Pritzker Architecture Prize Explained

Pritzker Architecture Prize
Current Awards:Riken Yamamoto
Awarded For:A career of achievement in the art of architecture
Reward:US$100,000
Sponsor:Hyatt Foundation
Year2:2024

The Pritzker Architecture Prize is an international architecture award presented annually "to honor a living architect or architects whose built work demonstrates a combination of those qualities of talent, vision and commitment which has produced consistent and significant contributions to humanity and the built environment through the art of architecture.” Founded in 1979 by Jay A. Pritzker and his wife Cindy, the award is funded by the Pritzker family and sponsored by the Hyatt Foundation. It is considered to be one of the world's premier architecture prizes, and is often referred to as the Nobel Prize of architecture.[1] [2] [3]

Criteria and proceedings

The Pritzker Architecture Prize Jury says it is awarded "irrespective of nationality, race, creed, or ideology".[4] The recipients receive US$100,000, a citation certificate, and, since 1987, a bronze medallion.[5] The designs on the medal are inspired by the work of architect Louis Sullivan, while the Latin inspired inscription on the reverse of the medallion—firmitas, utilitas, venustas (English: firmness, commodity and delight)—is from Ancient Roman architect Vitruvius. Before 1987, a limited edition Henry Moore sculpture accompanied the monetary prize.[5]

The Executive Director of the prize, Manuela Lucá-Dazio,[6] solicits nominations from a range of people, including past Laureates, academics, critics and others "with expertise and interest in the field of architecture".[4] Any licensed architect can also make a personal application for the prize before November 1 every year. (In 1988 Gordon Bunshaft nominated himself for the award and eventually won it.)[7] The jury, consisting of five to nine "experts ... recognized professionals in their own fields of architecture, business, education, publishing, and culture", deliberates and early in the following year announce the winner.[4] The prize Chair is the 2016 Pritzker laureate Alejandro Aravena; earlier chairs were J. Carter Brown (1979–2002), the Lord Rothschild (2003–2004), the Lord Palumbo (2005–2015), Glenn Murcutt (2016–2018) and Stephen Breyer (2019–2020).[8]

Laureates

Inaugural winner Philip Johnson was cited "for 50 years of imagination and vitality embodied in a myriad of museums, theaters, libraries, houses, gardens and corporate structures".[9] The 2004 laureate Zaha Hadid was the first female prize winner.[10] Ryue Nishizawa became the youngest winner in 2010 at age 44.[11] Partners in architecture (in 2001, Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron, in 2010, Kazuyo Sejima and Ryue Nishizawa, in 2020, Yvonne Farrell and Shelley McNamara, and in 2021, Anne Lacaton and Jean-Philippe Vassal) have shared the award. In 1988, Gordon Bunshaft and Oscar Niemeyer were both separately honored with the award.[12] The 2017 winners, architects Rafael Aranda, Carme Pigem, and Ramon Vilalta were the first group of three to share the prize.[13] [14]

