Somaliland has a multi-party system, with a constitutional limit of three official parties at the national level (determined for a 10-year period at the beginning of each decade based on municipal election results, in which more parties are allowed) as an attempt to avoid political tribalism. A single party often does not have win power alone, so the parties must instead form coalition governments. However, despite some parties having affiliations with political internationals of a particular ideology, politics in Somaliland tend to be more clan-based rather than ideology-based. As such, the programs of parties can fluctuate depending on the issues surrounding the clan(s) that support them.
| Party | Abbr. | Est. | Leader | Political position | Ideology | Seats | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| bgcolor= | Somaliland National Party Somali: Xisbiga Waddani Arabic: {{script/Arabic|واداني | Waddani | 2012 | Nationalism Populism Islamic democracy | ||||||
| bgcolor= | Kulmiye Peace, Unity, and Development Party Somali: Xisbiga Kulmiye Nabad, Midnimo iyo Horumarka Arabic: {{script/Arabic|حزب التضامن | Kulmiye | 2002 | Social liberalism Islamic democracy | ||||||
| bgcolor= | Justice and Welfare Party Somali: Ururka Caddaalada iyo Daryeelka Arabic: {{script/Arabic|حزب العدالة والتنمية | UCID | 2001 | Democratic socialism Social democracy | ||||||