Porsche flat-six engine explained

Porsche flat-6 engine
Manufacturer:Porsche
Production:1963–present
Configuration:flat-6
Displacement:NaNL[1]
Bore:NaNmm[2] [3]
Stroke:NaNmm[4] [5]
Valvetrain:12-valve to 24-valve, SOHC/DOHC, two-valves per cylinder to four-valves per cylinder[6]
Turbocharger:Yes (some models)
Power:NaNhp
Torque:NaNlbft
Fuelsystem:Mechanical fuel injection
Carburetor
Direct fuel injection
Fueltype:Gasoline
Oilsystem:Dry sump
Coolingsystem:Air-cooled[7]
Water-cooled
Weight:NaNlb

The Porsche flat-six engine series is a line of mechanically similar, naturally aspirated and sometimes turbocharged, flat-six boxer engines, produced by Porsche for almost 60 consecutive years, since 1963.[8] [9] The engine is an evolution of the flat-four boxer used in the original Volkswagen Beetle.[10] [11] [12]

The flat-six engine is most often associated with their 911 model, Porsche's flagship rear-engined sports car which has used flat-six engines exclusively since 1963.[13] The engines were air-cooled until 1999, when Porsche started using water-cooled engines.[14] [15] [16] [17]

In April 2011, Porsche announced the third generation of the 997 GT3 RS with an enlarged 4.0-litre engine having a power output of 5000NaN0. The naturally-aspirated 4.0-litre flat-six engine (the largest engine offered in a street-legal 911) was introduced with their 911 (997) GT3 RS 4.0, in 2011.[18] The engine itself uses the crankshaft from the RSR with increased stroke dimensions (from 76.4 mm to 80.4 mm). This change increased the power output to 5000NaN0 at 8,250 rpm and 460Nm of torque at 5,750 rpm.[19] giving it a power-to-weight ratio of 365 hp per ton. Only 600 cars were built.[18] [20] At 4930NaN0,[21] the engine is one of the most powerful six-cylinder naturally aspirated engines in any production car with a 123.250NaN0 per litre output.[22] [6] [23] [24] [25]

Other Porsche models that use flat-six engines are the 1970–1972 Porsche 914/6 (mid-engine), the 1986–1993 Porsche 959 (rear-engine), and the 1996–2021 Porsche Boxster/Cayman (mid-engine).[26] [27] [28]

The Porsche 962 sports prototype also used a twin-turbocharged flat-six engine.[29] [30] [31] [32]

