Pump Up the Jam explained

Pump Up the Jam
Cover:Pump Up the Jam by Technotronic original 1989 single (common variant).png
Caption:Common variant of the standard artwork
Type:single
Artist:Technotronic
Album:Pump Up the Jam: The Album
Released:18 August 1989
Genre:
Length:5:20
Label:
Producer:Thomas De Quincey
Next Title:Get Up! (Before the Night Is Over)
Next Year:1990

"Pump Up the Jam" is the opening track on Belgian act Technotronic's first album, Pump Up the Jam: The Album (1989). It was released as a single on 18 August 1989 by Swanyard and SBK Records, and was a worldwide hit, reaching number two in the United Kingdom in late 1989 and on the US Billboard Hot 100 in early 1990. It also peaked at number-one in Belgium, Finland, Iceland, Portugal and Spain. "Pump Up the Jam" has been described as a fusion of hip hop and deep house elements, as an early example of the hip house genre,[4] and it has been considered the first house song to become a hit in the US.[5]

Technotronic's vocalist Ya Kid K was initially overshadowed by Congolese model Felly Kilingi, who appears lip-syncing in the music video and was featured on the first album cover as a marketing tactic.[6] Ya Kid K was ultimately recognized upon a U.S. tour and a repackaged album cover that featured her instead of Felly.[7] In 2005, the song was remixed by DJ-producer D.O.N.S. and reached number one on the British Dance Chart. The Guardian featured the song on their "A History of Modern Music: Dance" in 2011.[8] In 2020, Slant Magazine ranked it at number 40 in their list of "The 100 Best Dance Songs of All Time".

Background and release

Belgian musician, songwriter, and record producer Jo Bogaert had previously had a few successes in his native Belgium, but struggled with exporting the music to other countries. Since some of his previous dance records had experienced popularity in American clubs, he was therefore determined to have a hit in the US. He told in an interview with Los Angeles Times, "It was very difficult for us to export music to other countries. But some of my dance records were popular in U.S. dance clubs and I knew that if I hooked up with the right people, I could make a record that would be a hit in the U.S."[6] After meeting Congolese–Belgian singer and songwriter Ya Kid K (a.k.a. Manuela Barbara Kamosi Moaso Djogi) and British rapper MC Eric (a.k.a. Eric Martin), Bogaert used Ya Kid K's lyrics and vocals and they constructed what would become "Pump Up the Jam", a fresh, compelling fusion of hip hop and deep house elements.[7]

On the unexpected success of the song, Bogaert commented, "I knew, yeah, this was a good track, but my farthest expectation was that it would be a club hit."[9] Martin later told, "The hairs on my arms stood up and I knew that it was history."[7] On the release, Bogaert is credited as producer (as Thomas de Quincey). The song was picked up for US release by SBK Records. Although it used Ya Kid K's lyrics and voice on the track, it was Congolese model Felly Kilingi who was pictured on the album and in the accompanying music video. The reason was because the Belgian ARS record company, who bought the rights to the song, wanted a face fronting it. Ya Kid K was in a hip-hop band at the time, still going to school and did not want to do the promotion and video. ARS then came up with the idea of having Felly promoting the record, and being on the record sleeve.[10]

Critical reception

Bill Coleman from Billboard complimented "Pump Up the Jam" as "yet another uptempo club track that doesn't try to be anything but a party song. Memorable hook both instrumentally and in the chorus keeps the crowd humming and is sure to find success stateside when it's released imminently on SBK Records."[11] Harry Sumrall from Knight Ridder felt it has "a beat the size of Boston, but Felly also sings with an unstoppable R&B swagger."[12] Dennis Hunt from Los Angeles Times named it "a hyperkinetic, booming-bass number that may be the most popular dance-club tune since M.A.R.R.S.' 'Pump Up the Volume'."[6] Bob Stanley from Melody Maker wrote, "Not only was it a compelling dance music track with a chorus so contagious it could keep you awake at night, it also formed part of the best Top Three in years when it was sandwiched between Black Box and Sidney Youngblood."[13]

