Pumpkin pie explained

Pumpkin pie
Place Of Origin:Canada, United States, United Kingdom
Course:Dessert
Type:Pie
Main Ingredient:Pie shell, pumpkin, eggs, condensed milk, sugar, cinnamon, ginger, nutmeg, cloves, allspice

Pumpkin pie is a dessert pie with a spiced, pumpkin-based custard filling. The pumpkin and pumpkin pie are both a symbol of harvest time,[1] [2] and pumpkin pie is generally eaten during the fall and early winter. In the United States and Canada it is usually prepared for Thanksgiving,[3] Christmas, and other occasions when pumpkin is in season.

The pie's filling ranges in color from orange to brown and is baked in a single pie shell, usually without a top crust. The pie is generally flavored with pumpkin pie spice, a blend that includes cinnamon, ginger, nutmeg, and cloves or allspice. The pie is usually prepared with canned pumpkin, but fresh-cooked pumpkin can be used.

Overview

Cooked and puréed pumpkin flesh is mixed with eggs, evaporated milk, sugar, and spices.[4] The pie is then baked in a pie shell and sometimes topped with whipped cream.[5]

Pies made from fresh pumpkins typically use sugar pumpkins, also known as pie pumpkins, which measure about 6to in diameter, approximately the size of a large grapefruit.[6] They are considerably smaller than the typically larger varieties used to carve jack o'lanterns, contain significantly less pulp, and have a less stringy texture.[6] Other pumpkin varieties or related winter squashes, such as butternut squash, are sometimes used. The flesh is cooked until soft and puréed before being blended with the other ingredients.

Pumpkin pies are often made from canned pumpkin purée.[7] Libby's canned pumpkin, the most popular brand, uses the Dickinson pumpkin variety of Cucurbita moschata solely, though other brands can include any of a number of varieties of Cucurbita pepo or Cucurbita maxima.[8] [9] [10] Packaged pumpkin pie filling with sugar and spices already included is also sold. Sweet potato pie uses a similar recipe, with mashed sweet potato instead of pumpkin.[11]

History

The pumpkin is native to North America. The pumpkin was an early export to France; from there it was introduced to Tudor England, and the flesh of the "pompion" was quickly accepted as pie filling. During the seventeenth century, pumpkin pie recipes could be found in English cookbooks, such as Hannah Woolley's The Gentlewoman's Companion (1675).[12] [13] Pumpkin "pies" made by early American colonists were more likely to be a savory soup made and served in a pumpkin[14] than a sweet custard in a crust. Pumpkins were also stewed and made into ale by colonists. An early appearance of a more modern, custard-like pumpkin pie was in American Cookery, a cookbook published in 1796. It used a sweet custard filling in a pie crust, with spices similar to the ones used today.

It was not until the early nineteenth century that recipes appeared in Canadian cookbooks,[15] or that pumpkin pie became a common addition to the Thanksgiving dinner. The Pilgrims brought the pumpkin pie back to New England,[16] while the English method of cooking the pumpkin took a different course. In the 19th century, the English pumpkin pie was prepared by stuffing the pumpkin with apples, spices, and sugar and then baking it whole.[17] In the United States after the Civil War, the pumpkin pie was resisted in Southern states as a symbol of Yankee culture imposed on the South, where there was no tradition of eating pumpkin pie. Many Southern cooks instead made sweet potato pie, or added bourbon and pecans to give the pumpkin pie a Southern touch.[18]

Today, throughout much of Canada and the United States, it is traditional to serve pumpkin pie after Thanksgiving dinner.[19] [20]

Pumpkin pies were discouraged from Thanksgiving dinners in the United States in 1947 as part of a voluntary egg rationing campaign promoted by the Truman Administration, mainly because of the eggs used in the recipe.[21] [22] This was a part of President Truman's Citizen's Food Committee task force, designed to ration food consumption in the United States in hopes to provide more foreign food assistance to Europe post World War II.[22] [21] Part of the campaign included an "Egg-less & Poultry-less Thursday", which began in October 1947, and with Thanksgiving Day always occurring on a Thursday, there was a considerable backlash among American consumers against this.[22] Truman was true to his word, and no pumpkin pie was served at the White House for Thanksgiving in 1947.[23]

In popular culture

Poetry

Songs

Records

The world's largest pumpkin pie was made in New Bremen, Ohio, at the New Bremen Pumpkinfest on September 25, 2010.[26] [27] The pie consisted of 1212lb of canned pumpkin, 109USgal of evaporated milk, 2,796 eggs, 7lb of salt, NaNlb of cinnamon, and 525lb of sugar. The final pie weighed 3699lb and measured 200NaN0 in diameter.

