| Post: | President of the Legislative Council |
| Body: | Hong Kong |
| Incumbent: | Andrew Leung |
| Incumbentsince: | 12 October 2016 |
| Style: | The Honourable (尊貴的) |
| Precursor: | Governor of Hong Kong |
| Nominator: | Legislative Council |
| Appointer: | Legislative Council |
| Termlength: | Four years, renewable |
| Inaugural: | John Joseph Swaine |
| Salary: | HK$2,400,000 annually[1] |
The president of the Legislative Council is the presiding officer of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong. According to the Article 71 of the Hong Kong Basic Law, the president of the Legislative Council is elected by and from among Legislative Council members, plays the presiding role, administrative role and ceremonial role, and ensures the smooth conduct of the Legislative Council meetings.
From the establishment of the council in 1843 to 1993, the president of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong was the governor. In 1991, a deputy president, John Joseph Swaine, was appointed by the governor from among the non-official members to chair the sittings. The governor remained president and member, but systematically absented himself from most of the sittings. In February 1993, the governor ceased to be member and president of the council. The presidency was handed over to a member elected from among the unofficial members.
Under the current system, the president shall be a Chinese citizen and permanent resident of Hong Kong SAR of not less than 40 years of age, with no right of abode in any foreign country and has ordinarily resided in Hong Kong for continuous period of not less than 20 years.
Under the Article 66 to 79 in the Basic Law, the Legislative Council Commission Ordinance, the Legislative Council (Powers and Privileges) Ordinance and the Rules of Procedure of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (RoP), the President performs the following roles in the council:
In a controversial move directed at reining in democratic legislators (most of whom were elected by universal suffrage and six of whose seats had been vacated by a controversial court order of disqualification), amendments to the Rules of Procedure were passed on 15 December 2017 giving sweeping powers to the president to control the business of the legislature. Among them is the power to vet proposed motions and amendments to bills, require legislators to explain them and to reject or merge them. Prior notice must be given of any notice of motion and the .resident may reconvene the chamber immediately after any failure to meet quorum.[2] Under the undemocratic election system of the legislature, the role of president has been occupied by a pro-Beijing legislator since 1 July 1997.
The president is also the chairman of the Legislative Council Commission, a statutory body and provides administrative support and services for the Legislative Council and its members through the Legislative Council secretariat.
The Legislative Council Commission determines the organization and administration of support services and facilities, formulate and execute policies on their effective operation and expand funds in ways it see fit to support these activities.
The president is accorded the sixth place in the official precedence list following the chief executive, the chief justice of the Court of Final Appeal, the chief secretary for Administration, the financial secretary and the secretary for justice. The president is the representative of the Legislative Council on ceremonial and formal occasions.
Before 1993, the Legislative Council was presided over by the Governor of Hong Kong.
From 25 December 1941 to 30 August 1945, the office was suspended due to the Japanese Occupation of Hong Kong. The representative advisory bodies during the time were the Chinese Representative Council and Chinese Cooperative Council.
See also: 1993 President of the Hong Kong Legislative Council election.
Until 1993, the legislative council was presided over by the governor of Hong Kong. Between 1991 and 1993, a deputy president, John Joseph Swaine, was appointed by the then-governor David Wilson to chair the meetings in his absence. The governor then only attended the first session in October every year to present his policy address and gave a farewell speech to the members of the council before he left office. The president was elected among non-official members of the legislative council from 1993 onwards after the last governor Chris Patten having given up the presidency that year.
| Portrait | Name (Born–Died) | Term of office | Political Party | Constituency | Assembly | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Duration | |||||||
| Sir John Joseph Swaine Chinese: 施偉賢爵士(1932–2012) | 19 February 1993 | 1995 | Appointed | 1991–95 | |||||
| Andrew Wong 黃宏發(born 1943) | 11 October 1995 | 30 June 1997 | New Territories Southeast | 1995–97 | |||||
| Portrait | Name (Born–Died) | Term of office | Political Party | Constituency | Assembly | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Duration | ||||||||
| 1 | Rita Fan 范徐麗泰(born 1945) | 2 July 1998 | 2008 | Independent (Pro-Beijing) | Election Committee | 1st 2nd | ||||
| Hong Kong Island | 3rd | |||||||||
| 2 | Jasper Tsang 曾鈺成(born 1947) | 8 October 2008 | 30 September 2016 | DAB (Pro-Beijing) | Hong Kong Island | 4th 5th | ||||
| 3 | Andrew Leung 梁君彥(born 1951) | 12 October 2016 | Incumbent | BPA (Pro-Beijing) | Industrial (First) | 6th 7th | ||||