European Solidarity Explained

European Solidarity
Native Name:Європейська солідарність
Native Name Lang:ua
Abbreviation:YeS
Leader1 Title:Leader
Leader1 Name:Petro Poroshenko
Founder:Petro Poroshenko
Headquarters:Kyiv
Split:Social Democratic Party of Ukraine (united)
Membership Year:2020
Membership:"Tens of thousands"
Ideology:Liberal conservatism
Civic nationalism[1]
National Democracy
Pro-Europeanism
Position:Centre-right
European:European People's Party (associate)[2]
Slogan:"Time to Unite"
International:International Democracy Union
Seats1 Title:[3]
Seats2 Title:Regions[4]
Country:Ukraine

European Solidarity (Ukrainian: Європейська солідарність|Yevropeys'ka solidarnist', YeS) is a political party in Ukraine. It has its roots in a parliamentary group called Solidarity dating from 2000 and has existed since in various forms as a political outlet for Petro Poroshenko. The party with its then name Petro Poroshenko Bloc won 132 of the 423 contested seats in the 2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election, more than any other party.[5] [6]

In August 2015, the Ukrainian Democratic Alliance for Reform (UDAR) merged into the party.[7] In May 2019, the UDAR undid this merge.[8] In October 2017, the party had about 30,000 members; former members of Party of Regions are denied membership.[9] In the 2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election, the party won 23 seats on the nationwide party list and 2 constituency seats.[10]

Initially formed as a social democratic party,[11] it shifted to the centre-right during the formation of Petro Poroshenko Bloc in 2014. Since then, it has been described as Christian democratic, liberal conservative,[12] conservative,[13] liberal,[14] and civic nationalist.[15] [16] Regarding their foreign stances, they support the membership of Ukraine in the European Union and a peaceful end to the Russo-Ukrainian War. In its program, they stated their support for decentralization and anti-corruption among other principles.

History

Solidarity (2000–2013)

The party started in 2000 as a parliamentary faction called "Solidarity", set up by Petro Poroshenko, until then a member of the Social Democratic Party of Ukraine (united) faction.[17] [18] Taras Kuzio claims that this happened with the help of then President Kuchma, who allegedly wanted to limit the influence of the SDPU(u). Many deputies elected in 1998 for the Peasant Party of Ukraine and Hromada joined the new parliamentary faction. Based on his parliamentary faction Poroshenko eventually established the Party of Ukraine's Solidarity.[19] In 2000 that party merged into what would become the Party of Regions (later to become for a period the biggest party of Ukraine[20]) and Poroshenko became a Party of Regions deputy.

In 2001, Poroshenko expressed interest in the creation of the Our Ukraine Bloc. However, in order to receive quote in Our Ukraine he had to join the bloc with his whole party. The Party of Ukraine's Solidarity failed to break away from the Party of Regions, therefore Poroshenko decided to create a new phantom party with a similar name, the party "Solidarity". At the 2002 parliamentary elections Solidarity was able to join Our Ukraine.[21] Top party members who received a parliamentary mandate on party list of the Our Ukraine electoral bloc in 2002 were Volodymyr Plyutynsky, Volodymyr Makeyenko, Eduard Matviychuk, Anatoliy Korchynsky, while a single constituency in Vinnytsia Oblast was won by Petro Poroshenko.

After 2002, Solidarity stopped participating in elections.[22] [23] In 2004, the party left Our Ukraine, and was represented by 23 deputies in the Verkhovna Rada (the forming of new factions whose parties were not directly elected into parliament was not unique in Ukraine at the time.)[24] In March 2013 the Ministry of Justice asked the Central Election Commission of Ukraine for evidence that Solidarity had not been involved in elections since 2003.

On 17 June 2013, Fatherland member of parliament Yuriy Stets became head of the party.[25] Stets was a member of the united opposition's political council.

