Setsuko, Princess Chichibu Explained

Setsuko
Princess Chichibu
Father:Tsuneo Matsudaira
Mother:Nobuko Nabeshima
Birth Date:9 September 1909
Birth Place:Walton-on-Thames, England
Death Place:Tokyo, Japan
Burial Place:Toshimagaoka Imperial Cemetery, Bunkyo, Tokyo

was a member of the Japanese imperial family and the wife of Yasuhito, Prince Chichibu, the second son of Emperor Taishō and Empress Teimei. Setsuko was a sister-in-law of Emperor Shōwa and an aunt by marriage of Emperor Akihito.

Early life

Setsuko Matsudaira was born on 9 September 1909 in Walton-on-Thames, England, into the prominent Matsudaira family.[1] [2] Her father, Tsuneo Matsudaira, was a diplomat and politician who later served as the Japanese ambassador to the United States (1924) and later to United Kingdom (1928), and still later, Imperial Household Minister (1936–45, 1946–47). Her mother, Nobuko Nabeshima, was a member of the Nabeshima family. Her paternal grandfather, Katamori Matsudaira, was the last daimyō of the Aizu Domain and head of the Aizu-Matsudaira cadet branch of the Tokugawa. Her maternal grandfather, Marquis Naohiro Nabeshima, was the former daimyō of the Saga Domain. Her mother's elder sister, Itsuko (1882–1976), married Prince Morimasa Nashimoto, an uncle of Empress Kōjun. Despite her prestigious heritage, Setsuko was technically born a commoner, but both sides of her family maintained kinship with distinguished kazoku aristocratic families close to the Japanese Imperial Family.

From 1925 to 1928, Setsuko was educated at the Sidwell Friends School in Washington, D.C. while her father was ambassador to the United States.[3] Setsuko was fluent in English and was sometimes considered to be a Kikokushijo. Upon her return to Japan, Setsuko was chosen by Empress Teimei to marry her second son, Yasuhito, Prince Chichibu, despite the fact she was a commoner. Setsuko married the Prince after her uncle, Viscount Morio Matsudaira, formally adopted her, thus removing the status incongruity between the prince and his bride.[4]

Marriage

On 28 September 1928, aged 19, Setsuko wed Prince Chichibu, and became Princess Chichibu. The bride and groom were eighth cousins, thrice removed, as both were descended from Nabeshima Katsushige, the first lord of Saga. Prince and Princess Chichibu had no children, as Princess Chichibu's only pregnancy ended in a miscarriage. However, by all accounts their marriage was filled with love and happiness for each other.[5]

In 1937, the prince and princess were sent on a tour of Western Europe which took several months. They represented Japan at the May 1937 coronation of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth in Westminster Abbey and subsequently visited Sweden and the Netherlands as the guests of King Gustav V and Queen Wilhelmina, respectively. Princess Chichibu stayed in Switzerland while her husband met Adolf Hitler in Nuremberg at the end of the trip. Princess Chichibu felt a great love for the United States and for England and, as an anglophile, was greatly saddened by Japan's entry into the Second World War on the side of the Axis powers.[6]

Widowhood

After the Prince's death of tuberculosis in 1953, Princess Chichibu became president of the Society for the Prevention of Tuberculosis, honorary president of the Britain-Japan Society, the Sweden-Japan Society, and an honorary vice president of the Japanese Red Cross[7] The Princess made several semi-official visits to Great Britain and Sweden.

Death

Princess Chichibu died from heart failure in Tokyo on 25 August 1995, shortly before her 86th birthday.[8] [9] Princess Chichibu's autobiography, which was published posthumously as The Silver Drum: A Japanese Imperial Memoir, was translated into English by Dorothy Britton.[10]

Honours

Ancestry

Patrilineal descent

Setsuko's patriline is the line from which she is descended father to son.

The existence of a verifiable link between the Nitta clan and the Tokugawa/Matsudaira clan remains somewhat in dispute.