Applications

Road cars

Porsche

Race cars

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Porsche's new 4.0-litre flat-six has "a lot of room" for more power . 22 July 2019 . 17 November 2021 . 17 November 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211117091743/https://www.whichcar.com.au/news/porsches-new-40-litre-flat-six-has-a-lot-of-room-for-more-power . live .
  2. Web site: How Porsche's brilliant air-cooled flat-six engine thrived for three decades . 3 October 2019 . 19 October 2021 . 19 October 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211019000319/https://www.hagerty.com/media/hagerty-magazine/porsches-air-cooled-flat-six-engine-thrived/ . live .
  3. Web site: GT3 Engine Displacement. Performance Developments. https://web.archive.org/web/20220310183806/http://performancedevelopments.com/gt3-engine-displacement/#:~:text=Recently%20Porsche%20released%20the%204.0,keep%20the%20102.70mm%20bore . 10 March 2022. 14 August 2024. .
  4. Web site: Porsche twin-cam 6-cylinder engine . 19 January 2018 . 7 April 2022 . 17 May 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220517011609/https://www.stuttcars.com/porsche-twin-cam-6-cylinder-engine/ . live .
  5. Web site: Porsche 911 GT3 RS 4.2 could get 518bhp from enlarged flat six . 7 April 2022 . 7 April 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220407110510/https://www.autocar.co.uk/car-news/new-cars/porsche-911-gt3-rs-42-could-get-518bhp-enlarged-flat-six . live .
  6. Web site: Flat Sixy: The Evolution of the Porsche 911 in the U.S.. 13 December 2013. 19 October 2021. 19 October 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211019000318/https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a15366914/flat-sixy-the-evolution-of-porsche-911-engine-size-technology-and-output-in-the-u-s/. live.
  7. Web site: The Porsche Flat-Six Engine . 19 October 2021 . 19 October 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211019000319/https://myautoworld.com/porsche/cars/history/history-engine-flat6/history-engine-flat6.html . live .
  8. Web site: Dr. Ing. h.c. F. Porsche AG. 19 October 2021. Production anniversary of the Porsche 911. en. 19 October 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211019005130/https://presskit.porsche.de/specials/en/porsche-1mio-911/topic/from-zero-to-1000000/id-1963-the-original-911.html. live.
  9. Web site: 10 August 2015. 1963 – 1964 Porsche 911 (901) @ Top Speed. 19 October 2021. Top Speed. en. 23 April 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230423152230/https://www.topspeed.com/cars/porsche/1963-porsche-911-901/. live.
  10. Web site: The flat engine tradition. 19 October 2021. Porsche Newsroom. 3 July 2018 . en-us. 19 October 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211019000320/https://newsroom.porsche.com/en_US/technology/porsche-flat-engine-sports-car-tradition-design-principle-internal-combustion-engine-lightweight-power-dynamic-15767.html. live.
  11. News: 21 August 2021. Here's Why Porsche Uses Flat Engines. 19 October 2021. HotCars. en-US. 19 October 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211019000318/https://www.hotcars.com/heres-why-porsche-uses-flat-engines/. live.
  12. Web site: The Porsche Flat-Six Engine. 19 October 2021. myautoworld.com. 19 October 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211019000319/https://myautoworld.com/porsche/cars/history/history-engine-flat6/history-engine-flat6.html. live.
  13. Web site: The flat engine tradition . 3 July 2018 . 19 October 2021 . 19 October 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211019000320/https://newsroom.porsche.com/en_US/technology/porsche-flat-engine-sports-car-tradition-design-principle-internal-combustion-engine-lightweight-power-dynamic-15767.html . live .
  14. Web site: Flat Sixy: The Evolution of Porsche 911 Engine Size, Technology, and Output in the U.S. . www.caranddriver.com . 21 September 2019 . 13 December 2013 . 21 September 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190921022944/https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a15366914/flat-sixy-the-evolution-of-porsche-911-engine-size-technology-and-output-in-the-u-s/ . live .
  15. Web site: House. © Future Publishing Limited Quay. Ambury. The. Engl. Bath BA1 1UA All rights reserved. number 2008885. Wales company registration. 18 November 2015. Flat six engine: A Porsche 911 history. 19 October 2021. Total 911. en-GB. 19 October 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211019000319/https://www.total911.com/flat-six-engine-a-porsche-911-history/. live.
  16. Web site: 3 October 2019. How Porsche's brilliant air-cooled flat-six engine thrived for three decades. 19 October 2021. Hagerty Media. en-US. 19 October 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211019000319/https://www.hagerty.com/media/hagerty-magazine/porsches-air-cooled-flat-six-engine-thrived/. live.
  17. Web site: Flat Six Innovations – Porsche Engine Experts. 19 October 2021. en-US. 19 October 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211019000318/https://flat6innovations.com/. live.
