Prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps explained

Whs:Prehistoric Pile Dwellings around the Alps
Image Upright:1.2
Location:(see map)
Includes:111 locations in Austria, France, Germany, Italy, Slovenia and Switzerland
Criteria:(iv), (v)
Id:1363
Year:2011

Prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps are a series of prehistoric pile dwelling (or stilt house) settlements in and around the Alps built from about 5000 to 500 BC on the edges of lakes, rivers or wetlands. In 2011, 111 sites located variously in Switzerland (56), Italy (19), Germany (18), France (11), Austria (5) and Slovenia (2) were added to the UNESCO World Heritage Site list.[1] In Slovenia, these were the first World Heritage Sites to be listed for their cultural value.[2]

Excavations conducted at some of the sites have yielded evidence regarding prehistoric life and the way communities interacted with their environment during the Neolithic and Bronze Ages in Alpine Europe. These settlements are a unique group of exceptionally well-preserved and culturally rich archaeological sites, which constitute one of the most important sources for the study of early agrarian societies in the region.[1]

Contrary to popular belief, the dwellings were not erected over water, but on nearby marshy land. They were set on piles to protect against occasional flooding. Because the lakes have grown in size over time, many of the original piles are now under water, giving modern observers the false impression that they have always been this way.[3] Climate change is changing the habitats of these sites.[4]

