Politics of Beijing explained

The politics of Beijing are structured as a dual party-government system like all other governing institutions in the mainland of the People's Republic of China.

The Mayor of Beijing is the highest-ranking official in the People's Government of Beijing. Since Beijing is a centrally administered municipality with the rank of a province, the mayor occupies the same level in the order of precedence as provincial governors. However, in the city's dual party-government governing system, the mayor is subordinate to the Beijing Municipal Committee Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP).

The office of Beijing Party Secretary has always historically been a high-profile post. Since the founding of the People's Republic, the Party Secretary of Beijing has almost always held a seat on the Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party, the country's top ruling organ. Because of Beijing's position as the national capital, the Secretary is also involved in major decision making of national events. Peng Zhen, the first Beijing party secretary, was an important political figure nationally, and was purged by Mao in the opening act of the Cultural Revolution. Xie Fuzhi, whose term lasted from 1967 to 1972, was concurrently China's top security official, and held significant influence nationally. Chen Xitong's (term 1992-95) political influence was considered a threat to the Shanghai clique that he was removed from the position and tried on corruption charges. When the People's Republic celebrated its 50th anniversary in 1999, it was Beijing Party Secretary Jia Qinglin (term 1997-2002) who presided over the festivities. Liu Qi (term 2002–2012) was the chair of the Beijing Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games, and spoke at both the opening and closing ceremonies of the games. Liu Qi also presided the celebration of 60th anniversary of the People's Republic of China in 2009.

List of CCP secretaries

See main article: Beijing Municipal Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.

ImageNameTerm startTerm endNotes
1Peng Zhen (彭真)
(1902–1997)
13 December 1948May 1966Purged during Cultural Revolution, later rehabilitated
2Li Xuefeng (李雪峰)
(1907–2003)
May 1966April 1967Purged during Cultural Revolution, later rehabilitated
3Xie Fuzhi (谢富治)
(1909–1972)
197126 March 1972Minister of Public Security during Cultural Revolution
4Wu De (吴德)
(1913–1995)
19721978
5Lin Hujia (林乎加)
(1916–2018)
19781981
6Duan Junyi (段君毅)
(1910–2004)
January 1981May 1984
7Li Ximing (李锡铭)
(1926–2008)
1984October 1992Party chief during 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre
8Chen Xitong (陈希同)
(1930–2013)
October 1992September 1995Sacked, found guilty of corruption, jailed
9Wei Jianxing (尉健行)
(1931–2015)
1995August 1997Politburo Standing Committee (1997–2002)
10Jia Qinglin (贾庆林)
(born 1940)
August 1997October 2002Politburo Standing Committee (2002–2012)
11Liu Qi (刘淇)
(born 1942)
October 2002July 2012Party chief during 2008 Beijing Olympics
12Guo Jinlong (郭金龙)
(born 1947)
July 2012May 2017
13Cai Qi (蔡奇)
(born 1955)
May 2017November 2022Politburo Standing Committee (2022–)
14Yin Li (尹力)
(born 1962)
November 2022Incumbent

List of chairmen of Beijing People's Congress

NameTerm startTerm end
1Jia Tingsan (贾庭三)(1912–1984)19791983
2Zhao Pengfei (赵鹏飞)(1920–2005)19831993
3Zhang Jianmin (张健民)(born 1931)19932001
4Yu Junbo (于均波)(born 1941)20012007
5Du Deyin (杜德印)(born 1951)20072017
6Li Wei (李伟)(born 1958)20172023
6Li Xiuling (李秀领)(born 1962)2023Incumbent

List of mayors

See main article: Mayor of Beijing.

Republic of China

ImageNameTerm startTerm end
1Ding Naiyang (丁乃揚)(1870–1944)1 January 191224 December 1912
2Zhang Guangjian (張廣建)(1864–1938)24 December 191219 September 1913
3Wang Zhixin (王治馨)(1868–1914)16 October 191323 March 1914
4Shen Jinjian (沉金鑑)(1875–1924)23 March 1914September 1915
5Wang Da (王達)(1881–1946)26 September 19153 August 1920
6Wang Hu (王瑚)(1865–1933)3 August 192018 September 1920
7Sun Zhenjia (孫振家)(1858–?)18 September 192019 May 1922
8Liu Menggeng (劉夢庚)(1881–?)19 May 19225 November 1924
9Wang Zhixiang (王芝祥)(1858–1930)5 November 192431 December 1924
10Xue Dubi (薛篤弼)(1892–1973)31 December 19249 October 1925
11Liu Ji (劉驥)(1887–1967)20 October 1925May 1926
12Li Yuan (李垣)(1879–?)4 September 192624 September 1927
13Zhang Jixin (張濟新)(1874–1952)24 September 19273 June 1928
14Li Shengpei (李升培)(?–?)