  18. Web site: Porsche 911 GT3 RS 4.0: Biggest 911 Engine Ever Offered. The Gary Stock Company + Porsche Cars North America, Inc.. 16 April 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150416153546/http://press.porsche.com/news/release.php?id=644. 16 April 2015. dead.
  19. Web site: Porsche AG: Limited edition racing car: 911 GT3 RS 4.0 – Porsche USA. Porsche HOME: Limited edition racing car: 911 GT3 RS 4.0 – Porsche USA. 17 November 2021. 17 November 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211117091740/https://www.porsche.com/usa/aboutporsche/pressreleases/pag/?pool=international-de&id=2011-04-28. live.
  20. evo – Porsche 911 GT3 RS 4.0 news, pictures and video. Evo. 27 April 2011. 30 April 2001. 1 May 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20110501122900/http://www.evo.co.uk/news/evonews/267253/porsche_911_gt3_rs_40_news_pictures_and_video.html. live.
  21. evo – Porsche 911 GT3 RS 4.0 news, pictures and video. Evo. 28 April 2011. 13 July 2011. 11 August 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20110811224629/http://www.evo.co.uk/news/evonews/267253/porsche_911_gt3_rs_40_news_pictures_and_video.html. live.
  22. autoblog.com/2011/04/28/video-porsche-911-gt3-rs-4-0-takes-to-the-track/
  23. Web site: Porsche's new 4.0-litre flat-six has "a lot of room" for more power. WhichCar. 22 July 2019 . 17 November 2021. 17 November 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211117091743/https://www.whichcar.com.au/news/porsches-new-40-litre-flat-six-has-a-lot-of-room-for-more-power. live.
  24. Web site: 2018 Porsche 911 GT3 gets 500-hp 4.0-liter engine, six-speed manual. 17 November 2021. 17 November 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211117091739/https://www.motor1.com/news/138140/2018-porsche-911-gt3-revealed/. live.
  25. Web site: How does Porsche consistently improve its NA flat-six? Clever engineering. 25 February 2021. 17 November 2021. 17 November 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211117091739/https://www.hagerty.com/media/maintenance-and-tech/how-does-porsche-consistently-improve-its-na-flat-six-clever-engineering/. live.
  26. Web site: Under the skin: How Porsche revived flat-six engines for the 718. 19 October 2021. Autocar. en. 19 October 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211019001820/https://www.autocar.co.uk/car-news/technology/under-skin-how-porsche-revived-flat-six-engines-718. live.
  27. Web site: 23 September 2016. Flat 6 The Cream of The Crop. 19 October 2021. Porsche Hangout. en-US. 19 October 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211019000318/https://porschehangout.com/flat-6-engine/. live.
  28. Web site: Porsche 718 Boxster GTS 4.0 – Porsche USA. 17 November 2021. 17 November 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211117091739/https://www.porsche.com/usa/models/718/718-models/718-boxster-gts-4/. live.
  29. Web site: Porsche 956/962 engines – Group C vs IMSA. 26 July 2019. 2 November 2021. 2 November 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211102114637/https://www.porscheroadandrace.com/porsche-956-962-engines-group-c-vs-imsa/. live.
  30. Web site: 1986 Porsche 962C | Porsche. 27 April 2016. 2 November 2021. 23 April 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230423152141/https://www.supercars.net/blog/1986-porsche-962c/. live.
  31. Web site: Dr. Ing. H.c. F. Porsche AG . 2 November 2021 . 16 June 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210616212144/https://presskit.porsche.de/museum/en/2019/topic/exhibitions/cars/porsche-962-c-le-mans-1987.html . live .
  32. Web site: Mulsanne's Corner: 1984–1995 Porsche 962 and 962C. 2 November 2021. 8 December 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211208125649/http://www.mulsannescorner.com/Porsche962.html. live.
  33. Web site: Porsche 914 2.0 Technical Specs, Dimensions . 7 April 2022 . 15 April 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150415134327/http://www.ultimatespecs.com/car-specs/Porsche/16792/Porsche-914-20.html . live .
  34. Web site: "Engine of the Year Award" for the 2.7-litre flat-six engine, – Dr. Ing. H.c. F. Porsche AG Press Database . 7 April 2022 . 23 April 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230423152153/https://press.porsche.com/prod/presse_pag/PressResources.nsf/Content?ReadForm&languageversionid=95081&archive=1 . live .
  35. Web site: Stuttgart's new screaming six is an 8000rpm party . 18 June 2019 . 7 April 2022 . 17 November 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211117091755/https://www.whichcar.com.au/news/stuttgarts-new-screaming-six-is-an-8000rpm-party . live .
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  42. Web site: The Porsche 935 Baby raced, won, then immediately retired. 15 November 2021. 15 November 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211115205409/https://www.goodwood.com/grr/race/historic/2019/8/the-porsche-935-baby-raced-won-then-immediately-retired/. live.
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