| Progress 12 | |||||||||
| Mission Type: | Salyut 6 resupply | ||||||||
| Cospar Id: | 1981-007A | ||||||||
| Satcat: | 12152[1] | ||||||||
| Spacecraft: | Progress (No.113) | ||||||||
| Spacecraft Type: | Progress 7K-TG[2] | ||||||||
| Manufacturer: | NPO Energia | ||||||||
| Launch Date: | 24 January 1981, 14:18:02 UTC | ||||||||
| Launch Rocket: | Soyuz-U | ||||||||
| Launch Site: | Baikonur, Site 1/5 | ||||||||
| Docking: |
| ||||||||
| Disposal Type: | Deorbited | ||||||||
| Decay Date: | 20 March 1981, 16:59 UTC | ||||||||
| Orbit Epoch: | 24 January 1981 | ||||||||
| Orbit Reference: | Geocentric | ||||||||
| Orbit Regime: | Low Earth | ||||||||
| Orbit Periapsis: | 247 km | ||||||||
| Orbit Apoapsis: | 308 km | ||||||||
| Orbit Inclination: | 51.7° | ||||||||
| Orbit Period: | 90.0 minutes | ||||||||
| Apsis: | gee | ||||||||
| Programme: | Progress (spacecraft) | ||||||||
| Previous Mission: | Progress 11 | ||||||||
| Next Mission: | Progress 13 | ||||||||
Progress 12 was a Soviet unmanned Progress cargo spacecraft, which was launched in January 1981 to resupply the Salyut 6 space station.
Progress 12 was a Progress 7K-TG spacecraft. The twelfth of forty three to be launched, it had the serial number 113.[4] [5] The Progress 7K-TG spacecraft was the first generation Progress, derived from the Soyuz 7K-T and intended for uncrewed logistics missions to space stations in support of the Salyut programme. On some missions the spacecraft was also used to adjust the orbit of the space station.
The Progress spacecraft had a dry mass of, which increased to around when fully fuelled. It measured in length, and in diameter. Each spacecraft could accommodate up to of payload, consisting of dry cargo and propellant. The spacecraft was powered by chemical batteries, and could operate in free flight for up to three days, remaining docked to the station for up to thirty.[6]
Progress 12 launched on 24 January 1981 from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in the Kazakh SSR. It used a Soyuz-U rocket.[7]
Progress 12 docked with the aft port of Salyut 6 on 26 January 1981 at 15:56 UTC, and was undocked on 19 March 1981 at 18:14 UTC.[8]
It remained in orbit until 20 March 1981, when it was deorbited. The deorbit burn occurred at 16:59 UTC.