Year ! scope=col
Laureate(s)scope=colNationality scope=col class="unsortable" style:text-align=centerPhoto scope=col class="unsortable" colspan=2Example work (year completed)scope=colAward ceremony location scope=col class="unsortable" style:text-align=center width=1%Ref.
1979 scope=rowUnited States Glass House (1949)Dumbarton Oaks, Washington DC [15]
1980 scope=rowMexico Cuadra San Cristóbal (1968)Dumbarton Oaks, Washington DC [16]
1981scope=rowUnited Kingdom Seeley Historical Library (1968) National Building Museum, Washington DC [17]
1982 scope=rowIreland
United States 		Ford Foundation Building (1967)
1983 scope=rowUnited States National Gallery of Art, East Building (1978) Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City
1984 scope=rowUnited States High Museum of Art (1983)National Gallery of Art, Washington DC
1985scope=rowAustria Abteiberg Museum (1982) The Huntington Library, San Marino, California
1986 scope=rowGermany
(West Germany) 		Church of the Pilgrimage (1968)Worshipful Company of Goldsmiths, London
1987scope=rowJapan St. Mary's Cathedral, Tokyo (1964) Kimbell Art Museum, Fort Worth, Texas [18]
1988 scope=row
(shared prize) 		United States Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library (1963) [19]
scope=row
(shared prize) 		Brazil Cathedral of Brasília (1958)
1989 scope=rowCanada
United States 		Gehry Residence (1978)Tōdai-ji, Nara, Japan [20]
1990 scope=rowItaly San Cataldo Cemetery (1978)Palazzo Grassi, Venice [21]
1991 scope=rowUnited States National Gallery, Sainsbury Wing (1991) Palace of Iturbide, Mexico City [22]
1992 scope=rowPortugal Leça Swimming Pools (1966) Harold Washington Library, Chicago [23]
1993 scope=rowJapan Tokyo Metropolitan Gymnasium (1991)
1994 scope=rowFrance City of Music (1995)[24]
1995 scope=rowJapan Church of the Light (1989)Petit Trianon, Versailles [25]
1996 scope=rowSpain National Museum of Roman Art (1986) Getty Center, Los Angeles [26]
1997 scope=rowNorway Norwegian Glacier Museum (1991) [27]
1998 scope=rowItaly Kansai International Airport (1994) White House, Washington DC [28]
1999 scope=rowUnited Kingdom HSBC Building (1985) Altes Museum, Berlin
2000 scope=rowNetherlands Kunsthal (1992)Jerusalem Archaeological Park [29]
2001 scope=rowSwitzerland Tate Modern (2000)Monticello, Charlottesville, Virginia [30]
2002 scope=rowAustralia Berowra Waters Inn (1983) Campidoglio, Rome [31]
2003 scope=rowDenmark Sydney Opera House (1973) Royal Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando, Madrid [32]
2004 scope=rowIraq
United Kingdom 		Bergisel Ski Jump (2003) Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg
2005 scope=rowUnited States Caltrans District 7 Headquarters (2004) Pritzker Pavilion, Chicago [33]
2006 scope=rowBrazil Saint Peter Chapel, Campos do Jordão, São Paulo (1987) Dolmabahçe Palace, Istanbul [34]
2007 scope=rowItaly
United Kingdom 		Lloyd's building (1986)Banqueting House, Whitehall, London[35]
2008 scope=rowFrance Torre Agbar (2005)Library of Congress, Washington DC [36]
2009 scope=rowSwitzerland Therme Vals (1996) [37] [38]
2010scope=rowJapan 21st Century Museum of Contemporary Art, Kanazawa (2003) Ellis Island, New York City [39]
2011scope=rowPortugal Estádio Municipal de Braga (2004) Andrew W. Mellon Auditorium, Washington DC [40]
2012 scope=rowChina Ningbo Museum (2008) Great Hall of the People, Beijing [41]
2013 scope=rowJapan Sendai Mediatheque (2001) John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum, Boston [42]
2014 scope=rowJapan Centre Pompidou-Metz (2010) Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam[43]
2015 scope=rowGermany Olympic Stadium, Munich (1972) New World Center, Miami [44] [45]
2016 scope=rowChile Siamese Towers, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile (2005) United Nations Headquarters, New York City[46] [47]
2017 scope=rowSpain Sant Antoni Library, Barcelona (2008)Akasaka Palace, Tokyo [48]
2018scope=rowIndiaIndian Institute of Management Bangalore (1977–1992, multiple phases)Aga Khan Museum, Toronto[49] [50]
2019scope=rowJapanArt Tower Mito (1990)Palace of Versailles[51]
2020scope=row and Shelley McNamaraIreland

The Grafton Building of Bocconi University (2007)Online[52] [53] [54] [55]
2021scope=rowAnne Lacaton and Jean-Philippe VassalFranceNational School of Architecture, Nantes (2009)Online[56] [57]
2022scope=rowBurkina Faso
Germany		Centre for Earth Architecture, Mopti, Mali (2010)LSE Marshall Building, London[58]
2023scope=rowDavid ChipperfieldUnited KingdomNeues Museum, Berlin (1997–2009)Ancient Agora of Athens[59]
|2024|Riken Yamamoto|Japan |||Yokosuka Museum of Art, Kanagawa, Japan (2007)|Art Institute of Chicago||}

