QKI explained

Quaking homolog, KH domain RNA binding (mouse), also known as QKI, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the QKI gene.^{[1] [2]}

QKI belongs to a family of RNA-binding proteins called STAR proteins for Signal Transduction and Activation of RNA.^[3] They have an HNRNPK homology (KH) domain embedded in a 200-amino acid region called the GSG domain. Other members of this family include SAM68 (KHDRBS1) and SF1 .^[4] Two more new members are KHDRBS3^[5] and KHDRBS2.^[6]

The QKI gene is implicated as being important in schizophrenia,^{[7] [8]} and QKI controls translation of many oligodendrocyte-related genes.

Further reading

• Robertson NG, Khetarpal U, Gutiérrez-Espeleta GA, etal . Isolation of novel and known genes from a human fetal cochlear cDNA library using subtractive hybridization and differential screening. . Genomics . 23 . 1 . 42–50 . 1995 . 7829101 . 10.1006/geno.1994.1457 .
• Saccomanno L, Loushin C, Jan E, etal . The STAR protein QKI-6 is a translational repressor . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 96 . 22 . 12605–10 . 1999 . 10535969 . 10.1073/pnas.96.22.12605 . 23011 . 1999PNAS...9612605S . free .
• Li ZZ, Kondo T, Murata T, etal . Expression of Hqk encoding a KH RNA binding protein is altered in human glioma. . Jpn. J. Cancer Res. . 93 . 2 . 167–77 . 2002 . 11856480 . 5926958 . 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2002.tb01255.x.
• Wu JI, Reed RB, Grabowski PJ, Artzt K . Function of quaking in myelination: regulation of alternative splicing . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 7 . 4233–8 . 2002 . 11917126 . 10.1073/pnas.072090399 . 123631 . 2002PNAS...99.4233W . free .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Moore FL, Jaruzelska J, Fox MS, etal . Human Pumilio-2 is expressed in embryonic stem cells and germ cells and interacts with DAZ (Deleted in AZoospermia) and DAZ-like proteins . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 100 . 2 . 538–43 . 2003 . 12511597 . 10.1073/pnas.0234478100 . 141031 . 2003PNAS..100..538M . free .
• Côté J, Boisvert FM, Boulanger MC, etal . Sam68 RNA binding protein is an in vivo substrate for protein arginine N-methyltransferase 1. . Mol. Biol. Cell . 14 . 1 . 274–87 . 2003 . 12529443 . 10.1091/mbc.E02-08-0484 . 140244 .
• Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK, etal . The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6. . Nature . 425 . 6960 . 805–11 . 2003 . 14574404 . 10.1038/nature02055 . free . 2003Natur.425..805M .
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, etal . Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. . Nat. Genet. . 36 . 1 . 40–5 . 2004 . 14702039 . 10.1038/ng1285 . free .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 .
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, etal . Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network . Nature . 437 . 7062 . 1173–8 . 2005 . 16189514 . 10.1038/nature04209 . 2005Natur.437.1173R . 4427026 .
• Ichimura K, Mungall AJ, Fiegler H, etal . Small regions of overlapping deletions on 6q26 in human astrocytic tumours identified using chromosome 6 tile path array-CGH. . Oncogene . 25 . 8 . 1261–71 . 2006 . 16205629 . 10.1038/sj.onc.1209156 . 2760128 .
• Aberg K, Saetre P, Lindholm E, etal . Human QKI, a new candidate gene for schizophrenia involved in myelination. . Am. J. Med. Genet. B Neuropsychiatr. Genet. . 141 . 1 . 84–90 . 2006 . 16342280 . 10.1002/ajmg.b.30243 . 11733591 .
• Aberg K, Saetre P, Jareborg N, Jazin E . Human QKI, a potential regulator of mRNA expression of human oligodendrocyte-related genes involved in schizophrenia . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 103 . 19 . 7482–7 . 2006 . 16641098 . 10.1073/pnas.0601213103 . 1464365 . 2006PNAS..103.7482A . free .
• Lim J, Hao T, Shaw C, etal . A protein-protein interaction network for human inherited ataxias and disorders of Purkinje cell degeneration. . Cell . 125 . 4 . 801–14 . 2006 . 16713569 . 10.1016/j.cell.2006.03.032 . 13709685 . free .
• Haroutunian V, Katsel P, Dracheva S, Davis KL . The human homolog of the QKI gene affected in the severe dysmyelination "quaking" mouse phenotype: downregulated in multiple brain regions in schizophrenia. . The American Journal of Psychiatry . 163 . 10 . 1834–7 . 2006 . 17012699 . 10.1176/ajp.2006.163.10.1834 .
• Zhao L, Tian D, Xia M, etal . Rescuing qkV dysmyelination by a single isoform of the selective RNA-binding protein QKI. . J. Neurosci. . 26 . 44 . 11278–86 . 2006 . 17079655 . 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2677-06.2006 . 6674528 . free .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Entrez Gene: QKI quaking homolog, KH domain RNA binding (mouse).
2. Saccomanno L, Loushin C, Jan E, Punkay E, Artzt K, Goodwin EB . The STAR protein QKI-6 is a translational repressor . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 96 . 22 . 12605–10 . October 1999 . 10535969 . 23011 . 10.1073/pnas.96.22.12605. 1999PNAS...9612605S . free .
3. Vernet C, Artzt K . STAR, a gene family involved in signal transduction and activation of RNA . Trends Genet. . 13 . 12 . 479–84 . December 1997 . 9433137 . 10.1016/S0168-9525(97)01269-9.
4. Chen T, Richard S . Structure-function analysis of Qk1: a lethal point mutation in mouse quaking prevents homodimerization . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 18 . 8 . 4863–71 . August 1998 . 9671495 . 109071 . 10.1128/MCB.18.8.4863.
5. Venables JP, Vernet C, Chew SL, Elliott DJ, Cowmeadow RB, Wu J, Cooke HJ, Artzt K, Eperon IC . T-STAR/ETOILE: a novel relative of SAM68 that interacts with an RNA-binding protein implicated in spermatogenesis . Hum. Mol. Genet. . 8 . 6 . 959–69 . June 1999 . 10332027 . 10.1093/hmg/8.6.959. free .
6. Wang L, Xu J, Zeng L, Ye X, Wu Q, Dai J, Ji C, Gu S, Zhao C, Xie Y, Mao Y . Cloning and characterization of a novel human STAR domain containing cDNA KHDRBS2 . Mol. Biol. Rep. . 29 . 4 . 369–75 . December 2002 . 12549823 . 10.1023/A:1021246109101. 21864405 .
7. Aberg K, Saetre P, Jareborg N, Jazin E . Human QKI, a potential regulator of mRNA expression of human oligodendrocyte-related genes involved in schizophrenia . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 103 . 19 . 7482–7 . May 2006 . 16641098 . 1464365 . 10.1073/pnas.0601213103 . 2006PNAS..103.7482A . free .
8. Haroutunian V, Katsel P, Dracheva S, Davis KL . The human homolog of the QKI gene affected in the severe dysmyelination "quaking" mouse phenotype: downregulated in multiple brain regions in schizophrenia . Am J Psychiatry . 163 . 10 . 1834–7 . October 2006 . 17012699 . 10.1176/ajp.2006.163.10.1834.