On 16 October 2013, a court cancelled the registration certificate of Solidarity. The party could have challenged this on appeal, but did not and was legally eliminated on 31 December 2013 "due to lack of reporting". and because for more than 10 years had not participated in any election.[26]

Petro Poroshenko Bloc (2014–2019)

Early in 2014, Poroshenko became leader of the National Alliance of freedom and Ukrainian patriotism "OFFENSIVE", which was renamed "All-Ukrainian Union Solidarity".[26] [27] By doing so, Poroshenko de facto prolonged the life of Solidarity and de facto merged the National Alliance of freedom and Ukrainian patriotism "OFFENSIVE" into Solidarity[26] [27] (legally the original party "Solidarity" does not exist anymore[26] [27]). National Alliance of freedom and Ukrainian patriotism "OFFENSIVE" was registered in May 2000 under the name All-Ukrainian Party of Peace and Unity (Ukrainian: Всеукраїнська партія миру i єдності, HPEM). It was not allowed to participate in the electoral alliance "Rainbow" in the Ukrainian 2002 parliamentary elections. In the 2006 elections, the party failed as part of the electoral alliance Yuriy Karmazin Bloc to win parliamentary representation. In the 2007 elections, the party failed again as part of the All-Ukrainian Community to win parliamentary representation.[28] After this election (the party) "All-Ukrainian Party of Peace and Unity" was renamed National Alliance of Freedom and Ukrainian patriotism "OFFENSIVE".[29] National Alliance of freedom and Ukrainian patriotism "OFFENSIVE" did not participate in the 2012 parliamentary elections.[30]

In May and June 2014, Ukrainska Pravda characterised the party ("All-Ukrainian Union Solidarity") as "a myth with no website, unknown phone numbers and non existing addresses".[26] [27] At the 2014 presidential election, Poroshenko was elected President of Ukraine.[31] [32] [33] [34] [35]

During a 27 August 2014 party congress, the "All-Ukrainian Union Solidarity" changed its name to "Bloc of Petro Poroshenko" (Ukrainian: Блок Петра Порошенка, Blok Petra Poroshenka),[36] and elected the former Minister of Internal Affairs, Yuriy Lutsenko, as the new leader of the party.[36]

On 2 September, Vitali Klitschko, then parliamentary leader of the Ukrainian Democratic Alliance for Reform, stated that since his party and the Petro Poroshenko Bloc had agreed to joint participation in parliamentary elections on 29 March 2014, the two parties were in discussion about running a joint list at the October 26 parliamentary election.[37] On 15 September it became clear that 30% of the Petro Poroshenko Bloc election list would be filled by members of UDAR and that UDAR leader Klitschko was at the top of this list; Klitschko vowed not to resign as incumbent Mayor of Kyiv,[38] but on 21 November he gave up his seat in the new parliament.[39] According to political scientist Tadeusz A. Olszański (in mid-September 2014) this deal with UDAR "enables it to use that party's large-scale structures, which the Poroshenko Bloc itself lacks".[40] The party won the parliamentary election with 132 seats, beating the runner-up People's Front, who won 82 seats.[6] People's Front was first in the nationwide party vote (22.14% against 21.81%) but the party won 69 constituency seats while People's Front won only 18.[6] On 27 November 2014, the party formed a parliamentary faction of 145 people (at the opening session of the new parliament).[41]

Top 10 politicians on the party list to the Ukrainian parliament: 1. Vitaliy Klychko, 2. Yuriy Lutsenko, 3. Olha Bohomolets, 4. Volodymyr Hroysman, 5. Mustafa Dzhemilev, 6. Yuliy Mamchur, 7. Maria Matios, 8. Mykola Tomenko, 9. Iryna Herashchenko, 10. Vitaliy Kovalchuk.