  1. Descent prior to Keitai is unclear to modern historians, but traditionally traced back patrilineally to Emperor Jimmu
  2. Emperor Keitai, ca. 450–534
  3. Emperor Kinmei, 509–571
  4. Emperor Bidatsu, 538–585
  5. Prince Oshisaka, ca. 556–???
  6. Emperor Jomei, 593–641
  7. Emperor Tenji, 626–671
  8. Prince Shiki, ????–716
  9. Emperor Kōnin, 709–786
  10. Emperor Kanmu, 737–806
  11. Emperor Saga, 786–842
  12. Emperor Ninmyō, 810–850
  13. Emperor Montoku 826–858
  14. Emperor Seiwa, 850–881
  15. Prince Sadazumi, 873–916
  16. Minamoto no Tsunemoto, 894–961
  17. Minamoto no Mitsunaka, 912–997
  18. Minamoto no Yorinobu, 968–1048
  19. Minamoto no Yoriyoshi, 988–1075
  20. Minamoto no Yoshiie, 1039–1106
  21. Minamoto no Yoshikuni, 1091–1155
  22. Minamoto no Yoshishige, 1114–1202
  23. Nitta Yoshikane, 1139–1206
  24. Nitta Yoshifusa, 1162–1195
  25. Nitta Masayoshi, 1187–1257
  26. Nitta Masauji, 1208–1271
  27. Nitta Motouji, 1253–1324
  28. Nitta Tomouji, 1274–1318
  29. Nitta Yoshisada, 1301–1338
  30. Nitta Yoshimune, 1331?–1368
  31. Tokugawa Chikasue?, ????–???? (speculated)
  32. Tokugawa Arichika, ????–????
  33. Matsudaira Chikauji, d. 1393?
  34. Matsudaira Yasuchika, ????–14??
  35. Matsudaira Nobumitsu, c. 1404–1488/89?
  36. Matsudaira Chikatada, 1430s–1501
  37. Masudaira Nagachika, 1473–1544
  38. Matsudaira Nobutada, 1490–1531
  39. Matsudaira Kiyoyasu, 1511–1536
  40. Matsudaira Hirotada, 1526–1549
  41. Tokugawa Ieyasu, 1st Tokugawa Shōgun (1543–1616)
  42. Tokugawa Yorifusa, 1st Lord of Mito (1603–1661)
  43. Matsudaira Yorishige, 1st Lord of Takamatsu (1622–1695)
  44. Matsudaira Yoriyuki (1661–1687)
  45. Matsudaira Yoritoyo, 3rd Lord of Takamatsu (1680–1735)
  46. Tokugawa Munetaka, 4th Lord of Mito (1705–1730)
  47. Tokugawa Munemoto, 5th Lord of Mito (1728–1766)
  48. Tokugawa Harumori, 6th Lord of Mito (1751–1805)
  49. Matsudaira Yoshinari, 9th Lord of Takasu (1776–1832)
  50. Matsudaira Yoshitatsu, 10th Lord of Takasu (1800–1862)
  51. Matsudaira Katamori, 9th Lord of Aizu (1836–1893)
  52. Tsuneo Matsudaira, (1877–1949)
  53. Setsuko Matsudaira, (1909–1995)

References

Further reading

External links

Notes and References

  1. Sakata . Ikuko . March 1988 . Special Feature : Imperial Factions - Imperial Households of the Meiji, Taisho, and Showa Era - Princess Chichibunomiya Setsuko, a marriage of the Imperial Family -- a bride from the Aizu clan, or the Imperial Enemy . ja: 特集 天皇家の閨閥--明治･大正･昭和の皇室 天皇家の結婚 秩父宮妃勢津子--朝敵「会津」の嫁入り . Rekishi Dokuhon . . 33 . 5 (472) . 102～109 (plate number 0053.jp2-).
  2. Book: Itō, Zensō (伊藤善創) . Princess Chichibunomiya Setsuko, the Granddaughter to Matsudaira Katamori of the Aizu clan : Praying for the 90th Wedding Anniversary : 150th Anniversary of the Meiji Era . Mimpo Printing (民報印刷 制作・印刷) . Fukushima Mimpō Newspaper (contibutor. 編集協力: 福島民報社) . 2018 . 978-4-904834-37-4 . Fukushima . ja . ja: 会津松平容保公御孫姫秩父宮妃勢津子さま : ご成婚九十周年を祈念して : 明治150年企画.
  3. Web site: Roosevelt . Eleanor . May 28, 1953 . 1953  - My Day . The Eleanor Roosevelt Papers Digital Edition (www.gwu.edu) .
  4. Matsudaira . Tsunekazu (松平恒忠) . Memories of Grandfather Matsudaira Tsuneo and Aunt Princess Chichibunomiya Setsuko . ja: 祖父松平恒雄と叔母秩父宮妃勢津子の思い出 . Rekishi to Tabi (歴史と旅) . 24 . 9 (368) . 128-133 (plate number 0067.jp2-).
  5. Female staff writer . May 1929 . The Daily Life of Her Imperial Highness Princess Chichibunomiya Setsuko . ja: 秩父宮妃勢津子殿下の御日常 . Shufu No Tomo . Shufu no tomo-sha . 13 . 5 (May issue) . 35-38 (plate number 0063.jp2-).
  6. Chichibunomiya Setsuko . January 1949 . Amerika no gaku'en seikatsu wo shinonde . ja: アメリカの学園生活を偲んで . New Age (ニューエイジ) . Mainichi Newspaper . 1 . 1 . 26- (plate number 0015.jp2) . 10.11501/2310430.
  7. Chichibunomiya Setsuko . January 1951 . Congratulatory Remarks : National Health and the Mission of the Association . ja: 祝辞 国民の健康と協会の任務 . Journal of the Japanese Nursing Association . 3 . 6 . 5 (plate number 0006.jp2).
  8. Murayama . Tomi'ichi . Tomiichi Murayama . April 1998 . . A tribute to the late Her Imperial Highness Princess Chichibunomiya Setsuko (25 August 1995) . ja: 秩父宮妃勢津子殿下のご訃報に接しての謹話 (平成7・8・25) . 村山内閣総理大臣演説集 . ja . Nihon Kōhō Kyōkai (日本広報協会) . 112.
  9. Book: Kirimo: Commemorating the Completion of the Relief of Her Imperial Highness Chichibunomiya Setsuko . Chichibunomiya Setsuko-hi Rerīfu kensetsu Īnkai . 2000 . Ōtaki Village (Saitama Prefecture) . ja . ja: きりも : 秩父宮妃勢津子殿下御尊影レリーフ完成記念.
  10. Chichibunomiya Setsuko . August 1991 . For my memoir "Silver Bonbonniere" . ja: 回想記｢銀のボンボニエール｣に寄せて . Bungei Shunjū (文芸春秋) . . 69 . 9 . 92-93 (plate number 0069.jp2-) . 10.11501/3198575 . limited . NDL.

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