Diana Valois from The Morning Call described it as a "sensuous groove" that "featured an irresistible bass line that threatened to start an avalanches; unleashed in the clubs, it motivated happy dancers instead."[14] Pan-European magazine Music & Media commented, "A really hot hip/house track by Technotronic. This track is more than just a beat because of Felly's seductive voice. Another great track from the home of hithouse."[15] David Hinckley from New York Daily News complimented it as "catchy".[16] Parry Gettelman from The Sentinel remarked the song's "throbbing mixture of house music and Euro-disco".[17] Another editor, Rosemary Banks Harris, felt the sound is "intoxicating".[18] A reviewer from People Magazine wrote that the song "is so enticing, the production so crisp and precise, that most people would have to put on a straitjacket to keep from bouncing around to the beat."[19] Gary Graff from The Province described it as "simple, spare and relentlessly rhythmic".[20]

Chart performance

"Pump Up the Jam" proved to be very successful on the charts on several continents. It reached number-one in Belgium, Finland, Iceland, Portugal, and Spain. In addition, the single also reached number two in Austria, the Netherlands, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and Western-Germany. On the UK Singles Chart, it reached that position in its sixth week, on October 1, 1989. On the Eurochart Hot 100, it went to number three same month.

Outside Europe, "Pump Up the Jam" peaked at number four in Canada, but made it to number-one on the RPM Dance/Urban chart. It also reached number-one on the US Billboard Hot Dance Club Play chart and the Cash Box Top 100. On the Billboard Hot 100, it reached number two, being held off the top spot by Michael Bolton's "How Am I Supposed to Live Without You". The single was recognized by the magazine as the US number-one single in sales point, but since Bolton's song had a lead in airplay points, it was given the top position on the Hot 100 chart.[21] In Australia and New Zealand, the single reached number four, while it peaked at number-one also in Zimbabwe.

It was awarded with a gold record in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, after 40,000 and 400,000 singles were sold. Additionally, it also earned a silver record in France (125,000), and a platinum record in Australia (70,000) and the United States (1,000,000).

Music video

A music video was produced to promote the single, having model Felly Kilingi lip synching the vocals, while dancing, wearing different costumes throughout the video. Catherine Texier for New York Times commented, "Technotronic's "Pump Up the Jam", as commercial as it is, features a sweaty Felly who's all power and muscles, and even though her leotard shows a lot of breast and thigh, her message is more athletic than sexual, or, if it is sex, she's the one pumping the jam."[22] The video was later published by Vevo on YouTube.

Retrospective response

AllMusic editor Alex Henderson described "Pump Up the Jam" as "highly infectious".[23] British NME ranked the song number four in their list of "Top Five Euro-Hits of All Time" in December 1993, writing, "The late '80s, and the Top Ten gets invaded by a record which has a video consisting only of endless footage of outer space. A nation is baffled. Thumping techno-pop at its most compelling."[24] In 1994, Nicole Leedham from The Canberra Times remarked that the song and its follow-up, "Get Up! (Before the Night Is Over)", were pushing the envelope of dance music in the late '80s.[25] In 2004, Stylus Magazine writer Nick Southall named the song "Belgium's finest club banger".[26] An editor of Complex stated that it was the first house track to crack into the mainstream, adding it as "the perfect track at the perfect time."[27] In 2018, Insomniac said it's "one of the best dance songs of all time, because—while it should have disappeared in our cultural memory as a sort of punchline or joke or some one-hit wonder—it's still an infinitely playable tune that works in literally any dancefloor context. It doesn't get old, for some reason, and continues to thrive to this day. It's dancefloor perfection."[28] Josh Baines from Vice called it "a towering masterpiece."[29]

The 2022 mockumentary television series Cunk on Earth repeatedly refers to the song, correctly noting that every important event in the history of humanity has happened before, or after, the 1989 release of Belgian techno anthem "Pump Up the Jam."[30]

Accolades

YearPublisherCountryAccoladeRank
1989The FaceUnited Kingdom"Recordings of the Year" (Singles)[31] 30 (40)
1993NMEUnited Kingdom"Top Five Euro-Hits of All Time"4
1995LifeUnited States"The Best Recordings of the 90's"[32]
2005Bruce PollockUnited States"The 7,500 Most Important Songs of 1944-2000"[33]
2010Robert DimeryUnited States"1,001 Songs You Must Hear Before You Die"[34]
2011The GuardianUnited Kingdom"A History of Modern Music: Dance"
2013ComplexUnited States"15 Songs That Gave Dance Music a Good Name"
2015Les InrockuptiblesFrance"1000 morceaux indispensables"[35]
2017BuzzFeedUnited States"The 101 Greatest Dance Songs of the '90s"[36] 21
2018Time OutUnited Kingdom"The 100 Best Party Songs"[37] 32
2019BillboardUnited States"Billboards Top Songs of the '90s"[38] 83
2020Slant MagazineUnited States"The 100 Best Dance Songs of All Time"[39] 40
2022Time OutUnited Kingdom"The 100 Best Party Songs Ever Made"[40] 17
2022BillboardUnited States"The Biggest No. 2 Hot 100 Hits of All Time"[41] 47
2024BillboardUnited States"The 100 Greatest Jock Jams of All Time"[42] 51
(*) indicates the list is unordered.

