| Official Name: | Nepalgunj |
| Native Name: | Nepali: नेपालगन्ज |
| Settlement Type: | Sub-Metropolitan City |
| Pushpin Map: | Nepal Lumbini Province#Nepal |
| Pushpin Mapsize: | 300 |
| Coordinates: | 28.05°N 118°W |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: |  Nepal |
| Subdivision Type1: | Province |
| Subdivision Type2: | Zone |
| Subdivision Type3: | District |
| Subdivision Name1: | Lumbini[1] |
| Subdivision Name2: | Bheri |
| Subdivision Name3: | Banke |
| Government Type: | Mayor–council |
| Leader Title: | Mayor |
| Leader Party: | Congress |
| Leader Name: | Prashant Bista[2] |
| Leader Title1: | Deputy Mayor |
| Leader Name1: | Kamruddin Rayi (PSP-N) |
| Leader Title2: | Executive Officer |
| Leader Name2: | Shiva Prasad Rijal[3] |
| Area Total Km2: | 85.94 |
| Elevation M: | 150 |
| Population Total: | 166,258 |
| Population As Of: | 2021 |
| Population Rank: | 16th |
| Population Footnotes: | [4] |
| Population Density Km2: | 1,616.84 |
| Area Code: | 081 |
| Website: | www.nepalgunjmun.gov.np |
| Timezone: | NST |
| Utc Offset: | +5:45 |
Nepalgunj (Nepali: नेपालगन्ज; in Nepali pronounced as /neˈpalɡʌnd͡z/), also spelled Nepalganj, is a Sub-Metropolitan City in Banke District, Nepal. It lies on the Terai plains near the southern border with Bahraich district in Uttar Pradesh, India. Nepalgunj is 153 kilometers south-west of Ghorahi and 16 km south of Kohalpur. Former Village Development Committee: Udayapur, Bhawaniyapur, Piprahawa, Jaispur, Paraspur, Indrapur, Khaskarkado, Bashudevpur, Manikapur and Puraina were added to territory in order to make it Sub metropolitan city on 2071 Paush 28 and later Puraini was also added in list on 2072 Paush 21. Further, while restructuring of local levels nationwide, ward no. 23 (former Indrapur VDC) was taken out to Janaki Rural Municipality and ward no. 7 of Hirminiya VDC was added to Nepalgunj.
At the time of the 2011 Nepal census, Nepalgunj Sub-Metropolitan City had a population of 141,241. Of these, 33.7% spoke Nepali, 30.7% Awadhi, 27.2% Urdu, 2.1% Hindi, 1.8% Tharu, 1.4% Maithili, 1.0% Newar, 0.6% Magar, 0.3% Doteli and 1.2% other languages as their first language.
In terms of ethnicity/caste, 28.2% were Musalman, 10.7% Chhetri, 8.6% Hill Brahmin, 4.0% Thakuri, 3.7% Magar, 3.5% Yadav, 3.2% Tharu, 3.0% Newar, 3.0% Kathabaniyan and 32.1% others.
In terms of religion, 70.0% were Hindu, 27.8% Muslim, 1.1% Buddhist, 0.8% Christian, 0.1% Kirati and 0.2% others.[5]
Nepalgunj has a diverse culture with people from different faiths living within mixed communities. Hinduism and Buddhism are two major religions in the city, with Hindus comprising the larger percentage of the population. The city also has followers of other religions like Islam, Sikhism and Christianity. People of different ethnicity are known to have traditionally lived together, without any significant conflicts.
However, recent conflict occurred in December 2006 between the Pahari people and the Madhesi people, following immediately after the 2006 democracy movement in Nepal. The conflict resulted in the death of at least one person, while dozens of others were injured.
Nepalgunj Airport is located 6 km north of the city centre. The airport was officially named Mahendra Airport after the late King Mahendra, but it is commonly referred to as Ranjha Airport. It operated flights to Kathmandu and to airports in less-developed western districts such as Humla, Dolpa, Jumla, Mugu and Rukum. Nepalgunj airport is the gateway for pilgrims headed to Mt Kailash in Tibet via the Simikot-Hilsa route in Humla district, which, following the 2015 earthquake in Nepal, has become the dominant route for Kailash pilgrimage through Nepal.[6] [7]
Nepalgunj airport is undergoing major redevelopment, and by 2025 its capacity will be increased and it will have world-class facilities inside the airport for customers. The Nepalgunj-Kohalpur highway has been widened to four lanes and is considered one of the best in the country. This has made the journey to Kolhapur easy.Nepalgunj has bus and minibus services. The country's longest highway, the Mahendra Highway, runs through the town of Kohalpur, 10 kilometers from Nepalgunj city center.
An Indian Railways line reaches Rupaidiha across the border. It involves train changes at Gonda, Bahraich, and Nanpara. For travellers coming in from India it is also possible to take an express train to Lucknow and from there a direct bus to Rupaidiha. Indian and Nepalese nationals may cross the border without restrictions; however, there is a customs checkpoint for goods and third country nationals.
See also: List of hospitals in Nepal.
Nepalgunj has several boarding and government-run schools. Mahendra Multiple Campus is the largest public higher-level institution in the district, and is affiliated to Tribhuvan University. The city recently inaugurated Lumbini Technological University in July 2022, which provides promising future regarding the education sector in the area.[8]
With the boost in the tourism industry after the change in political scenario of Nepal in the 1950s, the hotel and restaurant industries in Nepalgunj have experienced significant growth. Some hotels of the city feature in the atmospheric travel memoir A Glimpse of Eternal Snows[9] [10] by Jane Wilson-Howarth.
Nepalgunj has a sub-tropical climate. Temperatures sometimes exceed from April to June. During the rainy season—arriving in June and lasting into September—it is less hot but sometimes very humid. Winter is usually pleasant while the sun is out. It sometimes is foggy and overcast; then it can be chilly with temperatures below but no frost. The highest temperature ever recorded in Nepalgunj was in June 2023,[11] while the lowest temperature ever recorded was on 9 January 2013.[12]
Cricket and association football are the two most popular sports in Nepalgunj. Most of the city's big sports tournaments are held in the city's football stadium and gymnasium., an international cricket stadium is under construction in Kohalpur.[13]
Radio Bageshwori, 94.6 MHz, is the first commercial radio station established in western part of Nepal which is also a household name in Nepalgunj,Banke has been a pillar of the community for nearly two decades. Established in 2004, on October 12th, the radio station boasts a long and rich history of providing informative, educational, and entertaining programs to the people of Nepalgunj and surrounding areas.The city also has several community radio stations:
and also Two cinema halls, Laxmi hall and QFX Bageshwori, can be found in Nepalgunj.