Project MKOFTEN was a covert U.S. Department of Defense program developed in conjunction with the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) sometime in the late 1960s. A partner or descendant program of MKSEARCH, the goal of MKOFTEN was to "test the behavioral and toxicological effects of certain drugs on animals and humans".[1] Testing of these drugs was done on animals, prisoners at Holmesburg Prison in Philadelphia, and military personnel at Edgewood Arsenal.