| Conventional Long Name: | Principality of Mingrelia |
| Native Name: | სამეგრელოს სამთავრო |
| Common Name: | Mingrelia |
| Status: | Vassal |
| Empire: | Russian Empire |
| Status Text: | Vassal of the Russian Empire (1803–1867) |
| Year Start: | 1557 |
| Year End: | 1867 |
| Date End: | January 4, |
| Event End: | Annexation by Imperial Russia |
| Title Leader: | Prince (Mtavari) |
| Leader1: | Levan I Dadiani |
| Year Leader1: | 1533–1572 (first) |
| Leader2: | Niko I Dadiani |
| Year Leader2: | 1853–1867 (last) |
| P1: | Kingdom of Imereti |
| S1: | Russian Empire |
| Flag Type: | Flag (1560s according to Diogo Homem) and 18th century flag according to Vakhushti |
| Image Flag2: | Flag of the Principality of Mingrelia.svg |
| Image Map Caption: | Principality of Mingrelia after the dissolution of Georgia |
| Image Map2: | Samegrelo_15-18_cc_GSE_map.svg |
| Coordinates: | 42.575°N 41.6778°W |
| Government Type: | Principality |
| Common Languages: | Mingrelian, Georgian |
| Religion: | Georgian Orthodox |
| Capital: | Zugdidi |
The Principality of Mingrelia (Georgian: სამეგრელოს სამთავრო|tr), also known as Odishi and as Samegrelo, was a historical state in Georgia ruled by the Dadiani dynasty.
The principality emerged out of a non-aggression pact and an ensuing treaty signed by Konstantine II of Kartli, Alexandre of Kakhetia, and Qvarqvare II, atabag of Samtshke, which divided Georgia into three kingdoms and a number of principalities.[1] Mingrelia was established as an independent Principality in 1557 with Levan I Dadiani serving as a hereditary mtavari (Prince). It remained independent until it became a subject to Imperial Russia in 1803.[2] This came after it signed a patronage treaty with the Russian Empire,[3] which was concluded in return for Russian protection against the harassment of Mingrelia's more powerful neighbors, Imeretia and Abkhazia.[4] The principality ultimately came to an end when Prince Niko I Dadiani was deposed, and the principality abolished, by Russia in 1867. Prince Niko officially renounced his rights to the throne in 1868 and the state became a Russian district until 1917.