Pyronaridine Explained

Pyronaridine is an antimalarial drug.[1] It was first made in 1970 and has been in clinical use in China since the 1980s.[2]

In a small (n=88) malaria study in Camaroon, pyronaridine had a 100% cure rate, compared with 60% for chloroquine.[3]

It is one of the components of the artemisinin combination therapy pyronaridine/artesunate (Pyramax).[4]

It has also been studied as a potential anticancer drug,[5] and treatment for Ebola. The combination of pyronaridine and artesunate has been evaluated to have a synergistic effect of stronger antiviral effect and less toxicity.[6] The combination of pyronaridine and artesunate is being studied as a possible treatment for moderate to severe SARS-COV-2.[7]

Notes and References

  1. Croft SL, Duparc S, Arbe-Barnes SJ, Craft JC, Shin CS, Fleckenstein L, Borghini-Fuhrer I, Rim HJ . 6 . Review of pyronaridine anti-malarial properties and product characteristics . Malaria Journal . 11 . 270 . August 2012 . 22877082 . 3483207 . 10.1186/1475-2875-11-270 . free .
  2. Chang C, Lin-Hua T, Jantanavivat C . Studies on a new antimalarial compound: pyronaridine . Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene . 86 . 1 . 7–10 . 1992 . 1566313 . 10.1016/0035-9203(92)90414-8 .
  3. Ringwald P, Bickii J, Basco LK . Efficacy of oral pyronaridine for the treatment of acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria in African children . Clinical Infectious Diseases . 26 . 4 . 946–953 . April 1998 . 9564481 . 10.1086/513942 . free .
  4. Web site: Pyramax . European Medicines Agency . 2016.
  5. Villanueva PJ, Martinez A, Baca ST, DeJesus RE, Larragoity M, Contreras L, Gutierrez DA, Varela-Ramirez A, Aguilera RJ . 6 . Pyronaridine exerts potent cytotoxicity on human breast and hematological cancer cells through induction of apoptosis . PLOS ONE . 13 . 11 . e0206467 . 2018 . 30395606 . 6218039 . 10.1371/journal.pone.0206467 . free . 2018PLoSO..1306467V .
  6. Lane TR, Massey C, Comer JE, Anantpadma M, Freundlich JS, Davey RA, Madrid PB, Ekins S . 6 . Repurposing the antimalarial pyronaridine tetraphosphate to protect against Ebola virus infection . PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases . 13 . 11 . e0007890 . November 2019 . 31751347 . 6894882 . 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007890 . free .
  7. Krishna S, Augustin Y, Wang J, Xu C, Staines HM, Platteeuw H, Kamarulzaman A, Sall A, Kremsner P . 6 . Repurposing Antimalarials to Tackle the COVID-19 Pandemic . Trends in Parasitology . 37 . 1 . 8–11 . January 2021 . 33153922 . 7572038 . 10.1016/j.pt.2020.10.003 . Sanjeev Krishna .

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