See also

Notes and References

  1. Book: Damerow, G. . The Perfect Pumpkin: Growing/Cooking/Carving . Storey Publishing, LLC . 2012 . 978-1-60342-741-8 . March 31, 2022 . 9.
  2. Book: Ott . C. . Cronon . W. . Pumpkin: The Curious History of an American Icon . University of Washington Press . Weyerhaeuser Environmental Books . 2012 . 978-0-295-80444-6 . March 31, 2022 . 11.
  3. Rombauer, I. S and M.R. Becker. 1980. The Joy of Cooking. Bobbs-Merrill Company, New York City.
  4. Web site: Terrell . Ellen . 2017-11-20 . A Brief History of Pumpkin Pie in America Inside Adams: Science, Technology & Business . 2022-04-05 . blogs.loc.gov . 2022-03-24 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220324060857/https://blogs.loc.gov/inside_adams/2017/11/a-brief-history-of-pumpkin-pie-in-america/ . live .
  5. Galarza, Daniela (November 9, 2021). "These mini pumpkin pies taste like fall, thanks to a trio of spices" . The Washington Post. Retrieved March 28, 2022.
  6. Book: Daley, R. . In the Sweet Kitchen: The Definitive Baker's Companion . Artisan . 2001 . 978-1-57965-208-1 . March 31, 2022 . 331.
  7. Web site: Denenberg, Zoe . We Tasted 5 Grocery Store Pumpkin Purees, But Libby's Still Captured Our Hearts . . November 7, 2019 . March 31, 2022 . May 17, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220517174756/https://www.southernliving.com/food/veggies/squash/pumpkin/libbys-canned-pumpkin-taste-test . live .
  8. Web site: CPG Sec 585.725 "Pumpkin" . U.S. Food and Drug Administration . February 10, 2020 . March 31, 2022 . March 31, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220331171326/https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/cpg-sec-585725-pumpkin-labeling-articles-made-certain-varieties-squash . live .
  9. Web site: Gonzalez . Ana . Does canned pumpkin contain real pumpkin? We went to the grocery store to find out. . KPRC . September 10, 2021 . March 31, 2022 . April 7, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220407113611/https://www.click2houston.com/features/2021/09/10/does-canned-pumpkin-contain-real-pumpkin-we-went-to-the-grocery-store-to-find-out/ . live .
  10. Web site: Richardson. R. W.. Squash and Pumpkin. United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. November 23, 2014. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20150924160527/http://www.ars-grin.gov/npgs/cgc_reports/squash95.pdf. September 24, 2015.
  11. https://www.timeinc.net/southernliving/food/entertaining/old-fashioned-pies-cobblers-recipes%3Fsource%3Ddam
  12. Andrew F. Smith, "Pumpkins", The Oxford Encyclopedia of Food and Drink in America. Ed. Gordon Campbell. Oxford University Press, 2003. Saint Mary's College of California. December 21, 2011.
  13. Woolley, Hannah, The Gentlewoman's Companion ..., 3rd ed. (London, England: Edward Thomas, 1682), "Pumpion pye", pp. 220–221.
  14. American Classic IX: Pumpkin Pie. Good Eats. 2016-09-22. 2016-10-14. https://web.archive.org/web/20161014005816/http://www.foodnetwork.com/videos/whole-pumpkin-soup-0166418.html. live.
  15. Book: Traill . C.P. . The Canadian Settler's Guide . 1855 . The Old Countryman Office . Toronto . 128 . August 1, 2019.
  16. Web site: Colquhoun. Kate. December 24, 2007. A Dessert With a Past. December 4, 2010. The New York Times. December 1, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171201135944/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/24/opinion/24colquhoun.html?th&emc=th. live.
  17. Web site: How did the squash get its name?. Library of Congress. September 15, 2013.
  18. Web site: How Pumpkin Pie Sparked a 19th-Century Culture War . . Ariel . Knoebel . November 21, 2017 . November 22, 2017 . November 23, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20171123062616/https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/thanksgiving-pumpkin-pie-culture-war . live .
  19. Snell . Rachel . As North American as Pumpkin Pie: Cookbooks and the Development of National Cuisine in North America, 1796-1854 – Cuizine . Cuizine: The Journal of Canadian Food Cultures / Cuizine: Revue des cultures culinaires au Canada . 5 . 2 . October 7, 2014 . 1918-5480 . March 28, 2022 . 10.7202/1026771ar . free . March 28, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220328140913/https://www.erudit.org/en/journals/cuizine/2014-v5-n2-cuizine01533/1026771ar/ . live .
  20. Book: Ott . C. . Cronon . W. . Pumpkin: The Curious History of an American Icon . . Weyerhaeuser Environmental Books . 2012 . 978-0-295-80444-6 . March 28, 2022 . 5.
  21. Web site: The Way We Ate: The Year Harry Truman Passed on Pumpkin Pie. Michele. Humes. Diner's Journal. The New York Times. November 23, 2009. November 17, 2017. May 7, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190507123241/https://dinersjournal.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/11/23/the-way-we-ate-the-year-harry-truman-passed-on-pumpkin-pie/. live.
  22. Web site: Thanksgiving, Truman and turkey: Here's how Americans almost had a turkey-free holiday . fox61.com . November 28, 2019 . March 31, 2022 . April 7, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230407070923/https://www.fox61.com/article/news/thanksgiving-truman-and-turkey-heres-how-americans-almost-had-a-turkey-free-holiday/520-0cff3184-bdc5-47c6-b105-f1ba56567d4e . live .
  23. Web site: Turkey became the Thanksgiving tradition . HHJ Online . 22 November 2017 . March 31, 2022 . April 7, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230407070925/https://hhjonline.com/turkey-became-the-thanksgiving-tradition-p10601-95.htm . live .
  24. The Boston "Chronotype," Oct. 1, 1846 edition
  25. Web site: Leo, the Royal cadet [microform]: Cameron, George Frederick, 1854-1885: Free Download & Streaming: Internet Archive |date=March 10, 2001 |access-date=August 19, 2010|location=Kingston, Ontario|publisher=s.n. ].
  26. Web site: 2010 World Record Pumpkin Pie. Pumpkin Nook. January 5, 2011. October 9, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201009184814/http://www.pumpkinnook.com/giants/pumpkinpierecord.htm. live.
  27. Web site: Largest pie, pumpkin . 2022-04-02 . Guinness World Records . en-gb . 2022-03-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220308103909/https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/largest-pie-pumpkin . live .

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