Track listing

Multiple versions and re-releases were produced for the "Pump Up the Jam" singles.

  1. Pump Up The Jam (7" Version) – 3:36
  2. Pump Up The Jam (Jam Edit Mix) – 5:00
  1. 7" Version – 3:38
  2. Vocal Attack – 5:26
  3. Jam Edit Mix – 4:58
  4. Original Mix – 5:03
  1. Tin Tin Out Of the Radio Mix – 3:52
  2. Dancing Divaz Radio Mix – 3:51
  3. London Jam – 4:58
  4. Tin Tin Out Of the Club Mix – 7:16
  5. Dancing Divaz Master Mix – 5:33
  1. Dancing Divas Radio Mix – 3:52
  2. Dancing Divas Master Mix – 5:35
  3. Sequential One Club Mix – 5:16
  4. Tin Tin Out Club Mix – 7:17
  5. Sequential One Radio Mix – 3:36
  6. Tin Tin Out Radio Mix – 3:52
  7. Sol Brothers Pumpin Mix – 8:19
  8. Pulsar Village Mix – 5:52
  1. U.S. Mix – 6:53
  2. Sunshine Mix – 4:39
  3. Hithouse Mix – 7:52
  4. The Punami Mix – 6:18
  5. Todd Terry Dome Mix – 5:24
  6. Top FM Mix – 4:41
  7. Vocal Attack Mix – 5:22
  8. B-Room Mix – 4:52
  9. Red Zone Mix – 7:27
  10. Scuffed Prophecy Mix – 3:03
  1. U.S. Mix by David Morales – 6:56
  2. Sunshine Mix by David Morales – 4:41
  3. Hithouse Mix by Peter "Hithouse" Slaghuis – 7:56
  4. Top FM Mix by Kevin J. and R. Cue – 4:44
  5. The Punami Mix by The Wing Command – 6:20
  6. B-Room Mix by David Morales – 4:53
  7. Manouche Jazz Remix by The Lost Fingers – 3:49
  1. Tin Tin Out Radio Mix – 3:51
  2. Sol Brothers Pumpin' Mix – 8:18
  3. Dancing Divas Mix – 8:12
  4. Seventies Jam Part 2 – 5:28
  5. Sol Brothers Deep Vocal Mix – 7:58
  6. Pulsar Village Mix – 5:50
  1. Tin Tin Out Radio Mix – 3:51
  2. Sequential One Radio Mix – 3:34
  3. Pulsar Radio Mix – 3:15
  4. Village Mix – 5:51
  5. Dancing Divaz Master Mix – 5:34
  6. Sequential One Club Mix – 5:15

Charts

Weekly charts

Chart (1989–1990)Peak
position
Canada Retail Sales (RPM)[43] 1
Europe (Eurochart Hot 100)[44] 3
Finland (Suomen virallinen lista)[45] 2
Greece (IFPI)[46] 1
Iceland (Íslenski Listinn Topp 10)[47] 1
Italy (Musica e dischi)[48] 4
Portugal (AFP)[49] 1
Spain (AFYVE)[50] 1
US Hot Dance Club Play (Billboard)[51] 1
US Hot Dance Music/Maxi-Singles Sales (Billboard)1
US Cash Box Top 100[52] 1
Zimbabwe (ZIMA)[53] 1
Chart (2005)3Peak
position
Australia (ARIA Charts)[55] 77
US Hot Dance Singles Sales (Billboard24

Year-end charts

Chart (1989)Position
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders)[56] 2
Europe (Eurochart Hot 100 Singles)[57] 7
Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)[58] 21
Netherlands (Single Top 100)[59] 12
UK Singles (OCC)[60] [61] 8
West Germany (Official German Charts)[62] 24
Chart (1990)Position
Australia (ARIA)[63] 27
Canada Top Singles (RPM)[64] 55
Canada Dance/Urban (RPM)[65] 38
Europe (Eurochart Hot 100 Singles)[66] 79
Germany (Official German Charts)[67] 36
Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)[68] 17
US Billboard Hot 100[69] 13
US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard)[70] 79

