| Province of Rome | |
| Native Name: | Provincia di Roma |
| Native Name Lang: | it |
| Settlement Type: | Province |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: |  Italy |
| Subdivision Type1: | Region |
| Subdivision Name1: | Lazio |
| Seat Type: | Capital(s) |
| Seat: | Rome |
| Parts Type: | Comuni |
| Parts Style: | para |
| Unit Pref: | Metric UK |
| Area Total Km2: | 5,352 |
| Population Total: | 4,336,251 |
| Population As Of: | 31 July 2015 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Timezone1: | CET |
| Utc Offset1: | +01:00 |
| Timezone1 Dst: | CEST |
| Utc Offset1 Dst: | +02:00 |
| Postal Code Type: | Postal code |
| Postal Code: | n/a |
| Area Code Type: | Telephone prefix |
| Area Code: | 06,667,3898 |
| Registration Plate: | RM |
| Blank Name Sec1: | ISTAT |
| Blank Info Sec1: | 058 |
The province of Rome (Italian: provincia di Roma) was one of the five provinces that formed part of the Lazio region of Italy. It was established in 1870 and disestablished in 2014. It was essentially coterminous with the Rome metropolitan area. The city of Rome was the provincial capital. During the 1920s, the boundary of the province shrank as land was ceded to establish new provinces. The province of Rome was the most populous province in Italy. On 1 January 2015, it was superseded by a new local government body—the Metropolitan City of Rome Capital.[1]
Prior to 1870, the area of the province was the Papal States. Following the Capture of Rome by the forces of the Kingdom of Italy, the province of Rome was established. The province was initially divided into five "districts" (Italian: circondari or Italian: circondario): Rome, Civitavecchia, Frosinone, Velletri and Viterbo. They corresponded to the old papal delegazioni.
In 1923 the district of Rieti, formerly part of the province of Perugia, was annexed to that of Rome. In 1927 the provincial territory was reduced through the creation of new provinces: Frosinone, Rieti and Viterbo. After a few months, the comuni (municipalities) of Amaseno, Castro dei Volsci and Vallecorsa also were annexed to the province of Frosinone, while Monte Romano was annexed to that of Viterbo. In 1934 the provincial territory lost its southern part, which became the new province of Latina.