| Conventional Long Name: | Principality of Odoyev |
| Common Name: | Odoyev |
| Image Map Caption: | Upper Oka Principalities in 1389 |
| Capital: | Odoyev |
| Religion: | Russian Orthodoxy |
| Government Type: | Monarchy |
| Status: | Principality |
| Year Start: | 1376 |
| Year End: | 1573 |
| Common Languages: | Russian |
| Year Leader1: | 1376-1402? (first) |
| Leader1: | Roman Semyonovich Novosilsky |
| Year Leader2: | ?-1573 (last) |
| Leader2: | Nikita Romanovich Odoevsky |
| P1: | Novosilsky principality |
| S1: | Tsardom of Russia |
| Flag S1: | Seal_of_Ivan_4_1539_a.svg |
| Border S1: | no |
| Today: | Russia |
The Principality of Odoyev was one of the Upper Oka Principalities from the 1376 to the 1573. The town of Odoyev was the centre of the principality.
The Principality's history was closely linked with its place between the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Moscow and the Golden Horde.
Prince of Novosil Roman Semyonovich took part with Prince of Moscow Dmitry Donskoy in the campaign of Tver in 1375. In December, the Horde wiped out most of Novosil and the principality's land. The Odoyevsky Principality arose in the next year when Roman Semyonovich settled in Odoyev or possibly after his death in about 1402.[1]
Princes of Odoyev called themselves princes of Novosil, and sometimes princes of Novosil and Odoyev up to the late 1400 and began name themselves only princes of Odoyev by the mid-1500s.[2] The House of Odoyev died out in the 19th Century.
In 1407, Lithuanians burned down Odoyev.[3] The principality was ceded to them in 1427.[4] The Princes of Odoyev were granted extensive lands in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, but Lithuanians collected tribute from them annually.[5]
In the late 1400s — early 1500s, the Principality of Odoyev was torn between the Crimean Khanate, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Duchy of Moscow.[6]
In 1494, the principality was absorbed by the Grand Duchy of Moscow.[7] and in 1573 the last prince, Nikita Romanovich, was beheaded by the oprichnina of Ivan the Terrible.[8]
See main article: Odoyevsky family. Roman Semyonovich Novosilsky (? — after 1402)
Yuri Romanovich Cherny Odoevsky (? — after 1429)
Ivan Yurievich Odoevsky (? — about 1470)
Semyon Yurievich (? — 1473)
Fedor Ivanovich Odoevsky (? — after 1497)
Nikita Romanovich Odoevsky (? — 1573)