| Průhonice | |
| Settlement Type: | Municipality |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Type1: | Region |
| Subdivision Name1: | Central Bohemian |
| Subdivision Type2: | District |
| Subdivision Name2: | Prague-West |
| Pushpin Map: | Czech Republic |
| Pushpin Relief: | 1 |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location in the Czech Republic |
| Coordinates: | 50.0017°N 14.5603°W |
| Established Title: | First mentioned |
| Established Date: | 1187 |
| Area Total Km2: | 7.69 |
| Elevation M: | 306 |
| Population As Of: | 2024-01-01 |
| Population Footnotes: | [1] |
| Population Total: | 2822 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Timezone1: | CET |
| Utc Offset1: | +1 |
| Timezone1 Dst: | CEST |
| Utc Offset1 Dst: | +2 |
| Postal Code Type: | Postal code |
| Postal Code: | 252 43 |
Průhonice is a municipality and village in Prague-West District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 2,800 inhabitants. It is known for Průhonice Park, which has been included in the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites.
The village of Rozkoš is an administrative part of Průhonice.
Průhonice is located about 4km (02miles) southeast of Prague. It lies in a flat landscape in the Prague Plateau. The Botič River flows through the municipality. The municipal territory is rich in small fishponds.
The first written mention of Průhonice is from 1187, when the Church of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary was consecrated. The first documented owners of the village are from the 1270s, when it was the property of a family that called itself the Lords of Průhonice. In the 14th century, Průhonice was owned by the Lords of Říčany. In the 16th century, Průhonice was owned by the Zapský of Zápy family. They had rebuilt the local castle into a Renaissance aristocratic residence.[2]
The estate flourished in the 18th century, when it was owned by the Desfours family. In the 19th, Průhonice was the property of the Nostitz-Rieneck family. Johann Nepomuk von Nostitz-Rieneck has completely rebuilt the Průhonice Castle in the Neoclassical style.[2]
The D1 motorway from Prague to Brno passes through Průhonice. On 1 January 2023, the 5.2km (03.2miles) long section of the D1 motorway from Prague to Průhonice was reclassified to a first class road.[3]
Průhonice Castle Park is one of the most significant castle parks in the Czech Republic. Since 2010, it has been protected as a national cultural monument. Later in 2010, it also has been included in the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites (as part of Historic Centre of Prague).[4] It is described as "original masterpiece of garden landscape architecture of worldwide importance".[5] It has area of,[6] out of which is UNESCO World Heritage Site. It was founded in 1885 by Count Arnošt Emanuel Silva Tarouca.[5]
The Romanesque Church of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary is located in the park. It is the oldest preserved building in the municipality.[7]
The Dendrological Garden was founded in the 1970s. It has an area of 73ha. There are about 5,000 taxa of woody plants and perennials, which makes it one of the largest collections of ornamental plants in the country.[7]