The Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut serves as the President of the Connecticut Senate, but only casts a vote if required to break a tie. In his or her absence, the President Pro Tempore of the Connecticut Senate presides. The President pro tempore is elected by the majority party caucus followed by confirmation of the entire Senate through a Senate Resolution. The President pro tempore is the chief leadership position in the Senate. The Senate majority and minority leaders are elected by their respective party caucuses.
The current President pro tempore of the Connecticut Senate is Martin M. Looney, a Democrat who has served since 2015.
| Name | Town and political party | Term of service |
| Aaron N. Skinner | New Haven, (W) | 1845 |
| Saybrook, (D) | 1846 | |
| Thomas C. Perkins | Hartford, (W) | 1847 |
| Thomas B. Butler | Norwalk, (W) | 1848 |
| Henry Dutton | New Haven, (W) | 1849 |
| Samuel Ingham | Saybrook, (D) | 1850 |
| Henry E. Peck | New Haven, (W) | 1851 |
| James T. Pratt | Rocky Hill, (D) | 1852 |
| Daniel B. Warner | East Haddam, (D) | 1853 |
| John Boyd | West Winsted, (Free Soil Dem) | 1854 |
| James F. Babcock | New Haven, (W) | 1855 |
| Leman W. Cutler | Watertown, (AR) | 1856 |
| Ammi Giddings | Plymouth, (U) | 1857 |
| Elisha Carpenter | Killingly, (R) | 1858 |
| Thaddeus Welles | Glastonbury, (R) | 1859 |
| Joseph G. Lamb | Norwich, (AR) | 1860 |
| Andrew B. Mygatt | New Milford, (R) | 1861 |
| Hiram Goodwin | Hitchcockville, (R) (U) | 1862 |
| Gilbert W. Phillips | Putnam, (R) (U) | 1863 |
| John T. Adams | Norwich, (U) | 1864 |
| Orlando J. Hodge | Robertsville, (U) | 1865 |
| John T. Wait | Norwich, (U) | 1866 |
| Amos J. Gallup | Sterling, (R) | 1867 |
| Edwin H. Bugbec | Killingly, (R) | 1868 |
| David Gallup | Plainfield, (R) | 1869 |
| Edward Harland | Norwich, (R) | 1870 |
| Ezra Hall | Marlborough, (R) | 1871 |
| S. Storrs Cotton | 1872 | |
| Allen Tenny | Norwich, (R) | 1873 |
| Luzon B. Morris | New Haven, (D) | 1874 |
| Caleb B. Bowers | New Haven, (D) | 1875 |
| Ephraim H. Hyde | Stafford, (D) | 1876 |
| Oliver Hoyt | Stamford, (R) | 1877,78 |
| Gilbert W. Phillips | Putnam, (R) | 1879 |
| Lyman W. Coe | Torrington, (R) | 1880,81 |
| Robert Coit | New London, (R) | 1882,83 |
| Lorrin A. Cooke | Winsted, (R) | 1884 |
| Stiles T. Stanton | Stonington, (R) | 1885,86 |
| Robert J. Walsh | Greenwich, (R) | 1887,88 |
| John Manning Hall | Willimantic, (R) | 1889,90 |
| David M. Read | Bridgeport, (D) | 1891,92 |
| Frederick W. Holden | Ansonia, (D) | 1893,94 |
| John Ferris | South Norwalk, (R) | 1895,96 |
| William Marigold | Bridgeport, (R) | 1897,98 |
| Edwin O. Keeler | Norwalk, (R) | 1899,1900 |
| Henry Roberts | Hartford, (R) | 1901,02 |
| Rollin S. Woodruff | New Haven, (R) | 1903,04 |
| Samuel Fessenden | Stamford, (R) | 1905,06 |
| Stiles Judson | Stratford, (R) | 1907,08 |
| Isaac W. Brooks | Torrington, (R) | 1909,10 |
| Frank C. Woodruff | Orange, (R) | 1911,12 |
| George Landers | New Britain, (D) | 1913,14 |
| Frederic A. Bartlett | Bridgeport, (R) | 1915,16 |
| Henry H. Lyman | Middlefield, (R) | 1917,18 |
| William H. Heald | Stafford Springs, (R) | 1919,20 |
| William H. Hall | South Willington, (R) | 1921,22 |
| John H. Trumbull | Plainville, (R) | 1923,24 |
| Edwin Brainard | Branford, (R) | 1925,26 |
| Frederic C. Walcott | Norfolk, (R) | 1927,28 |
| Roy C. Wilcox | Meriden, (R) | 1929,30 |
| Albert E. Lavery | Fairfield, (R) | 1931,32 |
| David Goldstein | Bridgeport, (D) | 1933,34 |
| John F. Lynch | West Haven, (R) | 1935,36 |
| Joseph H. Lawlor | Waterbury, (D) | 1937,38 |
| Charles J. Arrigoni | Durham, (R) | 1939,40 |
| Joseph B. Downes | Norwich, (D) | 1941,42 |
| Frank H. Peet | Kent, (R) | 1943,44 |
| Samuel H. Malkan | New Haven, (D) | 1945,46 |
| Robert E. Parsons | Farmington, (R) | 1947,48 |
| Cornelius Mulvihill, Jr. | Bridgeport, (D) | 1949,50 |
| William Perry Barber | Putnam, (D) | 1951,52 |
| Oscar Peterson, Jr. | Stratford, (R) | 1953,54 |
| Patrick J. Ward | Hartford, (D) | 1955,56 |
| Theodore S. Ryan | Sharon, (R) | 1957,58 |
| Anthony Armentano | Hartford, (D) | 1959–62 |
| Fred J. Doocy1 | Wapping, (D) | 1963–1/16/66 |
| Paul J. Falsey2 | New Haven, (D) | 1/26/66–1966 |
| Charles T. Alfano | Suffield, (D) | 1967–72 |
| Peter L. Cashman3 | Lyme, (R) | 1973–6/7/73 |
| Florence Finney4 | Cos Cob, (R) | 7/10/73–1974 |
| Joseph J. Fauliso5 | Hartford, (D) | 1975–80 |
| James J. Murphy, Jr. | Franklin, (D) | 1981–84 |
| Philip S. Robertson | Cheshire, (R) | 1985–86 |
| John B. Larson | East Hartford, (D) | 1987–94 |
| M. Adela Eads | Kent, (R) | 1995–97 |
| Kevin B. Sullivan6 | West Hartford, (D) | 1997–7/1/2004 |
| Donald E. Williams, Jr. 7 | Brooklyn, (D) | 7/1/2004–2014 |
| Martin M. Looney | New Haven, (D) | 2015– |