| Election Name: | 1945 Portuguese National Assembly election |
| Country: | Portugal |
| Type: | parliamentary |
| Ongoing: | no |
| Previous Election: | 1942 Portuguese legislative election |
| Previous Year: | 1942 |
| Next Election: | 1949 Portuguese legislative election |
| Next Year: | 1949 |
| Seats For Election: | 120 seats to the National Assembly |
| Majority Seats: | 61 |
| Election Date: | 18 November 1945 |
| Leader1: | António de Oliveira Salazar |
| Party1: | National Union (Portugal) |
| Last Election1: | 100 seats |
| Seats1: | 120 |
| Seat Change1: | 20 |
| Popular Vote1: | 489,133 |
| Percentage1: | 100.0% |
| Map Size: | 300px |
| Prime Minister | |
| Posttitle: | Prime Minister after election |
| Before Election: | António de Oliveira Salazar |
| Before Party: | National Union (Portugal) |
| After Election: | António de Oliveira Salazar |
| After Party: | National Union (Portugal) |
Parliamentary elections were held in Portugal on 18 November 1945.[1] Following reforms introduced by António de Oliveira Salazar, they were the first elections in the Estado Novo to allow opposition parties. The Movement of Democratic Unity was formed by opposition activists, but alongside all opposition candidates,[2] they withdrew from the election before polling day, alleging electoral fraud.[3] As a result, only candidates of the National Union contested the election.[4]
Prior to the elections, the electoral system underwent significant reform. The single 100-member national constituency was replaced by 21 multi-member constituencies and one single-member constituency covering the Azores, together electing a total of 120 members, 13 of which were from Portuguese colonies.[5]
Voters could now delete names from the lists of candidates, but could not replace them.[5] Suffrage was given to all men aged 21 or over as long as they were literate or paid over 100 escudos in taxation, and to women aged over 21 if they had completed secondary education, or, in an extension to the rules, if they were the head of a household and met the same literacy and tax criteria as men.[5]
| Party | Votes | % | Seats |
|---|---|---|---|
| National Union | 120 | ||
| Invalid/blank votes | – | – | |
| Total | 489,133 | 100 | 120 |
| Registered voters/turnout | 909,456 | 53.8 | – |
| align=left colspan=4 | Source: Nohlen & Stöver | ||