Table notes

A.  Roche was born in Ireland.[60]

B.  Pei was born in China.[61]

C.  Gehry was born in Canada.[62]

D.  Hadid was born in Iraq.[63]

E.  Rogers was born in Italy into an Anglo-Italian family.[64]

F.  Posthumous award.

G.  Ceremony held online due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

H.  Kéré was born in Burkina Faso.[65]

I.  Yamamoto was born in 1945 in Beijing, China.

Criticism

In 2013, the student organization "Women in Design" at the Harvard Graduate School of Design started a petition arguing Denise Scott Brown should receive joint recognition with her partner, Robert Venturi, who won the award in 1991.[66] The petition, according to The New York Times, "reignited long-simmering tensions in the architectural world over whether women have been consistently denied the standing they deserve in a field whose most prestigious award was not given to a woman until 2004, when Zaha Hadid won".[67] Scott Brown told CNN that "as a woman, she had felt excluded by the elite of architecture throughout her career," and that "the Pritzker Prize was based on the fallacy that great architecture was the work of a 'single lone male genius' at the expense of collaborative work."[68] Responding to the petition, the 2013 prize jury said that it cannot revisit the decisions of past juries, either in the case of Scott Brown or that of Lu Wenyu, whose husband Wang Shu won in 2012.[69] The 2020 Pritzker jury said in its citation awarding the prize to Yvonne Farrell and Shelley McNamara – making them the fourth and fifth women to ever be awarded the prize – that they were, "pioneers in a field that has traditionally been and still is a male-dominated profession [and] beacons to others as they forge their exemplary professional path."[70]

