Publishing houses in the Soviet Union explained

Publishing houses in the Soviet Union were a series of publishing enterprises which existed in the Soviet Union.

Centralization

On 8 August 1930, the Sovnarkom of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) established the state publishing monopoly, OGIZ (Russian: ОГИЗ, Russian: Объединение государственных книжно-журнальных издательств, Union of the State Book and Magazine Publishers), subordinated to Russian: Sovnarkom. At its core was the former Russian: [[Gosizdat]]. Other union republics followed the same pattern.

During the era of centralization the names of the most publishers contained the acronym "Russian: гиз" ("giz") standing for "Russian: государственное издательство" (Russian: gosudarstvennoye izdatelstvo, i.e., "State Publisher", S.P.).

List

Early publishers

As of 1 January 1930, there were 995 publishers in the RSFSR alone.

«Russian: Новая Москва» (New Moscow)
«Russian: Долой неграмотность» (Down with Illiteracy)
«Russian: Прибой»
«Russian: Всемирная литература (издательство)» (Russian: Vsemirnaya literatura (izdatel'stvo)) (World Literature (Publishing House)) (1919–1924)

Period of centralization

Russian: [[Gosizdat]] (Russian: Госиздат) (State Publishing House)
«Russian: Земля и фабрика» (Land and Factory)
«Russian: Московский рабочий» (The Moscow Worker)
«Russian: Молодая гвардия» (The Young Guard)
Russian: [[Great Soviet Encyclopedia (publishing house)|«Советская энциклопедия»]] (Great Soviet Encyclopedia)
«Russian: Работник просвещения» (The Worker for Enlightenment)
Russian: Госмедиздат
Russian: Госюриздат
Russian: Госсельхозиздат (State Agriculture Publishing House)
Russian: Госхимиздат
«Russian: Безбожник» (The Atheist)
«Academia»
«Russian: Федерация» (Federation)
«Russian: [[Nedra Publishers|Недра]]» (Nedra)
Russian: Центроиздат
Russian: Издательство АН СССР (Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR)
Russian: Издательство Коммунистической академии (Publishing House of the Communist Academy)
Russian: Издательство НКВД (Publishing House of the NKVD)
Russian: Издательство Осоавиахима
OGIZ
- Russian: [[Detgiz]] (Russian: Детгиз) - stands for "State Publishing House for Children's Literature"
- Russian: Sotsekgiz (Russian: Соцэкгиз, Изд-во социально-экономической литературы, Publisher for Social-Economic Literature) -
  - Renamed as Russian: Государственное издательство экономической литературы, State Publishing House of Economic Literature
- Russian: Uchpedgiz (Russian: Учпедгиз) - stands for "State Publishing House of Student and Pedagogical Literature", turned into the
- Russian: Масспартгиз
- Russian: Гостехиздат (Russian: Gostekhizdat)
- Russian: Сельколхозгиз
- Russian: Медиздат
- Russian: Государственное издательство художественной литературы - Russian: ГИХЛ (State Publishing House for Literary Works)
- Russian: Юндетиздат
- Russian: Военгиз
- Russian: Музгиз
- Russian: Юриздат
- Russian: Изогиз
- Russian: Словарно-энциклопедическое издательство (Lexicographic-Encyclopedic Publishing House)
- Russian: Гострансиздат
- Russian: Снабкоопгиз
- Russian: Физкультура и туризм (Physical Culture and Tourism)
Russian: Издательство партийной литературы (Russian: Партиздат) (Publishing House for Party Literature)
- Renamed into Russian: Госполитиздат
Russian: [[:ru:Государственное издательство физико-математической литературы|Государственное издательство физико-математической литературы]] (Fizmatgiz/Физматгиз)
Russian: Наука (Nauka) (= Science)
Russian: РИА Новости (RIA Novosti) - for news
Russian: Издательство "Мир" (Mir (= world) Publishers)
Russian: Издательство "Прогресс" (Progress Publishers)
Russian: Государственное технико-теоретическое издательство GTTI/ГТТИ
Spin-offs of Russian: Gostekhizdat
- Russian: Государственное научно-техническое издательство Наркомтяжпрома (Russian: ГНТИ НКТП), later decentralized into the Russian: Объединение научно-технических издательств ONTI (Russian: ОНТИ) that included Russian: Государственное объединённое научно-техническое издательство GONTI (Russian: {{ill|ГОНТИ|ru):
  - Russian: Техтеоретиздат (Russian: Tehteoretizdat) aka Государственное издательство технико-теоретической литературы (Russian: [[Gosudarstvennoe Izdatel'stvo Tehniko-Teoretičeskoj Literatury]] (ГИТТЛ / GITTL)
  - Russian: Машметиздат
  - Russian: Химтехиздат
  - Russian: Энергоиздат
  - Russian: Стройиздат
  - etc.
- Russian: Гизлегпром
- Russian: Гослестехиздат

Perestroika publishers

Russian: Книжная возврата (RKP)
(Izdatelstvo fiziko-matematicheskói i tejnicheskói literatury Russian: Физматли́т) (Russian: Изда́тельство фи́зико-математи́ческой и техни́ческой литерату́ры) (1990–1998)

List of printing houses

«Russian: Полиграфкнига» (Polygraph Book)
«Russian: Полиграф» (Polygraph)