On 21 November 2014, the party became a member of the coalition supporting the second Yatsenyuk government and endorsed nine new ministers for the government.[42] [43]

In March 2015, "Solidarity" was added to the name "Bloc of Petro Poroshenko". On 28 August 2015 UDAR and Petro Poroshenko Bloc officially merged into Petro Poroshenko Bloc.[7] UDAR party leader Vitali Klitschko became so the new party leader.[7]

The party was one of the winners of the 2015 Ukrainian local elections.[44] It did well in West and central Ukraine and Kherson Oblast region.[45] [46]

According to Ukrainian media research of February 2016 22% of the parties' representatives in regional councils and 12% of the parties' parliamentary deputies were former members of the Party of Regions.[47]

Following the fall of the second Yatsenyuk government, the party joined the coalition that supports the 14 April 2016 installed Groysman Government.[48] In the weeks prior to this 11 MPs had switched to the faction making forming the coalition possible.[49] [50]

Klitschko resigned as Petro Poroshenko Bloc chairman (on 26 May) after a new law barring him as head of the Kyiv City State Administration to be chairman or a member of a political party took effect on 1 May 2016.[51]

On 18 May 2019, Klitschko announced that UDAR would take part in the 2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election autonomously.[8]

European Solidarity (from 2019)

The party changed its name to its current form on 24 May 2019.[52] According to party leader Poroshenko this had to be done in order to bring in a new leadership of the party and to win the 2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election.[53]

Top 10 politicians on the party list to the Ukrainian parliament in these elections were 1. Petro Poroshenko, 2. Andriy Parubiy, 3. Iryna Herashchenko, 4. Mykhailo Zabrodskyi, 5. Sofia Fedyna, 6. Mustafa Dzhemilev, 7. Yana Zinkevych, 8. Oleh Synyutka, 9. Akhtem Chyihoz, 10. Ivanna Klympush-Tsintsadze.[54]

In the 2019 parliamentary election, European Solidarity scored badly, dropping to 8.10% of votes and electing 23 MPs (37% of which were women[55]) on the nationwide party list and winning 2 constituency seats.[10] The party voted against the confidence vote in the new Honcharuk Government.

In June 2020, former Secretary of the National Security and Defense Council during Poroshenko's presidency Oleksandr Turchynov became head of the 2020 Ukrainian local elections headquarters of the party.[56] In this election European Solidarity did well in West and central Ukraine and it significantly improved on its 2019 parliamentary election result in all Ukrainian oblasts.[57] [58] 3,543 people won seats in local councils on behalf of the party, that is about 10.73% of the available seats.[59]

Ideology and positions

The party officially decries populism and advocates for pragmatism and realism. According to Oleg Varfolomeyev of the Eurasia Daily Monitor the party is a liberal party (and UDAR was as well).[60] According to Bohdan Butkevych of The Ukrainian Week, the party does not have an ideological unity. Due to the fact the party was created shortly before the 2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election and then its "party list was drawn up by taking almost anyone who was ready and willing to invest their own resources". Hence, its parliamentary faction consists of people who "have very different interests, methods of getting into parliament and plans".[61] (Hence) the party's MPs tend not to vote alike.[61]

The party broadly reflects Poroshenko's ideology. On 27 August 2014, newly elected party leader Yuriy Lutsenko stated that the Petro Poroshenko Bloc should help Poroshenko implement his election promises.[62] Official party positions include:[63]

Party leaders

Solidarity
Date Party leader
2001–2001 Mykhailo Antonyuk
2001–2002 Petro Poroshenko[67]
2013 Yuriy Stets
All-Ukrainian Party of Peace and Unity/National Alliance of freedom and Ukrainian patriotism "OFFENSIVE"
Date Party leader
2000–???? Lyudmyla Yankovska
2013–???? Ivanenko Yuriyovych, Sekel Mikhailovich, Yuri Khorlikov
Petro Poroshenko Bloc
Date Party leader
2014–2015 Yuriy Lutsenko
2015–2019 Vitali Klitschko
European Solidarity

Election results

Election results for Solidarity, All-Ukrainian Party of Peace and Unity, Petro Poroshenko Bloc and European Solidarity political party.