All-time charts

M.C. Sar & the Real McCoy version

Pump Up the Jam
Cover:M.C. Sar & The Real McCoy Pump Up The Jam.jpeg
Caption:One of the variants of 1989 standard artwork
Type:single
Artist:M.C. Sar & the Real McCoy
Album:On the Move!
Released:1989
Length:5:58
Label:ZYX
Producer:
  • Juergen Wind
  • Quickmix
Next Title:It's on You
Next Year:1990

In 1989, ZYX Records released a cover version of "Pump Up the Jam" by M.C. Sar & the Real McCoy. The single reached number 16 in West Germany and number 100 on the Dutch Single Top 100.

Track listing

  1. "Pump Up the Jam" (Original Rap Version) – 5:58
  2. "Pump Up the Jam" (Jam-Jam Quick House Version) – 5:43
  3. "Pump Up the Jam" (Acapella) — 1:46
  4. "Pump Up the Jam" (Freshbeats and Pieces) – 1:06
  5. "Get Funky" – 4:02
  1. "Pump Up the Jam" (Original Rap Version – Edit) – 3:51
  2. "Get Funky" – 4:02
  1. "Pump Up the Jam – Rap '98" (radio mix) – 3:20
  2. "Pump Up the Jam – Rap '98" (extended mix) – 4:29
  3. "Pump Up the Jam – Rap '98" (derezon remix) – 3:48
  4. "Pump Up the Jam – Rap '98" (beats and pieces) – 1:31
  5. "Pump Up the Jam – Rap '98" (original US remix '98) – 6:13
  6. "Da Dome" – 3:54