Sites

Country[5] Serial ID NumberNameLocationCoordinates[6] Location size (Ha)Buffer zone (Ha)Approx. Date occupied (BC)[7]
Switzerland 1363-001 Ägelmoos 0.96 10.5 2000–1000
Switzerland 1363-002 Riesi 3.8 16.5 1500–500
Switzerland 1363-003 0.6 18.4 3000–2500
Switzerland 1363-004 3.4 75.1 4000–3500, 3000–2500, 1000–500
Switzerland 1363-005 Lobsigensee 1.1 27.6 3500–3000
Switzerland 1363-006 2.8 49.6 3000–2500
Switzerland 1363-007 2.5 18.5 4000–3000
Switzerland 1363-008 2.3 28.7 4000–2500
Switzerland 1363-009 Les Grèves 2.62 2.4 3500–3000
Switzerland 1363-010 7.69 7.34000–3500, 3000–2500, 1500–500
Switzerland 1363-011 1.42 1.3 Neolithic
Switzerland 1363-012 2.83 4.7 3000–2500
Switzerland 1363-013 0.08 2.02 4000–3500
Switzerland 1363-014 Bellerive I 2.4 8.87 1000–500
Switzerland 1363-015 Port 1.94 10.9 4000–3500, 3000–2500, 2000–1500, 1000–500
Switzerland 1363-016 Bourg 3.03 15.93 1500–500
Switzerland 1363-017 0.65 56.82 5000–4000
Switzerland 1363-018 2.81 24.55 4000–2500
Switzerland 1363-019 3.55 67.78 4000–3500, 2500–500
Switzerland 1363-020 1.04 7.03 4000–2000
Switzerland 1363-021 1.32 1.2 4000–3500
Switzerland 1363-022 1.04 5.01 1040–986
Switzerland 1363-023 1.51 1.63 4000–3500, 3000–2000
Switzerland 1363-024 Les Graviers 0.57 2.13 3500–2500, 2000–1500, 1000–500
Switzerland 1363-025 Kehrsiten 1.26 5.14 4000–3000
Switzerland 1363-026 Weier I - III 0.48 3.44 4000–3500
Switzerland 1363-027 4.32 20.1 3500–3000, 2000–500
Switzerland 1363-028 2.4 16.12 3500–2500
Switzerland 1363-029 Burgäschisee Ost 0.3 90.69 4000–3500, 3000–2500
Switzerland 1363-030 Inkwilersee Insel 0.1 45.71 4000-3500, 3000–2500, 1000–500
Switzerland 1363-031 7.5 15.5 4000–1000
Switzerland 1363-032 0.92 49.1 2000–1500
Switzerland 1363-033 Bleiche 2-3 2.37 5.84 3500–3000, 2000–1500
Switzerland 1363-034 Insel Werd 2.8 44.08 4000–2500, 1500–500
Switzerland 1363-035 Egelsee 2.97 5.94 4000–3500
Switzerland 1363-036 Nussbaumersee 3.66 16.86 5000–2500, 1000–500
Switzerland 1363-037 Pointe de Montbec I Chabrey1.78 8.04 1500–500
Switzerland 1363-038 La Bessime 1.07 22.1 4000–3500, 1000–500
Switzerland 1363-039 Village 1.54 38.4 3500–2000
Switzerland 1363-040 Stations de Concise 6.5 11.5 4000–2500
Switzerland 1363-041 Corcelettes Les Violes 2.59 17.4 1500–500
Switzerland 1363-042 Les Roseaux 0.86 8.1 2000–1000
Switzerland 1363-043 Stations de Morges 2.12 7.91 2000–1000
Switzerland 1363-044 Chenevières de Guévaux I 1.04 9.73 2000–1500
Switzerland 1363-045 Baie de Clendy 1.87 38.7 4000–1500
Switzerland 1363-046 Le Marais 1.95 16.8 3500–2500, 1000–500
Switzerland 1363-047 Oterswil / Insel Eielen 0.45 10.82 3000–2000
Switzerland 1363-048 Riedmatt 0.28 2.61 3500–2500, 1500–1000
Switzerland 1363-049 Sumpf 1.55 7.5 1500–500
Switzerland 1363-050 3.01 6.6 4000–1500, 1000–500
Switzerland 1363-051 9.59 11.7 4000–2500
Switzerland 1363-052 0.7 4.8 4000–2500, 2000–1500, 1000–500
Switzerland 1363-053 1.49 22.5 3500–1500
Switzerland 1363-054 0.92 155 4000–2500, 2000–1500, 1000–500
Switzerland 1363-055 Zürich–Enge Alpenquai2.93 17.4 1500–500
Switzerland 1363-056 0.64 16.56 5000–1500, 1000–500
Austria 1363-057 0.21 132.5 4000–3500, 1000–500
Austria 1363-058 Abtsdorf I 1.1 91.43 1500–1000
Austria 1363-059 Abtsdorf III 0.22 91.43 4000–3000
Austria 1363-060 Litzlberg Süd 0.76 65.26 4000–3000
Austria 1363-061 See 1.22 0.97 3500–3000
France 1363-062 Le Grand Lac de Clairvaux 15.2 103.05 4000–500
France 1363-063 Lac de Chalain, rive occidentale 50.65 96.83 5300–600
France 1363-064 Lac d’Aiguebelette, zone sud 0.64 42.87 3000–2500
France 1363-065 Baie de Grésine 4.09 31.5 1000–500
France 1363-066 Baie de Châtillon 0.91 7.6 1000–500