See also

References

General

Specific

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Architecture View; What Pritzker Winners Tell Us About the Prize. The New York Times. June 26, 2009. May 28, 1988. Paul. Goldberger. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20130531221427/http://www.nytimes.com/1988/05/29/arts/architecture-view-what-pritzker-winners-tell-us-about-the-prize.html. May 31, 2013.
  2. News: Riverside Museum architect visits 'sophisticated shed'. McLean. Pauline. BBC News. June 9, 2011. May 19, 2012. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20111204205614/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-glasgow-west-13720279. December 4, 2011.
  3. News: Swiss architect wins top honour. Pollard. Lawrence. BBC News. April 13, 2009. May 19, 2012. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20110712053710/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/7996295.stm. July 12, 2011.
  4. Web site: Nomination Process . Pritzker Architecture Prize official site . The Hyatt Foundation . February 3, 2018 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20180204000545/https://www.pritzkerprize.com/nominate . February 4, 2018 .
  5. Web site: History and Purpose/Ceremony . Pritzker Architecture Prize official site . The Hyatt Foundation . February 3, 2018 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20180204000748/https://www.pritzkerprize.com/about . February 4, 2018 .
  6. Web site: 2009 Jury Members. July 3, 2009. Pritzker Architecture Prize official site. The Hyatt Foundation. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20090628133406/http://www.pritzkerprize.com/about/jury.html. June 28, 2009.
  7. Web site: Cityscapes: How to win the Pritzker Architecture Prize: Practice, practice, practice (and don't be shy about nominating yourself). chicagotribune.com. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20100403202916/http://featuresblogs.chicagotribune.com/theskyline/2010/03/how-to-win-the-pritzker-architecture-prize-practice-practice-practice-and-dont-be-shy-about-nominati.html. April 3, 2010.
  8. Web site: Jury. The Hyatt Foundation. March 10, 2015. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20170810135947/http://www.pritzkerprize.com/about/jury. August 10, 2017.
  9. Web site: Philip Johnson – 1979 Laureate – Jury Citation. June 30, 2009. Pritzker Architecture Prize official site. The Hyatt Foundation . https://web.archive.org/web/20090416031649/http://www.pritzkerprize.com/laureates/1979/jury.html . April 16, 2009.
  10. News: Hadid designs landmark building. January 15, 2005. June 29, 2009. BBC News. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20170902093625/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/4167077.stm. September 2, 2017.
  11. Web site: Pritzker Architecture Prize 1984 Announcement. The Hyatt Foundation. March 30, 2010. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20120601160857/http://www.pritzkerprize.com/1984/announcement. June 1, 2012.
  12. Web site: Pritzker Architecture Prize goes to 3 people — a Spanish team that blends old and new. Blair. Kamin. March 1, 2017. Chicago Tribune. March 2, 2017. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20170301175014/http://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/ct-pritzker-prize-architecture-kamin-2017-column.html. March 1, 2017.
  13. Web site: Announcement: Rafael Aranda, Carme Pigem and Ramon Vilalta. Pritzker Architecture Prize. The Hyatt Foundation. March 2, 2017. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20170302034151/http://www.pritzkerprize.com/2017/announcement. March 2, 2017.
  14. News: Pritzker architecture prize won by little known Catalan trio. Wainwright. Oliver. March 1, 2017. The Guardian. March 1, 2017. 0261-3077. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20170301170137/https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2017/mar/01/pritzker-architecture-prize-rcr-arquitectes. March 1, 2017.
  15. Web site: Philip Johnson Awarded $100,000 Pritzker Prize . The New York Times. May 23, 1979 . Paul . Goldberger. March 6, 2019.
  16. Web site: The Mexican garden revisited. June 26, 2009. October 14, 2006. Katherine. Endicott. San Francisco Chronicle. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20110919002659/http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=%2Fc%2Fa%2F2006%2F10%2F14%2FHOG51LMROS1.DTL. September 19, 2011.
  17. Web site: Top prize for architect who is ignored by fellow British. The Daily Telegraph. June 26, 2009. March 23, 2004. Nigel. Reynolds. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20090317094633/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/art/3614334/Top-prize-for-architect-who-is-ignored-by-fellow-British.html. March 17, 2009.
  18. Web site: Pritzker Prize for Japanese Architect. The New York Times. June 26, 2009. April 26, 1993. Herbert. Muschamp. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20140707054538/http://www.nytimes.com/1993/04/26/arts/pritzker-prize-for-japanese-architect.html. July 7, 2014.
  19. Web site: The Pritzker Architecture Prize Celebrates its Tenth Anniversary Honoring Two Laureates for 1988. pritzkerprize.com. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402144503/http://www.pritzkerprize.com/1988-bunshaft/announcement. April 2, 2015.
  20. News: Architect Gehry Named Pritzker Prize Laureate. Los Angeles Times. Sam Hall. Kaplan. May 1, 1989. October 22, 2023.
