| Type: | parish |
| Povoação | |
| Region: | Azores |
| Island: | São Miguel |
| Municipality: | Povoação |
| Coordinates: | 37.7483°N -25.2442°W |
| Established Date: | Settlement: c. 1472 |
| Area Total Km2: | 26.23 |
| Population As Of: | 2011 |
| Population Total: | 2161 |
| Postal Code: | 9650-426 |
| Area Code: | 292 |
| Patron: | Nossa Senhora da Mãe de Deus |
Povoação is a civil parish in the municipality (concelho) of Povoação, on the island of São Miguel in the Portuguese archipelago of the Azores. The population in 2011 was 2,161,[1] in an area of 26.23 km2.[2]
Colonization of the island is commonly associated with the settlement of Povoação Velha, the first colony on the island of São Miguel.[3] "Arriving here on the island, the nine discoverers took land in the place where today we call Povoação Velha for which they made later...and, disembarked between two fresh ravines of clear, sweet and cold waters, (the Ribeira de Além and the Ribeira de Pelames) between the cliffs and high lands, (Morro de Santa Bárbara and Lomba dos Pós) all covered in greenery of cedro, laurel, ginger and faias, and other diverse".[3] From the beginning, the locality impressed the settlers, since it was abundant in vegetation, to them indicating a fertile land. Settlement, therefore, progressed from this point on the island: they transported cattle, wheat seed, legumes and agricultural implements.[3]
The parish church, dedicated to Nossa Senhora da Mãe de Deus (Our Lady The Mother of God), was constructed from 24 July 1848, and emblematic for is gilded wood altarpieces and the image of its patron.
On 4 July 1865 the parish council building was first inaugurated, later to be the site of the municipalities local government.
For a long time the fertility of the lands within the Povoação crater made the region recognized as the cereal center of the island.