Charts

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Tom . Breihan . The Number Ones: Michael Bolton’s "How Am I Supposed To Live Without You. . September 1, 2021 . December 2, 2023. Technotronic’s...hip-house throb “Pump Up The Jam” peaked at #2 behind “How Am I Supposed To Live Without You.
  2. News: Sebastian . Leber . Die entstaubte Bassdrum . . 20 December 2007 . 9 April 2014 . de . 9 April 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140409105323/http://www.tagesspiegel.de/kultur/tagestipps/raum-patrouille-die-entstaubte-bassdrum/1124406.html . live .
  3. Web site: Pump up the Jam: Het verhaal van een wereldhit die ontstond in de traphal . 7 March 2018 .
  4. Book: Vladimir . Bogdanov . Vladimir Bogdanov (editor) . 2003 . All Music Guide to Hip-hop: The Definitive Guide to Rap & Hip-hop . . 568 . registration . 978-0-8793-0759-2 . Back then, hip-house tunes like Technotronic's 'Pump Up the Jam,' ... and AB Logic's 'The Hitman' were finding their way to pop stations..
  5. Frank . Owen . Belgium in the House . . March 1990 . 5 . 12 . 21 . 0886-3032 . 5 February 2018 . 8 February 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220208104938/https://books.google.com/books?id=CuD_QHQ-2KEC&pg=PA21 . live .
  6. News: Dennis . Hunt . Technotronic's Bogaert Is Pumped Up by U.S. Hit . . 15 April 1990 . 25 March 2015 . 2 April 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150402184337/http://articles.latimes.com/1990-04-15/entertainment/ca-1652_1_dance-music . live .
  7. News: Annabel . Ross . 'Pump up the Jam' mix master in the house . . 14 June 2013 . 25 March 2015 . 24 September 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150924162027/http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/pump-up-the-jam-mix-master-in-the-house-20130614-2o803.html . live .
  8. News: A History of Modern Music: Dance . . 12 March 2017 . 26 August 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170826030753/https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2011/jun/15/dance-music-playlist-download . live .
  9. Mills, David (16 March 1990). "Groovin': Is 'House' Headed For Top 40?". St. Louis Post-Dispatch.
  10. Leland, John (23 March 1990). "Technotronic Rocks the House". Newsdays.
  11. Bill. Coleman. Europe Jams With Rutherford, Chimes, Italian House. Billboard. 2 September 1989. 25. 13 June 2024.
  12. News: Harry . Sumrall . Strummer is all sound and fury . . 10 . 22 December 1989 . 11 March 2020 . 16 June 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220616212143/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=URhXAAAAIBAJ&sjid=8fkDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6092%2C3278262 . live .
  13. Bob . Stanley . Albums > Technotronic: Pump Up the Jam . . 28 . 20 January 1990 . 6 March 2020 . 16 June 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220616212141/https://archivedmusicpress.files.wordpress.com/2008/09/simon-reyolds-reviews-a-glided-eternity-by-loop-20th-jan-1990.jpg . live . Bob Stanley (musician) .
  14. News: Diana . Valois . Records . . 13 January 1990 . A66.
  15. Talent: Promising Acts . . 6 . 32 . 12 August 1989 . 21 . 25 September 2020 . 21 August 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200821194359/https://worldradiohistory.com/UK/Music-and-Media/80s/1989/M%26M-1989-08-12.pdf . live .
  16. News: David . Hinckley . 'Pump Up the Jam' sings along with rap . . 1C . 29 March 1990 . 16 March 2020 . 16 June 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220616212143/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=6VlFAAAAIBAJ&sjid=3LsMAAAAIBAJ&pg=3872%2C5195607 . live .
  17. Gettelman, Parry (5 January 1990). "Technotronic". The Sentinel.
  18. News: Rosemary . Banks Harris . House sound Pumps Up the Club Set . . 30 June 1990 . 27 March 2020 . 27 March 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200327204041/https://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/os-xpm-1990-06-30-9006290402-story.html . live .
  19. Picks and Pans Review: Pump Up the Jam . . 33 . 5 . 5 February 1990 . 9 March 2020 . 16 June 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220616212143/https://people.com/archive/picks-and-pans-review-pump-up-the-jam-vol-33-no-5/ . live .
  20. Graff, Gary (2 April 1990). "'House music' finds an audience". The Province.
  21. Michael . Ellis . Hot 100 Singles Spotlight . . 102 . 3 . 77 . 20 January 1990 . 21 November 2021 . 24 September 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210924201036/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Billboard/90s/1990/BB-1990-01-20.pdf . live .
  22. Texier, Catherine (22 April 1990). "TV View: Have Women Surrendered In MTV's Battle of the Sexes?". New York Times.
  23. Web site: Alex . Henderson . Technotronic – Pump Up the Jam: The Album . . 6 March 2020 . 21 September 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190921024510/https://www.allmusic.com/album/pump-up-the-jam-the-album-mw0000203369 . live .
  24. Paul. Moody. I'd Rather Jacques.... NME. 25 December 1993. 53. 18 July 2023.
  25. News: Nicole . Leedham . The working class angst . . 6 . 14 May 1994 . 26 April 2020 . 15 November 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191115014837/https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/118157857 . live .
  26. Web site: Nick . Southall . Top Ten Songs I Loved to Dance To at The School Disco (Aged 12) . . 10 March 2004 . 7 August 2015 . 24 September 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150924120712/http://www.stylusmagazine.com/articles/staff_top_10/top-ten-songs-i-loved-to-dance-to-at-the-school-disco-aged-12.htm . live .
  27. Nappy . 15 Songs That Gave Dance Music a Good Name . . 12 July 2013 . 8 April 2020 . 17 September 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200917170010/https://www.complex.com/music/2013/07/15-songs-that-gave-dance-music-a-good-name/ . live .