Verkhovna Rada

Solidarity
All-Ukrainian Party of Peace and Unity
ElectionParty leaderPerformanceRankGovernment
Votes%± ppSeats+/–
2006Yurii Karmazin165,881(Yuriy Karmazin Bloc)New 5 13th
2007Lydia Porechkina12,327(All-Ukrainian Community) 0.60 0 19th
Petro Poroshenko Bloc
European Solidarity

Presidential elections

ElectionCandidateFirst roundSecond roundResult
Votes%Votes%
20149,857,308bgcolor=lightgrey colspan=2Elected
20193,014,6094,522,450Lost

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Why ethnopolitics doesn't work in Ukraine. 28 August 2023.
  2. Web site: «Європейська Солідарність» офіційно отримала статус асоційованого члена ЄНП - Геращенко - Прямий. March 10, 2023. prm.ua.
  3. Web site: http://w1.c1.rada.gov.ua/pls/site2/p_fractions. uk:Депутатські фракції і групи VIII скликання: Назва депутатської фракції чи групи. Deputation factions and groups of the VIII convening: Name of the deputation faction or group. uk. Verkhovna Rada official website. 6 November 2015. 19 October 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171019045219/http://w1.c1.rada.gov.ua/pls/site2/p_fractions. live.
  4. News: https://www.cvk.gov.ua/pls/vm2020/pvm002pt001f01=695pt00_t001f01=695.html. uk:Обрані депутати місцевих рад. uk. www.cvk.gov.ua. 23 November 2020. 23 November 2020. 13 November 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20151113225301/http://www.cvk.gov.ua/wvm2015/pvm002pt001f01%3D100pt00_t001f01%3D100.html. live.
  5. News: Ian Bateson. Olena Goncharova. Kyiv Post staff. Poroshenko and Yatsenyuk's parties maneuver for lead role in coalition. Kyiv Post. 29 October 2014. 5 November 2015. 1 December 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20141201093442/http://www.kyivpost.com/content/ukraine/poroshenko-and-yatsenyuks-parties-maneuver-for-lead-role-in-coalition-369983.html. live.
    News: New Verkhovna Rada. Kyiv Post. 30 October 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20141031101752/http://www.kyivpost.com/opinion/editorial/new-verkhovna-rada-370121.html. dead. 31 October 2014.
  6. News: Poroshenko Bloc to have greatest number of seats in parliament. Ukrinform. 8 November 2014. 5 November 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20160109180125/http://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-politics/1726373-poroshenko_bloc_to_have_greatest_number_of_seats_in_parliament_327072.html. 9 January 2016. dead.
    News: People's Front 0.33% ahead of Poroshenko Bloc with all ballots counted in Ukraine elections - CEC. Interfax-Ukraine. 8 November 2014. 5 November 2015. 12 November 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20141112013057/http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/233404.html. live.
    News: Poroshenko Bloc to get 132 seats in parliament - CEC. Interfax-Ukraine. 8 November 2014. 5 November 2015. 4 April 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190404192732/http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/233426.html. live.
  7. News: Klitschko becomes leader of Petro Poroshenko Bloc 'Solidarity' party. Interfax-Ukraine. 28 August 2015. 5 November 2015. 31 August 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150831175605/http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/286616.html. live.
  8. Web site: Кличко заявив, що УДАР піде на вибори . Klitschko said that UDAR will go to the polls . 2023-05-22 . . uk-UA.
  9. News: 10 October 2017 . Headless party power. What happens to the BPP? . uk-UA . . live . 10 October 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220323192227/https://m.glavcom.ua/publications/bezgolova-partiya-vladi-shcho-vidbuvajetsya-z-bpp-442958.html . 23 March 2022.
  10. https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-elections/2748306-cec-counts-100-percent-of-vote-in-ukraines-parliamentary-elections.html CEC counts 100 percent of vote in Ukraine's parliamentary elections
  11. News: 2019. European Solidarity. uk. Liga. 13 July 2019. 29 May 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190529202941/https://file.liga.net/parties/blok-petra-poroshenko. live.
