. 8 March 2016.
  16. Rice. Michael. National museum of Doha, Qatar. Museum. XXIX. 2/3. 1977. 78–87. 18 December 2015.
  17. Web site: Mohammed Hassan Al-Kuwari. Maryam Khulaifi. Jamila Abdulla Ahmed. Sawsan Al-Haddad. دليـل المؤسسات الثقافية في قطر (Directory of Cultural Institutions in Qatar). Ministry of Culture, Arts and Heritage. ar. 2013. 12. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20151222111458/http://www.moc.gov.qa/Arabic/publications/Documents/%D8%AF%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AA%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A9.pdf. 2015-12-22.
  18. Web site: National Museum. Aga Khan Development Network. 18 December 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20160304090506/http://www.akdn.org/architecture/project.asp?id=11. 4 March 2016. dead.
  19. Web site: Sheikh Abdullah's palace at heart of National Museum of Qatar restored. Doha News. Lesley Walker. 21 June 2015. 18 December 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20151222165716/http://dohanews.co/sheikh-abdullahs-palace-at-heart-of-national-museum-of-qatar-restored/. 22 December 2015. dead.
  20. Web site: Aguilar . Joey . 2023-07-11 . NMoQ Explorer: A digital journey of discovery . 2023-11-16 . Gulf Times . en.
  21. Web site: National Museums of Mongolia and Qatar sign Memorandum of Cooperation . 2024-02-16 .
  22. Web site: 2023-10-01 . Qatar Museums collaborates with Expo 2023 Doha to offer engaging public activities . 2024-02-16 . Qatar Tribune . en.
  23. Web site: 2024-07-21 . Qatar Museums joins Paris 2024 Olympics with free exhibitions, special activations . 2024-08-01 . thepeninsulaqatar.com . en.
  24. Web site: National Museum of Qatar . 2022-06-08 . Ateliers Jean Nouvel . en-US.
  25. Web site: ZRS . 2022-06-02 . en-GB.
  26. http://www.qma.org.qa/index.php/en/collections/national-museum-of-qatar National Museum of Qatar
  27. Hanley. D.C.. A Desert Rose takes shape: plans for National Museum of Qatar Unveiled. Washington Report on Middle East Affairs. 29. 4. 32–33.
  28. http://www.timeoutdoha.com/art/features/25687-qatar-national-museum#.UfDvF43fBKc Take a first look at the upcoming Qatar National Museum
  29. Web site: 2019-03-28. A Rose in the Desert: Jean Nouvel’s National Museum of Qatar Debuts. 2021-11-16. SURFACE. en-US.
  30. News: Qatar's National Museum eyeing 2016 opening. Shabina S. Khatri. 6 July 2014. 2 June 2015. Doha News. https://web.archive.org/web/20190328081038/https://dohanews.co/qatars-national-museum-eyeing-2016-opening/. 28 March 2019. dead.
  31. Web site: Qatar's national museum by Jean Nouvel opening date announced. 4 November 2018. Gulf Times Qatar. 4 November 2018.
  32. Web site: The Middle East's hottest new museum is here. CNN. Joanne Martin. 28 March 2019. 12 August 2019.
  33. News: . The National Museum of Qatar . Time Magazine . USA . 22 August 2019 . 29 August 2019 .
  34. News: . National Museum of Qatar announced as one of the World's Greatest Places! . iLoveQatar.net . Haroon United Group . Qatar . 24 August 2019 . 29 August 2019 .
  35. News: Belcher . David . 2020-01-07 . Opinion Skip the Vatican Museum. Go to the National Museum of Qatar. . en-US . The New York Times . 2022-06-08 . 0362-4331.
  36. News: Skip the Vatican Museum. Go to the National Museum of Qatar.. The New York Times. 7 January 2020. 7 January 2020. Belcher. David.
  37. Web site: Hyundai E&C.
  38. Web site: Project – National Museum of Qatar ERCO . 2022-06-08 . www.erco.com . en.
  39. Web site: National Museum of Qatar to join forces with Microsoft to accelerate Qatar Museums digital transformation. 2021-11-16. www.zawya.com. en.
  40. Web site: Pipilotti Rist: Your Brain to Me, My Brain to You . 2022-06-03 . NMOQ . en.
  41. Web site: National Museum of Qatar unveils Pipilotti Rist's Your Brain to Me, My Brain to You installation . 2022-06-03 . artdaily.com.
  42. Web site: A Sneak Peek at Qatar Auto Museum Project . 2022-06-03 . NMOQ . en.
  43. Web site: Aguilar . Joey . 2018-07-18 . National Museum of Qatar’s collection on the move . 2022-11-18 . Gulf Times . en.
  44. Web site: One the Move - National Museum of Qatar Qatar Exhibitions . 2022-11-18 . www.qacreates.com . en.
  45. Web site: 2021-08-31 . QM’s 3-2-1 Qatar & Olympic Sports Museum to be featured at La Biennale di Venezia . 2023-01-27 . thepeninsulaqatar.com . en.
  46. Web site: Dive Into Hermès's Heritage With Harnessing The Roots Exhibition In Qatar . 2023-12-19 . Grazia Middle East . en-US.
  47. Web site: 2023-03-02 . Hermès Heritage — Harnessing the Roots exhibition . 2023-12-19 . DUNES . en.
  48. Web site: 2023-03-24 . Olafur Eliasson puts climate change front and centre in Qatar exhibition and desert installation . 2023-08-01 . The Art Newspaper - International art news and events.
  49. Web site: 2023-10-24 . ‘The Shape of Time: Art and Ancestors of Oceania’ opens at NMoQ . 2023-11-16 . Gulf Times . en.
  50. Web site: 2023-10-24 . Qatar-Indonesia coffee exhibition brews cultural connections at NMoQ . 2023-11-16 . thepeninsulaqatar.com . en.

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