Pomphorhynchidae Explained

Pomphorhynchidae is a family of parasitic worms from the order Echinorhynchida.

Species

Pomphorhynchidae has five genera which contain the following species:[1]

Longicollum

See main article: Longicollum. Longicollum Yamaguti, 1935 contains many species:

L. pagrosomi was found parasitizing the Atlantic horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus) in the bay of Gemlik, Turkey. The body was between 5036 and 10164 μm long and 478 and 878) μm wide. The proboscis was cylindrical, wider anteriorly, between 2310 and 5313 μm long, and armed with 11 or 12 rows of hooks comprising 11 to 13 hooks in each. The anterior hooks were smaller than the posterior, measuring 34 (24 – 42) μm, 42 (40 – 44) μm, to 61 (54 – 70) μm long. The short proboscis sac consisted of two membranes. The lemnisci were level with the proboscis. One immature male sample had two spherical testes, 216 × 272 μm in diameter. The copulatory bursa was 80 by 140 μm. The cement glands were indistinct. The eggs measured between 70 and 210 μm long and 17 and 52 μm wide.[2]

Paralongicollum

Paralongicollum Amin, Bauer & Sidorov, 1991 contains two species:

Pomphorhynchus

See main article: Pomphorhynchus. Pomphorhynchus' Monticelli, 1905 contains many species:

P. laevis is a parasitic acanthocephalan worm that can influence the reaction of its intermediate host, the freshwater amphipod Gammarus pulex, to the smell of potential predators like perch, Perca fluviatilis.[3] [4]

P. laevis facilitates its movement from its initial host. Research has demonstrated that organisms affected by the parasite exhibit a diminished or inverted avoidance response to the scent of predators when compared to uninfested specimens, supporting the notion that the parasite manipulates its host, with the goal of passing itself on to its definitive host, a freshwater fish. Affected specimens also demonstrate vibrant changes in color, making them more visible to predators.[5] [6]

This worm swells its proboscis to press microneedles into the intestinal wall, with a very strong adhesive force. This has inspired a structural skin graft adhesive that sticks strongly but has minimal tissue damage while in place and upon removal.[7]

Tenuiproboscis

See main article: Tenuiproboscis. Tenuiproboscis Yamaguti, 1935 contains many species:

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: ITIS - Report: Pomphorhynchidae. Itis.gov. 11 April 2022.
  2. Oğuz, M. C.. Kvach, Y.. 2006. Occurrence of acanthocephalans in teleost fishes of Gemlik Bay, Sea of Marmara, Turkey. Helminthologia. 43. 2. 103–108. 11 April 2022.
  3. Kullmann. Harald. Timo Thünken . Sebastian A Baldauf . Theo C M Bakker . Joachim G Frommen . Fish odour triggers conspecific attraction behaviour in an aquatic invertebrate. Biol. Lett.. University of Bonn, Institute for Evolutionary Biology and Ecology. An der Immenburg 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany. 18593668. 2008. 4. 5. 458–60. 10.1098/rsbl.2008.0246. 2610077.
  4. News: Parasitic Worms Alter Hosts' Sense of Smell to Better Its Lot in Life. Choi. Charles Q.. February 8, 2007. Fox News. 2008-07-03.
  5. Baldauf. Sebastian A.. Timo Thünken . Joachim G Frommen . Theo C M Bakker . Oliver Heupel . Harald Kullmann . Infection with an acanthocephalan manipulates an amphipod's reaction to a fish predator's odours. International Journal for Parasitology. University of Bonn, Institute for Evolutionary Biology and Ecology. An der Immenburg 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. 17049528. 2007. 37. 1. 61–5. 10.1016/j.ijpara.2006.09.003.
  6. June 1997 . Bakker. Theo C.M.. Dominique Mazzi . Sarah Zala . Parasite Induced Changes in Behavior and Color Make Gammarus pulex More Prone to Fish Predation. Ecology. Ecological Society of America. University of Bern, CH-3032 Hinterkappelen, Switzerland. 78. 5. 1098–1104. 10.1890/0012-9658(1997)078[1098:PICIBA]2.0.CO;2. 85643670.
  7. April 2013 . Seung Yun Yang. A bio-inspired swellable microneedle adhesive for mechanical interlocking with tissue. Nature Communications. Macmillan. Massachusetts (mixed). 4. 1702. 1702. 10.1038/ncomms2715. etal. 23591869. 3660066. 2013NatCo...4.1702Y.
  8. Ortubáy S, Ubeda C, Semenas L, Kennedy C. Pomphorhynchus patagonicus n. sp. (Acanthocephala: Pomphorhynchidae) from freshwater fishes of Patagonia, Argentina. J Parasitol. 1991 Jun;77(3):353-6. PMID: 2040947.

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