France 1363-067 Hautecombe 2.03 5.7 3500–3000
France 1363-068 Littoral de Tresserve 2.12 72.4 1000–500
France 1363-069 Littoral de Chens-sur-Léman 0.93 92.6 1500–500
France 1363-070 Les Marais de Saint-Jorioz 0.49 4.3 4000–3500
France 1363-071 1.07 8.2 1500–500
France 1363-072 Secteur des Mongets 0.13 63.2 2000–1500
Germany 1363-073 Wangen-Hinterhorn 2.56 3.2 4000–2500, 1500–500
Germany 1363-074 Hornstaad-Hörnle 13.11 72.4 4000–2500
Germany 1363-075 Allensbach-Strandbad 2.65 6.6 4000–2500
Germany 1363-076 Wollmatingen-Langenrain 1.55 83.7 1000–500
Germany 1363-077 Konstanz-Hinterhausen 4.15 4.12 4000–3500, 3000–2500
Germany 1363-078 Litzelstetten-Krähenhorn 32 7.51 47.92 3960–3805
Germany 1363-079 Bodman-Schachen / Löchle 5.34 14.1 4000–3500, 3000–2500, 2000–1000
Germany 1363-080 Sipplingen-Osthafen 4.61 6.23 3919–2417, 934–933
Germany 1363-081 Unteruhldingen-Stollenwiesen 4.22 4.52 4000–3500, 3000–2500, 2000–500
Germany 1363-082 Ödenahlen 0.97 58.02 4000–3500
Germany 1363-083 Grundwiesen 0.54 3.42 3020–2700
Germany 1363-084 Siedlung Forschner 3.54 285.14 1767–1480
Germany 1363-085 Olzreute-Enzisholz 1.82 20.62 3000–2500
Germany 1363-086 Schreckensee 1.06 7.05 3651–3263
Germany 1363-087 Ehrenstein 1.33 2.42 4000–3500
Germany 1363-088 Pestenacker 0.57 3.66 3495–3481
Germany 1363-089 Unfriedshausen 0.79 7.69 3813–3535
Germany 1363-090 15.16 34.3 5000–2500, 2000–500
Italy 1363-091 Palù di Livenza – Santissima 13.48 86.72 4766–4375, 3768–3538
Italy 1363-092 Lavagnone 6.04 14.45 2500–1000
Italy 1363-093 San Sivino, Gabbiano 1.85 3.46 2500–1500
Italy 1363-094 Lugana Vecchia 2.59 11.16 2500–1000
Italy 1363-095 Lucone 7.66 68.2 5000–3500, 2500–1500
Italy 1363-096 Lagazzi del Vho 2.77 18.46 2000–1500
Italy 1363-097 Bande - Corte Carpani 7.33 36.4 2005–1959
Italy 1363-098 Castellaro Lagusello - Fondo Tacoli 1.23 59.04 2000–1000
Italy 1363-099 Isolino Virginia-Camilla-Isola di San Biagio 3.79 25.07 5000–1000
Italy 1363-100 Bodio centrale o delle Monete 1.67 28.55 2000–1000
Italy 1363-101 Il Sabbione o settentrionale 1.18 9.61 2000–1000
Italy 1363-102 VI.1-Emissario 5.86 852.77 2000–1000
Italy 1363-103 Mercurago 5.16 270.06 2000–1000
Italy 1363-104 Molina di Ledro 0.78 2.31 1900–1300
Italy 1363-105 Fiavé-Lago Carera 10.7 73.92 4000–3500, 2000–1000
Italy 1363-106 Belvedere 2.52 12.46 2500–1500
Italy 1363-107 1.48 31.19 2000–1000
Italy 1363-108 Tombola 1.51 123.76 1500–1000
Italy 1363-109 Laghetto della Costa 1.56 6.52 2500–1500
Slovenia 1363-110 Kolišča na Igu, severna skupina 19.2 516.65 3000–1500
Slovenia 1363-111 Kolišča na Igu, južna skupina 26.1 516.55 5000–2500

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1363/ UNESCO World Heritage Site - Prehistoric Pile dwellings around the Alps
  2. Pile-dwellings in the Ljubljansko Barje on UNESCO List . Embassy Newsletter . Embassy of Slovenia in Washington . 14 October 2011 . Maša Štiftar de Arzu.
  3. Armando Mombelli, Lake dwellings reveal hidden past, SwissInfo.ch, Nov 11, 2011
  4. Dworsky. Cyril . Sunken landscapes and settlement areas. On the reconquest of underwater archaeological sites. Internet Archaeology. 2023. 62. 10.11141/ia.62.5. free.
  5. https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1363/multiple=1&unique_number=1782 Prehistoric Pile dwellings around the Alps, Locations
  6. Location and coordinates taken from Palafittes.org nominating documents-Revised executive summary accessed 12 August 2011. Coordinates converted from UTM.
  7. http://www.palafittes.org/en/products-downloads/nomination-dossier/download-nomination-file/index.html palafittes.org nomination documents

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