| Punjab Provincial Assembly | |
| Native Name Lang: | Punjabi |
| House Type: | Unicameral |
| Term Limits: | 5 years |
| Preceded By: | Punjab Legislative Council |
| Succeeded By: |
|
| Leader1 Type: | Speaker |
| Leader2: | Sataya Prakash Singha |
| Leader3 Type: | Deputy Speaker |
| Leader3: | Dasaundha Singh |
| Leader4: | Kapur Singh |
| Leader5 Type: | Prime Minister |
| Leader7 Type: | Leader of Opposition |
| Seats: | 175
|
| Voting System1: | First-past-the-post |
| First Election1: | 1937 |
| Last Election1: | 1946 |
| Meeting Place: | Lahore |
| Constitution: | Government of India Act 1935 |
The Punjab Provincial Assembly was the legislature of the province of Punjab in British India. Established by British authorities under Government of India Act 1935, the assembly had executive powers and members directly elected from 175 constituencies by first past the post system.
| S. No. | Name | Tenure | Party | Assembly | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Shahab-ud-Din Virk | 6 April 1937 | 16 March 1945 | Unionist Party | 1st | |
| 2 | Sataya Prakash Singha | 21 March 1946 | 4 July 1947 | 2nd | ||
| S. No. | Name | Tenure | Party | Assembly | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Dasaundha Singh | 6 April 1937 | 7 April 1941 | Unionist Party | 1st | |
| 2 | Gurbachan Singh | 22 April 1941 | 16 March 1945 | |||
| 3 | Kapur Singh | 26 March 1946 | 4 July 1947 | 2nd | ||
| S. No. | Name | Tenure | Party | Assembly | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sikandar Hayat Khan | 5 April 1937 | 26 December 1942 | Unionist Party | 1st | |
| 2 | Malik Khizar Hayat Tiwana | 30 December 1942 | 19 March 1945 | |||
| 21 March 1946 | 2 March 1947 | 2nd | ||||
All 175 constituencies were reserved on the bases of religion. It was as follows:-
| Constituency Type | Urban | Rural | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| General | 8 | 34 | 42 | |
| Muhammadans | 9 | 75 | 84 | |
| Sikhs | 2 | 29 | 31 | |
| Special^ | - | - | 18 | |
| Total | 19 | 138 | 175 |
^Special constituencies (non-territory constituency) were further divided into Categories and sub-categories as follow:-
See main article: 1937 Punjab Provincial Assembly election. After the passing of Government of India act 1935, Provincial assembly was set up in Punjab. It consisted 175 constituencies. Out of these 159 were single-member constituencies and 8 were double-members constituencies. In double-members constituencies one was reserved for the Schedule Caste according to Poona Pact.[1] In double constituencies each voter had two votes to cast his vote, one for SC candidate and one for general candidate but considered as one vote to calculate voter turnout.
| Party | Seats won | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Unionist Party (UoP) | 98 | ||
| Indian National Congress (INC) | 18 | ||
| Khalsa National Party (KNP) | 13 | ||
| Hindu Election Board (HEB) | 12 | ||
| Shiromani Akali Dal (SAD) | 11 | ||
| Majlis-e-Ahrar-ul-Islam (MAI) | 4 | ||
| All-India Muslim League (AIML) | 2 | ||
| Congress Nationalist Party (CNP) | 1 | ||
| Independents (IND) | 16 | ||
| Total | 175 | ||
| Source:[2] | |||
See main article: 1946 Punjab Provincial Assembly election. On the eve of the elections, the political landscape in the Punjab was finely poised, and the Muslim League offered a credible alternative to the Unionist Party. The transformation itself had been rapid, as most landlords and pirs had not switched allegiance until after 1944.[3] The breakdown of talks between the Punjab Premier, Malik Khizar Hayat Tiwana and Muhammad Ali Jinnah in late 1944 had meant many Muslims were now forced to choose between the two parties at the forthcoming election.[3] A further blow for the Unionists came with death of its leading statesman Sir Chhotu Ram in early 1945.
The Result of election was as follows:-[4]
| Party | Seats won | Change | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All-India Muslim League | 73 | 71 | ||
| Indian National Congress | 51 | 33 | ||
| Shiromani Akali Dal | 21 | 10 | ||
| bgcolor=blue | Unionist Party | 19 | 79 | |
| Independent | 11 | 05 | ||
| Others | 0 | 30 | ||
| Total | 175 | |||