Acting Mayor

4 June 192825 June 1928
15He Chengjun (何成濬)(1882–1961)

Acting Mayor

25 June 192813 July 1928
16He Qigong (何其鞏)(1899–1955)13 July 192812 June 1929
17Chang Yin-wu (張蔭梧 Zhang Yinwu)(1891–1949)12 June 192927 February 1931
18Wang Tao (王濤)(1866–1937)

Acting Mayor

October 1930March 1931
19Zhou Dawen (周大文)(1895–1971)27 February 193116 June 1933
20Hu Ruoyu (胡若愚)(1895–1962)

Acting Mayor

April 1931June 1931
21Yuan Liang (袁良)(1883–1953)16 June 19331 November 1935
22Song Zheyuan (宋哲元)(1885–1940)1 November 19358 November 1935
23Qin Dechun (秦德純)(1893–1963)8 November 193528 July 1937
24Zhang Zizhong (張自忠)(1891–1940)28 July 19376 August 1937
25Jiang Chaozong (江朝宗)(1861–1943)

Appointed by the Japanese

6 August 19377 January 1938
26Yu Jinhe (餘晉龢)(1887–?)7 January 19389 February 1943
27Su Tiren (蘇體仁)(1888–1979)

Acting Mayor

19419 February 1943
28Liu Yushu (劉玉書)(1884–?)9 February 194320 February 1945
29Xu Xiuzhi (許修直)(1881–1954)20 February 194516 August 1945
30Xiong Bin (熊斌)(1894–1964)16 August 194515 July 1946
31He Siyuan (何思源)(1896–1982)15 July 1946July 1948
32Liu Yaozhang (劉瑤章)(1897–1993)July 19484 February 1949

People's Republic of China

ImageNameTerm startTerm endNotes
1Ye Jianying (叶剑英)(1897–1986)8 December 19488 September 1949One of the Ten Great Marshals of the People's Republic
2Nie Rongzhen (聂荣臻)(1899–1992)8 September 194926 February 1951One of the Ten Great Marshals of the People's Republic
3Peng Zhen (彭真)(1902–1997)26 February 1951May 1966
4Wu De (吴德)(1913–1995)May 196620 April 1967
5Xie Fuzhi (谢富治)(1909–1972)20 April 196726 March 1972
4Wu De (吴德)(1913–1995)May 19729 October 1978
6Lin Hujia (林乎加)(1916–2018)9 October 197825 January 1981Concurrently served as party chief
7Jiao Ruoyu (焦若愚)(1915–2020)25 January 198124 March 1983
8Chen Xitong (陈希同)(1930–2013)24 March 1983February 1993Promoted to party chief
9Li Qiyan (李其炎)(1938–2020)February 1993October 1996Demoted
10Jia Qinglin (贾庆林)(born 1940)October 1996 (acting)February 1997February 1999Promoted to party chief
11Liu Qi (刘淇)(born 1942)February 1999January 2003Promoted to party chief
12Meng Xuenong (孟学农)(born 1949)19 January 200320 April 2003Sacked for mishandling SARS outbreak
13Wang Qishan (王岐山)(born 1948)20 April 2003 (acting)February 200430 November 2007Politburo Standing Committee (2012 - 2017)
Secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (2012 - 2017)
Vice President of China (2018 -)
14Guo Jinlong (郭金龙)(born 1947)30 November 2007 (acting)January 200825 July 2012Promoted to party chief
15Wang Anshun (王安顺)(born 1957)25 July 2012 (acting)28 January 201331 October 2016Politically sidelined
16Cai Qi (蔡奇)(born 1955)31 October 2016 (acting)20 January 201727 May 2017Promoted to party chief
17Chen Jining (陈吉宁)(born 1964)27 May 2017 (acting)30 January 201828 October 2022
18Yin Yong (殷勇)(born 1969)28 October 2022 (acting)19 January 2023Incumbent

List of chairmen of CPPCC Beijing Committee

NameTerm startTerm end
1Liu Ren (刘仁)(1909–1973)19551967
2Ding Guoyu (丁国钰)(1916–2015)November 1977December 1979
3Zhao Pengfei (赵鹏飞)(1920–2005)December 1979March 1983
4Liu Daosheng (刘导生)(1913–2014)March 1983March 1985
5Fan Jin (范瑾)(1919–2009)March 1985May 1986
6Bai Jiefu (白介夫)(1921–2013)May 19861993
7Wang Daming (王大明)(born 1929)19931998
8Chen Guangwen (陈广文)(born 1936)1998January 2003
9Cheng Shi'e (程世峨)(born 1940)January 2003January 2006
10Yang Anjiang (阳安江)(born 1945)January 2006January 2011
11Wang Anshun (王安顺)(born 1957)January 2011January 2013
12Ji Lin (吉林)(born 1962)January 2013January 2022
13Wei Xiaodong (魏小东)(born 1961)January 2022Incumbent

List of the Chairmen of Beijing Supervisory Committee

NameTerm startTerm end
1Zhang Shuofu (张硕辅)(born 1965)January 2017July 2018
2Chen Yong (陈雍)(born 1966)January 2019July 2021
3Chen Jian (陈健)(born 1964)November 2021Incumbent

See also

References