Pterostylis recurva commonly known as the jug orchid, recurved shell orchid, antelope orchid or bull orchid, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a relatively common orchid which has up to four jug-shaped or funnel-shaped white flowers with green and brown lines and markings. Non-flowering plants have a rosette of leaves on a short stalk.
Pterostylis recurva, is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber. Non-flowering plants have a rosette of between three and seven leaves NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long and NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide. Flowering plants lack a rosette but have between ten and sixteen stem leaves which are NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long and NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide with their bases wrapped around the flowering stem. Up to four white flowers with green and brown lines are borne on the flowering stem which is NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 high. The flowers are jug-shaped or funnel-shaped, NaNsigfig=2NaNsigfig=2 long and NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide. The dorsal sepal and petals form a hood or "galea" over the column with the dorsal sepal having a narrow tip NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long. The lateral sepals are joined for about half their length and suddenly taper to narrow tips NaNsigfig=2NaNsigfig=2 long which turn sharply downwards. The labellum is reddish, insect-like and held inside the flower except for its tip. Flowering occurs from August to October.[1] [2] [3]
Pterostylis recurva was first formally described in 1873 by George Bentham and the description was published in Flora Australiensis.[4] [5] The specific epithet (recurva) is a Latin word meaning "bent backward"[6] referring to the downcurved lateral sepals.
The jug orchid is found in woodland, shrubland, forest and in shallow soil on granite outcrops. It grows in sand, clay, laterite and gravel soils and is common and widespread between Geraldton and Israelite Bay.
Pterostylis recurva is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.