Pretwa Explained

Pretwa is a two-player abstract strategy game from Bihar, India, and it was described by H.J.R. Murray in A History of Board-Games Other Than Chess (1952).^{[1] [2]} The game is related to draughts and Alquerque as pieces are captured by leaping over them. The board is composed of three concentric circles divided by three diameters. Pretwa belongs to a category of games called Indian war games, which also includes the games Lau kata kati, Dash-guti, Egara-guti, Gol-skuish. All Indian war games have one important thing in common, and that is that all the pieces are laid out on the board at every intersection point, with the exception of the central point. This forces the first move to be played on the central point, and captured by the other player's piece.

Pretwa is a smaller version of the game Gol-skuish.

Setup

The board consist of three concentric circles divided by three diameters that are equally spaced apart from one another (see diagram). This produces 19 intersection points (hereforth called "points"). The intersection of the three diameters forms the central point of the board. Pieces are situated on the points, and move and capture along the lines of the board.

Each player has 9 pieces . One plays the black pieces, and the other plays the white pieces, however any two colors or distinguishable objects will do. Players choose which color to play, and who starts first.

As indicated by the diagram, each player initially places their 9 pieces on three consecutive radiuses leaving the central point vacant.

Rules

• Players alternate their turns using one piece to either move or capture exclusively per turn.
• A piece moves one space per turn onto a vacant adjacent point along a line.
• Captures are compulsory and are done by the short leap as in draughts and Alquerque. A player's piece leaps over an adjacent enemy piece and lands onto a vacant point adjacently behind. A capture of an enemy piece must be completed exclusively along a concentric circle, or along a diameter. A piece must continue to capture if it is able to do so, and can switch from capturing along a concentric line to a diameter and vice versa. Captured pieces are removed from the board immediately.
• If a player captures all of their opponent's pieces or at least reduces their numbers to three, he or she is the winner.
• If a player cannot perform a move or a capture because its pieces have been blocked or immobilized by the other player's pieces, this is known as a stalemate, and the player loses; the other player wins.
• If neither player can capture anymore pieces, the player with more pieces wins. If both players have the same number of pieces, then the game is a draw.

Related games

Gol-skuish, Lau kata kati, Dash-guti, Egara-guti, Butterfly (game), Draughts, Alquerque

Notes and References

1. Book: Murray. H.J.R.. A History of Board-Games Other Than Chess. 1952. Hacker Art Books, Inc.. New York. 0-87817-211-4. 71.
2. Web site: Winther. Mats. Indian War-games. Indian War-games. 2016-06-29.