| Conventional Long Name: | Ukraine |
| Native Name: | |
| Common Name: | Ukraine |
| Demonym: | Ukrainian |
| P1: | Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic1991: Ukrainian SSR |
| Flag P1: | Flag of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic.svg |
| P2: | Soviet Union |
| Flag P2: | Flag of the Soviet Union.svg |
| P3: | Government of the Ukrainian People's Republic in exile1992: Ukrainian government-in-exile |
| Flag P3: | Flag of Ukraine (1917–1921).svg |
| S1: | Ukraine |
| Flag S1: | Flag of Ukraine.svg |
| Image Flag2: | Flag of Ukraine (1991–1992).svg |
| Flag Type: | Co-flags (1991–92) |
| Symbol: | Coat of arms of Ukraine |
| Other Symbol Type: | Flag (1992–96) |
| Title Leader: | President |
| Leader1: | Leonid Kravchuk |
| Year Leader1: | 1991 - 1994 (first) |
| Leader2: | Leonid Kuchma |
| Year Leader2: | 1994 - 1996 (last) |
| Title Representative: | Prime Minister |
| Representative1: | Vitold Fokin |
| Year Representative1: | 1991 - 1992 (first) |
| Representative2: | Pavlo Lazarenko |
| Year Representative2: | 1996 (last) |
| Legislature: | Verkhovna Rada[1] |
| Common Languages: | Ukrainiana[2] Russian[3] |
| Event Pre: | Sovereignty declared |
| Date Pre: | 16 June 1990 |
| Event Start: | Independence declared |
| Date Start: | 24 August |
| Year Start: | 1991 |
| Event1: | Referendum |
| Date Event1: | 1 December 1991 |
| Event2: | Belavezha Accords |
| Date Event2: | 10 December 1991 |
| Event3: | Independence recognized |
| Date Event3: | 26 December 1991 |
| Event End: | New Constitution |
| Date End: | 28 June |
| Year End: | 1996 |
| Capital: | Kyiv |
| Largest City: | capital |
| Government Type: | Unitary semi-presidential Transitional government |
| Currency: | Ukrainian karbovanets |
| Today: | Ukraine Russia (disputed) |
The post-Soviet transition in Ukraine was the period following the country's independence in 1991 up until the adoption of its constitution in 1996.
Ukraine's territory (including the Crimean Peninsula) was the same as that of the Ukrainian SSR with a land area of about .
The Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic was one of the founding states of the Soviet Union (USSR). Prior to its creation, the Ukrainian People's Republic was proclaimed in 1917 and declared its independence from Russia on 25 January 1918 before being consumed by Soviet Russia in 1921.
In 1985, Mikhail Gorbachev became head of state of the USSR and introduced several policies, such as the perestroika and glasnost. Instead of saving the Soviet regime, the reforms triggered a number of popular upheavals in Europe, such as the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989.
Between 1990 and 1991, several republics of the Soviet Union proclaimed their state sovereignty and then announced their independence. On July 16, 1990, the Ukrainian SSR's parliament issued its 12th legislation proclaiming the sovereignty of Ukraine's territory and the country eventually declared its independence on August 24, 1991. The declaration was then confirmed by the results of the referendum on December 1 later that year, where 90,3 % of voters were in favor of independence.[4] The same day, Leonid Kravchuk, head of the Supreme Council of Ukraine, was elected as the country's first president. Shortly after, an economic then political crisis developed and Kravchuk organized another presidential election as a response.[4] In 1992, Mykola Plaviuk, the exiled Ukrainian president, handed over powers to Kravchuk, thus declaring the Ukrainian government a legal successor to the Ukrainian People's Republic.
See also: Autonomous Republic of Crimea.
See also: 1994 Ukrainian presidential election. In 1994, Leonid Kuchma was elected by 52% of the voters. He started implementing certain economic reforms paving the way for aid from the International Monetary Fund. However, Kuchma fails to obtain a majority in the following legislative election by parliament and had to share power with the opposition. The 13th legislation was issued by parliament on June 28, 1996, where a constitution was adopted and took effect immediately afterwards. The country's official name became "Ukraine" instead of "Republic of Ukraine".[4]