  21. Web site: Aldo Rossi, Architect of Monumental Simplicity, Dies at 66. The New York Times. June 26, 2009. September 5, 1997. Julie. Iovine. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20130617183256/http://www.nytimes.com/1997/09/05/arts/aldo-rossi-architect-of-monumental-simplicity-dies-at-66.html. June 17, 2013.
  22. Web site: Robert Venturi Is to Receive Pritzker Architecture Prize. The New York Times. June 26, 2009. April 8, 1991. Eleanor. Blau. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20101127223323/http://nytimes.com/1991/04/08/arts/robert-venturi-is-to-receive-pritzker-architecture-prize.html. November 27, 2010.
  23. Web site: Siza Vieira fala para casa cheia. pt. June 26, 2009. February 24, 2009. Correio da Manhã. Ana Maria. Ribeiro.
  24. Web site: Priztker prize goes to French architect for the first time. The New York Times. Herbert. Muschamp. June 26, 2009. May 2, 1994. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20140407173040/http://www.nytimes.com/1994/05/02/arts/pritzker-prize-goes-to-french-architect-for-the-first-time.html. April 7, 2014.
  25. Web site: Fashion's New Religion. The New York Times. Pilar. Viladas. June 27, 2009. August 19, 2001. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20101122203953/http://www.nytimes.com/2001/08/19/magazine/fashion-s-new-religion.html. November 22, 2010.
  26. News: Spanish architect Moneo takes home Pritzker Prize. Chicago Tribune. Blair. Kamin. April 29, 1996. October 22, 2023.
  27. News: El noruego Sverre Fehn recibe el Pritzker de Arquitectura en el museo Guggenheim Bilbao. El País. es. June 26, 2009. June 1, 1997. Fernando. Samaniego.
  28. Web site: Renzo Piano Wins Architecture's Top Prize. June 26, 2009. April 20, 1998. The New York Times. Herbert. Muschamp. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20121105035236/http://www.nytimes.com/1998/04/20/arts/renzo-piano-wins-architecture-s-top-prize.html. November 5, 2012.
  29. Web site: Koolhaas receives 'Nobel of architecture' in Jerusalem. CNN. May 29, 2000. June 26, 2009. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20110201171607/http://edition.cnn.com/2000/STYLE/design/05/29/pritzker/. February 1, 2011.
  30. Web site: Herzog & de Meuron Propose Castle in The Sky for Hamburg. Das Spiegel. June 26, 2009. June 14, 2005. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20090830165019/http://www.spiegel.de/international/0,1518,360341,00.html. August 30, 2009.
  31. News: Top honour for Australian architect . BBC News . June 26, 2009 . April 16, 2002 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20090417083532/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1932366.stm . April 17, 2009 .
  32. News: Prize for Opera House designer. BBC News. June 26, 2009. April 7, 2003. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20120327191652/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/2924705.stm. March 27, 2012.
  33. News: Paris skyscraper to rival tower . BBC News . June 26, 2009 . November 28, 2006 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20090930002610/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/6191132.stm . September 30, 2009 .
  34. News: Brazilian wins Pritzker Prize. June 26, 2009. April 9, 2006. Benjamin. Forgey. The Washington Post. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20080724023859/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/04/09/AR2006040900934.html. July 24, 2008.
  35. Web site: Rogers takes the 'Nobel for architecture'. The Guardian. June 26, 2009. March 29, 2007. Jonathan. Glancey. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20140325020146/http://www.theguardian.com/society/2007/mar/29/communities.artnews. March 25, 2014.
  36. News: Nouvel wins top architect's prize. BBC News. March 31, 2008. May 19, 2012. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20120521092441/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7322531.stm. May 21, 2012.
  37. Web site: Swiss architect untouched by fad or fashion wins prized Pritzker award. The Guardian. April 14, 2009. Ed. Pilkington. June 26, 2009. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20130906082541/http://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2009/apr/14/zumthor-pritzker-award. September 6, 2013.
  38. Web site: Pritzker Prize Goes to Peter Zumthor. The New York Times. Robin. Pogrebin. April 12, 2009. May 19, 2012. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20120516162351/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/13/arts/design/13pritzker.html. May 16, 2012.
  39. Encyclopedia: Kazuyo Sejima and Ryue Nishizawa. . John M. . Cunningham . March 17, 2021.
  40. Web site: Souto de Moura Wins 2011 Pritzker Architecture Prize . March 28, 2011 . March 28, 2011 . The New York Times . Kate . Taylor . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20110501062125/http://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/03/28/souto-de-moura-wins-2011-pritzker-architecture-prize/ . May 1, 2011 .
  41. Web site: 2012 Pritzker Prize: Wang Shu . February 2012 . February 27, 2012 . Arch Daily . David . Basulto . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20120229220303/http://www.archdaily.com/211941/2012-pritzker-prize-wang-shu/ . February 29, 2012 .
  42. Web site: Japanese architect Toyo Ito, 71, wins Pritzker Prize . Los Angeles Times . March 17, 2013 . March 17, 2013 . Christopher . Hawthorne . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20130318115648/http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/arts/culture/la-et-japanese-architect-toyo-ito-71-wins-pritzker-prize-20130312,0,2719958.story . March 18, 2013 .