  12. Web site: Nordsieck. Wolfram. 2019. Ukraine. 22 July 2019. Parties and Elections in Europe. 10 March 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140310224946/http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/ukraine.html. live.
  13. Book: Denysova, A. . The Idea Of The Social State in The Ukrainian Party Discourse . Danish Scientific Journal . 2019 . Odesa . 48 . 3375-2389.
  14. Web site: Kiew in der Hand der "Diener des Volkes" . . 23 July 2019 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20190724064554/https://www.schwaebische-post.de/politik/kiew-in-der-hand-der-diener-des-volkes/1804628/ . 24 July 2019.
  15. Web site: Ragozin. Leonid. 9 April 2019. Why ethnopolitics doesn't work in Ukraine. 13 August 2019. Al-Jazeera. 18 April 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200418161131/https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/ethnopolitics-doesn-work-ukraine-190409093526620.html. live.
  16. Web site: Korniienko. Artur. 9 June 2019. Poroshenko's European Solidarity party presents candidates for parliament. 13 August 2019. Kyiv Post. 9 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190609205728/https://www.kyivpost.com/ukraine-politics/poroshenkos-new-party-presents-parliamentary-election-candidates.html. live.
  17. http://www.taraskuzio.net/legal_files/Frishberg_Feb.08.pdf Ukrainian Political Update
  18. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/may/23/petro-poroshenko-heads-landslide-ukraine-election Chocolate tycoon heads for landslide victory in Ukraine presidential election
  19. Web site: New "region" formed in Ukrainian Parliament. Central European University. 26 March 2001. 5 November 2015. 4 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160304000636/http://pdc.ceu.hu/archive/00001265/01/1.pdf. live.
  20. http://www.osw.waw.pl/en/publikacje/analyses/2012-11-07/after-parliamentary-elections-ukraine-a-tough-victory-party-regions After the parliamentary elections in Ukraine: a tough victory for the Party of Regions
  21. https://books.google.com/books?id=H23Pv4Ik3vMC&dq=Solidarity+Our+Ukraine+Bloc&pg=PA391 Communist and Post-Communist Parties in Europe
  22. Web site: Партія "Солідарність". https://web.archive.org/web/20160818172525/http://sd.net.ua/2009/09/04/partja_soldarnst.html. dead. August 18, 2016. ASD-inform Украина.
  23. Results of voting in single constituencies in 2012 & Nationwide list, Central Election Commission of Ukraine
  24. https://web.archive.org/web/20041201074312/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/ukraine/parties.htm Ukraine Political Parties
  25. http://ukrainianweek.com/Politics/83457 United Twice
  26. Web site: Петро Порошенко виходить на роботу . Poroshenko goes to work . 2023-05-22 . Ukrainska Pravda.
  27. Poroshenko and void, Ukrainska Pravda (16 May 2014)
  28. Всеукраїнська партія Миру і Єдності, DATA
  29. BASIC INFORMATION ABOUT POLITICAL PARTIES IN UKRAINE, Central Election Commission of Ukraine
  30. Results of voting in single constituencies in 2012 & Nationwide list, Central Election Commission of Ukraine
  31. News: Ukraine talks set to open without pro-Russian separatists. The Washington Post. 14 May 2014. 29 May 2014. 16 January 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210116163442/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/ukraine-talks-set-to-open-without-pro-russian-separatists/2014/05/14/621dbc6a-c7d9-40bc-b2e5-814a4108bbef_story.html. live.
  32. News: 22 May 2014. Ukraine elections: Runners and risks. BBC News Online. 29 May 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140527092109/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-27518989. 27 May 2014. dead.
  33. News: Q&A: Ukraine presidential election. BBC News. 7 February 2010. 29 May 2014. 29 April 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140429045939/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/8460978.stm. dead.
