Politics of Punjab, India explained
Politics in reorganised present-day Punjab is dominated by mainly three parties – Indian National Congress, Aam Aadmi Party and Shiromani Akali Dal (Badal).[1] [2] Since 1967, Chief Minister of Punjab has been predominantly from Jat Sikh community despite its 21 percent state population.[3] [4] [5] Exceptions are Giani Zail Singh, the Chief Minister of Punjab from 17 March 1972 to 30 April 1977 belonging to Ramgarhia community[6] [7] that has population of 6 percent and is a part of significant OBC community having population of 31.3 percent in the state and Charanjit Singh Channi who held the position for 111 days from 20 September 2021 to 16 March 2022 and was from Scheduled Caste(Dalit) who have 32 percent population in the state.[8] [9] Other prominent party is Bahujan Samaj Party especially in Doaba region[10] [11] [12] [13] founded by Kanshi Ram of Rupnagar district.[14] In 1992 BSP won 9 seats Vidhan Sabha elections.[15] Also BSP won 3 lok sabha seats from Punjab in 1996 general elections[16] [17] and only Garhshanker seat in 1997 Vidhan Sabha elections.[18] Communist parties too have some influence in the Malwa area.[19] In the 2014 general elections, the first-time contesting Aam Aadmi Party got 4 out of 13 seats in Punjab by winning 34 of the total 117 assembly segments, coming second in 7, third in 73 and fourth in the rest 3 segments.[20] The support for the Aam Aadmi Party increased later in Punjab.[21] [22] The current Government was elected in the 2022 Punjab Assembly elections and the AAP won 92 out of 117 Assembly seats with Bhagwant Mann as the Chief Minister. The Congress flows down to get only 18 seats.
History
Pre-1947 period
See also: 1907 Punjab unrest. Before 1947 partition of Punjab, politics were dominated by Unionist Party as it was main party in united Punjab especially seen in 1937 elections.[23] [24]
1947–1966
See also: Punjabi Suba movement. During 1947-1966 Punjab was undivided and consisted of present-day Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh,and Chandigarh.[25] This meant that both population and religion factor of whole state was mixed and politics were dominated by Indian National Congress.[26] [27] [28] [29]
Political parties
Punjab has many political parties but only eight parties recognized by Election Commission of India and having presence in the state:
- National parties in Punjab
- Recognized state parties in Punjab
- Other Parties
- Alliances in Punjab
Maps
Punjab in Map of India
Punjab is situated in Northern India and shares its boundary with three states – Rajasthan, Haryana and Himachal Pradesh and with two Union territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Chandigarh. It also shares its border with Pakistan.
The election Schedule will declare by Election Commission of India on the reasonable time.[34]
Last year election dates were announced on 4 January and polling was completed on 4 February 2017. Results were declared on 11 March 2017.
Map of Punjab
Punjab has 23 districts (Malerkotla is the 23rd District, carved out from Sangrur District in May, 2021) and is divided into 4 regions, having 117 total constituencies.
- Majha region have 4 district and 25 Assembly constituencies
- Doaba is the smallest region with 23 assembly constituencies and 4 districts
- Malwa is the biggest region with 15 districts (including 3 districts in Puadh region) and 69 assembly constituencies
- 34 seats are reserved for Scheduled Castes and Punjab have no reservation for ST community.
Legislative Assembly Seats Map
This year Punjab will see Major Fight between Indian National Congress, Shiromani Akali Dal and Aam Aadmi Party and Punjab Democratic Alliance.
34 Seats are Reserved for SC's and 83 are unreserved out of 117 assembly Constituencies of Punjab
Region and District wise list of Assembly constituencies
Constituencies
Following is the list of parliamentary constituencies (PC) and assembly constituencies (AC) of Punjab:-
See also
Notes and References
- News: HT Explainer: Three years short of 100, SAD's struggle for a comeback. 2017-12-15. HindustanTimes. 2018-08-14. en.
- News: Punjab's tryst with destiny. 2016-10-24. The Indian Express. 2018-08-14. en-US.
- Web site: Dalit votes to decide ruling party of Punjab. India Today. en. 2018-08-23.
- News: Why only a Jat Sikh can become Punjab CM, questions ousted Cong leader - Times of India. The Times of India. 2018-08-23.
