Pump handle movement explained

Pump-handle is a movement of the ribs that results in a change in the anteroposterior diameter of the thorax.[1]

Definition

One of the most important functions of the ribs and diaphragm is the change in volume of the thorax that helps inspiration and expiration.[2] In general, the ribs move around two axes.[1] The anterior end of the rib is lower than the posterior end; therefore, during elevation of the rib, the anterior end also moves forwards. Movement at costovertebral joints 2 to 6 about a side-to-side axis results in raising and lowering the sternal end of the rib, the "pump-handle" movement. This occurs mostly in the vertebrosternal ribs. In elevation, this increases the anteroposterior diameter of the thorax.[1] [3]

See also

References

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Chapter 20: The thoracic wall and mediastinum . www.dartmouth.edu . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20050226030903/http://www.dartmouth.edu/~humananatomy/part_4/chapter_20.html . 2005-02-26.
  2. Drake, Richard L.; Vogl, Wayne; Tibbitts, Adam W.M. Mitchell; illustrations by Richard; Richardson, Paul (2005). Gray's anatomy for students. Philadelphia: Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone. .
  3. Web site: Figure 20-7 . www.dartmouth.edu . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20061208212305/http://www.dartmouth.edu/~humananatomy/figures/chapter_20/20-7.HTM . 2006-12-08.