  43. Web site: Architect Shigeru Ban, known for disaster relief, wins Pritzker Prize . Los Angeles Times . March 24, 2014 . March 24, 2014 . Christopher . Hawthorne . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20140325045915/http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/arts/culture/la-et-cm-architect-shigeru-ban-pritzker-prize-20140321,0,3207108.story . March 25, 2014 .
  44. Web site: Frei Otto, 2015 Laureate . Pritzker Architecture Prize . March 10, 2015 . March 11, 2015 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20150311173734/http://www.pritzkerprize.com/laureates/2015 . March 11, 2015 .
  45. https://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/11/arts/design/frei-otto-german-architect-wins-pritzker-prize-posthumously.html?_r=0 Pritzker Prize for Frei Otto, German Architect, Announced After His Death
  46. Web site: Announcement. pritzkerprize.com. January 13, 2016. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20160114081857/http://www.pritzkerprize.com/2016/announcement. January 14, 2016.
  47. Web site: Ceremony. pritzkerprize.com. January 13, 2016. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20160116111245/http://www.pritzkerprize.com/2016/ceremony. January 16, 2016.
  48. Web site: Announcement: Rafael Aranda, Carme Pigem and Ramon Vilalta The Pritzker Architecture Prize. www.pritzkerprize.com. March 1, 2017. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20170302034151/http://www.pritzkerprize.com/2017/announcement. March 2, 2017.
  49. Web site: The Pritzker Architecture Prize . www.pritzkerprize.com . March 7, 2018 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20180307154305/https://www.pritzkerprize.com/laureates/balkrishna-doshi . March 7, 2018 .
  50. News: Indian architect BV Doshi wins 'Nobel for architecture' . Rajghatta . Chidanand . March 7, 2017 . The Times of India . March 7, 2017.
  51. Web site: The Pritzker Architecture Prize . www.pritzkerprize.com . March 5, 2019 .
  52. News: Kamin . Blair . March 3, 2020 . Chicago's coveted Pritzker Architecture Prize goes to 2 women architects from Ireland . Chicago Tribune . May 30, 2020.
  53. Web site: Ceremony Videos: Yvonne Farrell and Shelley McNamara – The Pritzker Architecture Prize . October 8, 2020 . www.pritzkerprize.com.
  54. News: Pollak . Sorcha . October 6, 2020 . Yvonne Farrell and Shelley McNamara awarded Pritzker Prize for architecture . en . Irish Times . October 8, 2020.
  55. Web site: Ivonne Farrell and Shelley McNamara The Pritzker Architecture Prize . www.pritzkerprize.com . March 3, 2020 .
  56. News: Cutieru . Andreea . 2021-09-14 . The Pritzker Architecture Prize Releases Ceremony Video Honouring the 2021 Laureates Anne Lacaton and Jean-Philippe Vassal . en-US . Arch Daily . 2022-03-15.
  57. News: Valencia . Nicolás . March 17, 2021 . Why Lacaton & Vassal Won the 2021 Pritzker Prize . en-US . ArchDaily . March 17, 2021.
  58. News: Pogrebin . Robin . 2022-03-15 . Pritzker Prize Goes to Architect From West Africa . en-US . The New York Times . 2022-03-15 . 0362-4331.
  59. News: Spocchia . Gino . 2023-03-07 . David Chipperfield awarded 2023 Pritzker Prize . en-US . Architects' Journal . 2023-03-07.
  60. Web site: Architecture Award to Kevin Roche. December 14, 1992. July 26, 2009. The New York Times. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20131113061444/http://www.nytimes.com/1992/12/14/arts/architecture-award-to-kevin-roche.html. November 13, 2013.
  61. Web site: I. M. Pei in China, Revisiting Roots. The New York Times. David. Barboza. October 9, 2006. June 30, 2009. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20111212041145/http://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/09/arts/design/09pei.html. December 12, 2011.
  62. Web site: Frank O. Gehry. (American, born Canada 1929). Museum of Modern Art. July 26, 2009 .
  63. Web site: Zaha Hadid. (British, born Iraq, 1950). Museum of Modern Art. July 26, 2009 .
  64. Web site: Richard Rogers, Architect. July 29, 2014. The Yale Center for Dyslexia & Creativity. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20141129022546/http://dyslexia.yale.edu/rogers.html. November 29, 2014.
  65. News: Schaefer . Louisa . 2022-03-15 . Pritzker Prize goes to Burkina Faso-German architect Francis Kere . en-GB . Deutsche Welle . 2022-10-21.
  66. Web site: 2013-09-18. Student Activism: Women in Design. 2021-03-18. Harvard Graduate School of Design. en-US.
  67. News: Partner Without the Prize. The New York Times. April 17, 2013. April 18, 2013. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20130418113111/http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/18/arts/design/bid-for-pritzker-prize-to-acknowledge-denise-scott-brown.html?ref=design. April 18, 2013. Pogrebin. Robin.
  68. Web site: Denise Scott Brown: Architecture favors 'lone male genius' over women . CNN . Catriona Davies . May 29, 2013 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20130619201238/http://edition.cnn.com/2013/05/01/business/denise-scott-brown-pritzker-prize . June 19, 2013 .
  69. Web site: Pritzker Architecture Prize Committee Denies Honors for Denise Scott Brown . architectmagazine.com . June 18, 2013 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20130618105930/http://www.architectmagazine.com/design/pritzker-architecture-prize-committee-refuses-to-honor-denise-scott-brown.aspx . June 18, 2013 .
  70. News: Noveck . Jocelyn . Irish architects Farrell, McNamara win Pritzker Prize . March 3, 2020 . Associated Press . March 4, 2020.

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