  34. Web site: 29 May 2014. Poroshenko wins presidential election with 54.7% of vote — CEC. Radio Ukraine International. 29 May 2014. 29 May 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140529212731/http://www.nrcu.gov.ua/en/148/566632/. dead.
    News: telegraf.com.ua. http://telegraf.com.ua/ukraina/politika/1300294-rezultatyi-vyiborov-prezidenta-ukrainyi-2014-tsik-obrabotala-51-99.html. ru:Внеочередные выборы Президента Украины. Results election of Ukrainian president. 29 May 2014. 29 May 2014. ru. 29 May 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140529233925/http://telegraf.com.ua/ukraina/politika/1300294-rezultatyi-vyiborov-prezidenta-ukrainyi-2014-tsik-obrabotala-51-99.html. live.
  35. News: New Ukrainian president will be elected for 5-year term – Constitutional Court. 16 May 2014. 29 May 2014. Interfax-Ukraine. https://web.archive.org/web/20140517121006/http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/205114.html. 17 May 2014. dead.
  36. http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/220240.html Poroshenko wants coalition to be formed before parliamentary elections
  37. Block Poroshenko and kick off to the polls together, TVi (2 September 2014)
  38. Pilots, combat, and journalists. Who goes to the new Verkhovna Rada, Korrespondent.net (September 15, 2014)
    Klitschko: I lead my team to Parliament, UDAR official website (14.09.2014)
    Deadline for nomination of candidates running in early election to Rada expires, ITAR-TASS (September 15, 2014)
  39. http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/235662.html Klitschko gives up seat in parliament
  40. Web site: Tadeusz A. Olszański. Ukraine's political parties at the start of the election campaign. Centre for Eastern Studies (OSW). 17 September 2014. 5 November 2015. 30 December 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20141230181458/http://www.osw.waw.pl/en/publikacje/analyses/2014-09-17/ukraines-political-parties-start-election-campaign. live.
  41. In Parliament created a faction, Ukrainska Pravda (27 November 2014)
  42. News: Rada supports coalition-proposed government lineup. Interfax-Ukraine. 2 December 2014. 5 November 2015. 12 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160312042607/http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/237576.html. live.
    News: Kyiv Post staff writers. Oksana Grytsenko. Rada approves new Cabinet with three foreigners. Kyiv Post. 2 December 2014. 5 November 2015. 21 November 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20151121045056/http://www.kyivpost.com/content/ukraine/rada-approves-new-cabinet-with-three-former-foreigners-in-it-373861.html. live.
    News: http://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2014/12/2/7046214/. uk:Рада проголосувала новий кабмін. Rada voted in a new cabinet. uk. Ukrainska Pravda. 2 December 2014. 5 November 2015. 10 December 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20141210114547/http://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2014/12/2/7046214/. live.
  43. News: Five political forces sign coalition agreement. Interfax-Ukraine. 21 November 2014. 5 November 2015. 2 April 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160402112308/http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/235649.html. live.
    News: Ukraine's parliamentary parties initial coalition agreement. Interfax-Ukraine. 21 November 2014. 5 November 2015. 3 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160303224442/http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/235527.html. live.
  44. http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/303411.html Poroshenko Bloc, Batkivschyna, Nash Kray get largest number of seats in local councils – Ukrainian Voters Committee
  45. http://www.bloombergview.com/articles/2015-10-26/why-a-star-wars-emperor-won-office-in-ukraine Why a 'Star Wars' Emperor Won Office in Ukraine
  46. Web site: www.cvk.gov.ua. https://web.archive.org/web/20151121154502/http://www.cvk.gov.ua/wvm2015/pvm002pt001f01=100pt00_t001f01=100.html. dead. November 21, 2015.
