| Government Name: | Politics of Shanghai |
| Legislature: | Shanghai Municipal People's Congress |
| Party: | Shanghai Municipal Committee of the Chinese Communist Party |
| Leader Title: | Secretary |
| Leader Name: | Chen Jining |
| Executive: | Municipal People's Government |
| Ruler Title: | Mayor |
| Ruler Name: | Gong Zheng |
| President Title: | Executive Deputy Mayor |
| President Name: | Wu Qing |
| Speaker Title: | Congress Chairperson |
| Speaker Name: | Huang Lixin |
| Leader Title1: | Local CPPCC Chairman |
| Leader Name1: | Hu Wenrong |
| Leader Title2: | Commission for Discipline Inspection Secretary |
| Leader Name2: | Liu Xuexin |
| Leader Title3: | Supervisory Director |
| Leader Name3: | Liu Xuexin |
| Leader Title4: | Court President |
| Leader Name4: | Liu Xiaoyun |
| Leader Title5: | Procurator General |
| Leader Name5: | Chen Yong |
| Military: | People's Liberation Army Shanghai Garrison |
| Commander Title: | Commander |
| Commander Name: | Liu Jie |
The politics of Shanghai[1] is structured in a dual party-government system like all other governing institutions in the mainland of the People's Republic of China (PRC). In the last few decades the city has produced many of the country's eventual senior leaders, including Jiang Zemin, Zhu Rongji, Wu Bangguo, Huang Ju, Xi Jinping, Yu Zhengsheng, Han Zheng, and Li Qiang.
The Mayor of the Shanghai Municipal People's Government (上海市人民政府市长, shorten as 上海市市长 ie Mayor of Shanghai Municipality) is the highest ranking executive official in Shanghai. Since Shanghai is a direct-controlled municipality of China, the Mayor occupies the same level in the order of precedence as provincial governors. However, in the city's dual party-government governing system, the mayor has less power than the Shanghai Municipal Chinese Communist Party Committee Secretary (中国共产党上海市委员会书记, shorten as 中共上海市委书记), colloquially termed the "Shanghai CCP Party Chief" in English.
Before 1941, Shanghai had a split administration: the International Settlement (governed under the Shanghai Municipal Council), the French Concession, and the Chinese City. The Chinese city was invaded by the Japanese in 1937 and the foreign concessions were occupied by the Japanese in 1941. After the occupation, the foreign powers formally ceded the territory to the Nationalist Government in Chongqing (a move largely symbolic until the Japanese surrender since the Nationalists no longer controlled Shanghai).
See main article: Shanghai Municipal Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.
| Order | Party Committee Secretary | Term | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1949—1950 | later purged in 1954 | |
| 2 | 1950—1954 | Communist revolutionary, Marshal of the People's Liberation Army Foreign Minister (1958-1972) | |
| 3 | 1954—1965 | ||
| 4 | 1965—1967 | Removed from office during January Storm | |
| 5 | 1971—1976 | Politburo Standing Committee (1973-1976) Member of the Gang of Four Titled "Secretary of the Revolutionary Committee of Shanghai" | |
| 6 | 1976—1979 | De facto Peng Chong; General, Admiral | |
| 7 | 1979—1980 | ||
| 8 | 1980—1985 | ||
| 9 | 1985—1987 | ||
| 10 | 1987—1989 | Politburo Standing Committee (1989-2002) General Secretary (1989-2002) and President (1993-2003) | |
| 11 | 1989—1991 | Politburo Standing Committee (1992-2002) Premier (1998-2003) | |
| 12 | 1991—1994 | Politburo Standing Committee (2002-2012) Chairman of the National People's Congress (2002-2012) | |
| 13 | 1994— 15 November 2002 | Politburo Standing Committee (2002-2006) Vice-Premier (2002-2006) | |
| 14 | 15 November 2002 — 24 September 2006 | dismissed for corruption, convicted in 2008, jailed. | |
| — | 24 September 2006 — 24 March 2007 | Acting | |
| 15 | 24 March 2007 — 27 October 2007 | Politburo Standing Committee (2007-) General Secretary (2012-), President (2013-) | |
| 16 | 27 October 2007 — 20 November 2012 | Politburo Standing Committee (2012-2017) National Committee Chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference | |
| 17 | 20 November 2012 — 29 October 2017 | Politburo Standing Committee (2017-2022) Vice-Premier(2018-) | |
| 18 | Li Qiang | 29 October 2017 — 28 October 2022 | Politburo Standing Committee (2022-) |
| 19 | Chen Jining | 28 October 2022 — | |
See main article: Shanghai Municipal People's Congress.
| Post: | Chairman |
| Body: | the Standing Committee of the Shanghai Municipal People's Congress |
| Insigniasize: | 100px |
| Flag Size: | 100px |
| Incumbent: | Dong Yunhu |
| Incumbentsince: | January 15, 2023 |
| Status: | Legislature leader |
| Preceded By: | Yin Yicui |
| Termlength: | Five years, renewable |
See also: List of mayors of Shanghai. Prior to the establishment of the office of Mayor of Shanghai, the city's administration was overseen by the circuit intendant ("taotai" / "daotai", 道臺). The office was abolished at the fall of the Qing.
| Mayor | Term | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 7 July 1927 - April 1929 | First mayor of Shanghai. | ||
| 1 April 1929 - 6 January 1932 | |||
| January 1932 - April 1937 | |||
| April 1937 - November 1937 | Fled city following fall of Shanghai to the Empire of Japan in the Battle of Shanghai. | ||
| November 1940 - December 1944 | Japanese collaborationist | ||
| December 1944 - August 1945 | last Japanese collaborationist mayor, arrested by Kuomintang forces | ||
| August 1945 - May 1949 | last Kuomintang mayor, fled after communist takeover | ||
| May 1949 — November 1958 | Military Commander, first Communist mayor | ||
| November 1958 — 9 April 1965 | |||
| December 1965 — 24 February 1967 | purged during the Cultural Revolution | ||
| 24 February 1967 — October 1976 | Chairman of Shanghai Revolutionary Committee Member of Gang of Four, sentenced for treason | ||
| November 1976 — 7 February 1979 | Chairman of Shanghai Revolutionary Committee | ||
| 7 February 1979 — April 1981 | De facto head from late 1976. | ||
| April 1981 — July 1985 | Jiang mentor | ||
| July 1985 — April 1988 | Promoted to party chief | ||
| April 1988 — April 1991 | Promoted to party chief | ||
| April 1991 — February 1995 | Promoted to party chief | ||
| February 1995 — 7 December 2001 | Demoted | ||
| 7 December 2001 — 21 February 2003 | Promoted to party chief | ||
| 21 February 2003 — 26 December 2012 | Concurrently acting party chief 2006-2007, promoted to party chief in 2012 | ||
| 26 December 2012 — 17 January 2017 | |||
| 20 January 2017 — 12 February 2020 | |||
| 23 March 2020 — |
| Post: | Chairman |
| Body: | Shanghai Municipal Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference |
| Insigniasize: | 100px |
| Flag Size: | 100px |
| Incumbent: | Hu Wenrong |
| Incumbentsince: | January 14, 2023 |
| Status: | Local CPPCC leader |
| Preceded By: | Wu Zhiming |
| Termlength: | Five years, renewable |