- Web site: Kumar . Pramod . The Punjab poll vault . The Tribune . 2017-01-11 . 2018-08-23.
- Web site: Ramgarhia Forum appeals CM Fadnavis for OBC status to Ramgarhia Sikhs in state. nagpurtoday.in. 28 April 2016 . en-US. 2018-08-23.
- News: Amarinder challenges CM Badal from Lambi - The Sunday Guardian Live. 2017-01-15. The Sunday Guardian Live. 2018-08-23. en-US.
- Web site: Amarinder Singh cabinet has 3 Dalits despite 32 per cent vote share, Jat Sikhs continue to rule Punjab. India Today. en. 2018-08-23.
- News: Punjab Congress faces rebellion over lack of representation for Dalits. CatchNews.com. 2018-08-23. en.
- Web site: Punjab: In Doaba, BSP promoting 'Ambedkarite culture' to 'politically awaken' Dalits. 2019-04-17. The Indian Express. en-IN. 2019-08-08.
- Web site: Elephant emerges the dark horse in Punjab. 2019-05-26. The Indian Express. en-IN. 2019-08-08.
- Web site: BSP's Punjab Surprise: Three Candidates Finish Third, Fares Better Than AAP. News18. 24 May 2019 . 2019-08-08.
- News: BSP gains in Punjab amid PDA thrashing . The Times of India. 24 May 2019 . en. 2019-08-08.
- Kanshi Ram and the Making of Dalit Political Agency . Economic and Political Weekly . 56 . 3 . 2021-01-16 . 7–8 . 2021-01-19.
- Web site: Punjab Assembly Election Results in 1992 . Elections.in . 11 April 2014 . 21 May 2016.
- Book: Roy. Meenu. India Votes, Elections 1996: A Critical Analysis. 1996. 198. Deep & Deep Publications . 9788171009008.
- Web site: Result Of Punjab In 1996. https://web.archive.org/web/20121123041819/http://ibnlive.in.com/politics/electionstats/stateresult/1996/s19.html. dead. 2012-11-23.
- Web site: In 1997, the BSP won Vidhan Sabha seat of Garhshankar . hindustantimes.com/ . 18 May 2013 . 21 May 2016.
- Web site: Kumar. P. Coalition Politics in Punjab in E. Sridharan. 21 May 2016. 5 July 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160705124337/http://www.idcindia.org/pdf/elections/Coalition%20politics%20in%20Punjab_Dr_Pramod.pdf. dead.
- Web site: Details of Assembly Segments of Parliamentary Constituencies - General Elections, 2014 - 16th Lok Sabha (page 946 of 1698). Election Commission of India.
- Web site: N . TN . Other party netas lining up for AAP . The Times of India . 20 May 2014 . 21 May 2016.
- Web site: Mohan . Vibhor . AAP may face problem of plenty in choosing candidates for bypolls . The Times of India . 21 May 2014 . 21 May 2016.
- Book: Talbot. Ian. Khizr Tiwana, the Punjab Unionist Party and the Partition of India. 16 December 2013. Routledge . 9781136790362.
- Book: Low. D. A.. Political Inheritance of Pakistan. 18 June 1991. 86. Springer . 9781349115563.
- Web site: Dhaliwal . Sarbjit . Punjabi Suba: What's there to celebrate? . Tribuneindia News Service . 2016-09-09 . 2018-08-14.
- Web site: Revisiting past elections... . Tribuneindia News Service . 2016-10-30 . 2018-08-14.
- Web site: When Punjab & PEPSU merged . Tribuneindia News Service . 2016-11-06 . 2018-08-14.
- Web site: Kairon retains his hold on Punjab . Tribuneindia News Service . 2016-11-13 . 2018-08-14.
- Web site: A United Front pushes Congress to the Opposition Benches . Tribuneindia News Service . 2016-11-20 . 2018-08-14.
- News: List of All the Political Parties in India. 2018-04-16. Jagranjosh.com. 2018-07-30.
- Web site: Recognition of 'All India Trinamool Congress, as a National party. ECI. 17 September 2016.
- News: Aam Aadmi Party recognised as state party in Punjab. 2014-06-03. Deccan Chronicle. 2018-07-30. en.
- Web site: State Parties. eci.nic.in. 2018-07-30.
- https://www.elections.in/upcoming-elections-in-india.html Upcoming elections in India