  28. Web site: Jonny . Coleman . Technotronic "Pump Up the Jam" . . 21 June 2018 . 6 March 2020 . 27 September 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200927075423/https://www.insomniac.com/music/technotronic-pump-up-the-jam/ . live .
  29. Josh . Baines . Is This Actually 'The Best Dance Album in the World... Ever'? . . 23 March 2016 . 16 April 2020 . 16 June 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220616212144/https://www.vice.com/en/article/d7jdyw/virgin-best-dance-album-ever-review . live .
  30. News: Pandya . Hershal . February 10, 2023 . Cunk on Earth Is So Perfectly Stupid . . February 11, 2023.
  31. Web site: 1989 – The Face Recordings of the Year . . Rocklist.net . 27 March 2014 . 19 February 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200219134425/http://www.rocklistmusic.co.uk/village7080.htm#1982 . live .
  32. Web site: The Best Recordings of the 90's . . 27 March 2014 . dead . 13 June 2002 . https://web.archive.org/web/20020613014747/http://www.life.com/Life/rocknroll/albums/1990s.html.
  33. Book: Pollock, Bruce . 2005 . The Rock Song Index: The 7500 Most Important Songs of the Rock and Roll Era . 2nd . Routledge . 289 . 0-415-97073-3 . 7 November 2019 . 17 April 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220417000026/https://books.google.com/books?id=GxYiAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA289 . live .
  34. Book: Robert . Dimery . 2011 . 2010 . 1001 Songs You Must Hear Before You Die . 10,001 Songs You Must Hear… . . 978-1-84403-684-4.
  35. Morceaux indispensables: classique . 2015 . . fr . 28 April 2020 . 15 January 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200115200642/http://top1000.lesinrocks.com/classique/ . live .
  36. Web site: Matt . Stopera . Brian . Galindo . The 101 Greatest Dance Songs of the '90s . . 11 March 2017 . 5 October 2018 . 13 March 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170313055943/https://www.buzzfeed.com/mjs538/jump-to-the-rhythm-jump-jump-to-the-rhythm-jump . live .
  37. The 100 best party songs . . 8 March 2018 . 4 October 2018 . 30 October 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201030172731/https://www.timeout.com/london/music/best-party-songs . live .
  38. Greatest of All Time: Billboard's Top Songs of the '90s . . 2019 . 1 May 2022 . 16 June 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220616212143/https://www.billboard.com/charts/greatest-billboards-top-songs-90s/ . live .
  39. Web site: The 100 Best Dance Songs of All Time . . 15 June 2020 . 27 July 2020 . 4 December 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201204095044/https://www.slantmagazine.com/music/100-greatest-dance-songs/ . live .
  40. Nick . Levine . The 100 best party songs ever made . . 21 January 2022 . 1 May 2022 . 16 June 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220616212144/https://www.timeout.com/music/best-party-songs . live .
  41. Trevor . Anderson . The Biggest No. 2 Hot 100 Hits of All Time . . 22 February 2022 . 1 May 2022 . 16 March 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220316054639/https://www.billboard.com/music/chart-beat/biggest-number-2-hot-100-hits-all-time-1235026339/ . live .
  42. Billboard Staff. The 100 Greatest Jock Jams of All Time. Billboard. 8 February 2024. 25 May 2024.
  43. RPM 30 Retail Sales . 51 . 7 . 16 December 1989 . . . 4 April 2018 . 16 June 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220616212147/https://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/discover/films-videos-sound-recordings/rpm/Pages/image.aspx?Image=nlc008388.6675&URLjpg=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.collectionscanada.gc.ca%2Fobj%2F028020%2Ff4%2Fnlc008388.6675.gif&Ecopy=nlc008388.6675 . live .
  44. Eurochart Hot 100 Singles . . 6 . 41 . 14 October 1989 . IV . 26 March 2018 .
  45. Book: Nyman, Jake . 2005 . Suomi soi 4: Suuri suomalainen listakirja . 1st . Tammi . Helsinki . 951-31-2503-3 . fi.
  46. Top 3 Singles in Europe . . 6 . 51 . 23 December 1989 . VII . 6 May 2022 . 6 February 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220206134618/https://worldradiohistory.com/UK/Music-and-Media/80s/1989/M%26M-1989-12-23.pdf . live .
  47. Topp 10 . Dagblaðið Vísir . 34 . 17 November 1989 . 24 July 2018 . is.
  48. Web site: Classifiche. Musica e Dischi. it. 30 May 2022. 1 December 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161201160637/http://musicaedischi.it/classifiche_archivio.php. live. Set "Tipo" on "Singoli". Then, in the "Artista" field, search "Technotronic".
  49. Top 3 Singles in Europe . . 7 . 14 . 7 April 1990 . VII . 22 March 2018 .
  50. Book: Salaverri, Fernando . September 2005 . Sólo éxitos: año a año, 1959–2002 . 1st . Fundación Autor-SGAE . Spain . 84-8048-639-2 . es.
  51. Web site: Pump Up the Jam: The Album – Awards . . 31 January 2014 . 14 March 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160314203638/http://www.allmusic.com/album/pump-up-the-jam-the-album-mw0000203369/awards.
  52. CASH BOX Top 100 Pop Singles – Week ending JANUARY 20, 1990 . . 8 October 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20121008000220/http://cashboxmagazine.com/archives/90s_files/19900120.html.
  53. Book: Kimberley, Chris . 2000 . Zimbabwe : Zimbabwe Singles Chart Book . Harare.
  54. Eurochart Hot 100 Singles . . 13 . 51/52 . 21 December 1996 . 25 . 26 June 2018 .
  55. 85.
  56. Web site: Jaaroverzichten 1989 . Ultratop. Hung Medien . 31 January 2014 . nl . 12 June 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180612140447/http://www.ultratop.be/nl/annual.asp?year=1989 . live .
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