  47. Media: the BPP 22% of the members of regional councils and 12% of MPs - ex- "Regions", Ukrainska Pravda (February 7, 2016)
  48. News: Ukraine MPs approve Volodymyr Groysman as new PM. BBC News. 14 April 2016. 14 April 2016. 15 March 2022. https://archive.today/20220315201548/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-36043967. live.
    New Cabinet formed in Ukraine, UNIAN (14 April 2016)
    Week’s balance: PM Groysman, Rada’s sabotage, and disappointing IMF forecast, UNIAN (18 April 2016)
    Spring transplantation: Prime Groisman and without a coalition Cabinet, Ukrainska Pravda (14 April 2016)
  49. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-36020548 Ukraine: Lawmakers end session without new PM vote
  50. https://www.kyivpost.com/ukraine-politics/540626.html All In The Family: The Sequel
  51. Web site: Klitschko resigns as BPP Solidarnist chairman . 2023-05-22 . www.unian.info . en.
  52. Web site: Petro Poroshenko Bloc Renames As European Solidarity | Ukrainian news. 24 May 2019. 24 May 2019. 24 May 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190524192005/https://ukranews.com/en/news/633620-petro-poroshenko-bloc-renames-as-european-solidarity. live.
  53. Web site: Партія Порошенка змінила назву. Українська правда. 2019-09-19. 2019-07-30. https://web.archive.org/web/20190730053701/https://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2019/05/24/7216047/. live.
  54. Web site: Десятка партії Порошенка: Парубій, Геращенко, Джемілєв. Українська правда. 2019-09-19. 2019-08-20. https://web.archive.org/web/20190820201649/https://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2019/06/9/7217580/. live.
  55. The new Council has increased the number of women deputies, Ukrainska Pravda (23 July 2019)
  56. Turchynov will head the Eurosolidarity headquarters and will look for effective managers, Ukrainska Pravda (30 June 2020)
  57. Party measurement of the results of local elections in 2020, Ukrainska Pravda (23 November 2020)
  58. https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/ukrainealert/winners-and-losers-of-ukraines-local-elections/ Winners and losers of Ukraine’s local elections
  59. The CEC showed the top 10 parties that won the most seats in the election, Ukrainska Pravda (18 November 2020)
  60. News: Oleg Varfolomeyev. Ukraine's pro-government parties join forces ahead of local elections. Ukrainian Weekly. Eurasia Daily Monitor. 18 September 2015. 5 November 2015. 20 September 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150920075720/http://www.ukrweekly.com/uwwp/ukraines-pro-government-parties-join-forces-ahead-of-local-elections/. live.
  61. http://ukrainianweek.com/Politics/160227 Petro Poroshenko Bloc: fragmentation
  62. Poroshenko will be honorary leader of "Solidarity" party can head Lutsenko, Ukrainska Pravda (27 August 2014)
  63. Web site: ПРОГРАМА ПАРТІЇ. 2014-10-01. 2014-10-13. https://web.archive.org/web/20141013050148/http://solydarnist.org/?page_id=874. live.
  64. Web site: Poroshenko Block ready to vote for scrapping presidential immunity - Lutsenko . 2023-05-22 . . en.
  65. http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/231805.html Bloc of Petro Poroshenko proposes privatization of mines, exchange trading in coal be fixed in coalition agreement
  66. Web site: Ukrainian legislation about religion will finalize divorce between Kyiv and Moscow. 19 May 2017. 25 September 2017. 25 August 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170825061543/http://euromaidanpress.com/2017/05/19/ukrainian-legislation-about-religion-will-finalize-divorce-between-kyiv-and-moscow-euromaidan-press/#arvlbdata. live.
  67. https://web.archive.org/web/20150214135153/http://party.civicua.org/d0239000.htm Party Solidarnist

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "European Solidarity".

Except where otherwise indicated, Everything.Explained.Today is © Copyright 2009-2024, A B Cryer, All Rights Reserved. Cookie policy.