This article contains a list of political parties in France.
France has a multi-party political system: one in which the number of competing political parties is sufficiently large as to make it almost inevitable that, in order to participate in the exercise of power, any single party must be prepared to negotiate with one or more others with a view to forming electoral alliances and/or coalition agreements.
The dominant French political parties are also characterised by a noticeable degree of intra-party factionalism, making each of them effectively a coalition in itself.
Up until recently, the government of France had alternated between two rather stable coalitions:
This was the case until the 2017 presidential election, when Emmanuel Macron of the centrist La République En Marche! defeated Marine Le Pen of the far-right National Rally in the second round. This was the first time in which a third party had won the presidency, as well as the first time that neither of the major coalitions had appeared in the second round of a presidential election. This was followed shortly by a significant victory for LREM in the 2017 legislative election, winning a majority of 350 seats. Both the traditional coalitions suffered major defeats.
In the 2022 presidential election, the same scenario repeated, with Emmanuel Macron being again victorious. Both traditional parties (Socialist Party and The Republicans) scored less than 5% each, with Jean-Luc Mélenchon's La France Insoumise emerging as the dominant left-wing party, ranking third in the first round.
The National Rally (previously known as the National Front before a name change in 2018) has also experienced significant successes in other elections. Since 2014, the party has established itself as a major party in France, finishing in first place in the 2014 and 2019 European elections as well as in the 2015 local elections,[1] though the party failed to win government in any regions due to the last-ditch alliance between the centre-left and the centre-right coalitions in Hauts-de-France and Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur.[2]
| Name | Abbr. | Leader | Députés | Presidency of departmental councils | Position | Ideology | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| style=background: | Renaissance | RE | Stéphane Séjourné | Liberalism | ||||||||
| style=background: | The Republicans | LR | Eric Ciotti | |||||||||
| style=background: | National Rally | RN | Jordan Bardella | Right-wing to far-right | French nationalism Right-wing populism | |||||||
| Socialist Party | PS | Olivier Faure | Centre-left | Social democracy Pro-Europeanism | ||||||||
| style=background: | La France Insoumise | LFI | Manuel Bompard | |||||||||
| Acronym and Name | National coalition | Leader or Chairman | Territorial councillors | Ideology | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| style=background: | LMR: Rurality Movement | None | Eddie Puyjalon | Regional: | Traditional rural values; refusal of environmental legislation and regulations restricting the right to hunt and fish, conservative, Eurosceptic | |
| style=background:#6EBE42 | MEI: Independent Ecological Movement | None | Antoine Waechter | Regional: | Green politics, Centrism, anti-nuclear | |
| style=background: | CNIP: National Centre of Independents and Peasants | None | Bruno North | Regional: | French nationalism, Conservatism, Agrarianism, Euroscepticism | |
| style=background:#003b5c | VIA: VIA, the Way of the People | None | Jean-Frédéric Poisson | Regional: | Christian democracy,Social conservatism, Christian right, Soft Euroscepticism | |
| style=background: | PLB: Brittany Movement and Progress | None | André Lavanant | Regional: | Breton nationalism, Regionalism, Socialism, Ecology | |
| style=background: | PA: Animalist Party | None | Antoine Stathoulias, Douchka Markovic, Hélène Thouy, Pierre Mazaheri | Regional: | Animal welfare, Animal rights | |
| style=background:#74FC74 | BE: Brittany Ecology | None | None | Regional: | Progressivism, Green politics, European federalism, Alter-globalization, Regionalism | |
| DLF: Debout la France | None | Nicolas Dupont-Aignan | Regional: | French nationalism, National conservatism, Traditional Gaullism, Hard Euroscepticism, Souverainism, Right-wing populism | ||
| Cap Ecology | None | Corinne Lepage | Regional: | Environmentalism, Green liberalism, Green politics | ||
| style=background:#c0c | ND: New Deal | New Popular Front | Felix David-Riviere & Aline Mouquet | Regional: | Progressivism, Keynesianism, European federalism | |
| LS: League of the South | None | Jacques Bompard | Regional: | National conservatism, souverainism, identitarian, anti-globalization, regionalism, patriotism, localism, Poujadism, liberal conservatism | ||
| LL: | None | Hervé Juvin | Regional: | Identitarian | ||
| UBD: Breton Democratic Union | Régions et Peuples Solidaires, New Popular Front | Lydie Massard & Pierre-Emmanuel Marais | Regional: | Autonomism, Environmentalism, Pro-Europeanism | ||
| Acronym and Name | National coalition | Leader or Chairman | Political Position | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| UPR: Popular Republican Union | None | François Asselineau | French nationalism, Hard Euroscepticism | |
| CJ: Comités Jeanne | None | Jean-Marie Le Pen | Nationalism, Euroscepticism, souverainism | |
| AR: Royal Alliance | None | Pierre Bernard | Monarchism (Orléanism), conservatism, Euroscepticism | |
| NAR: New Royalist Action | None | Bertrand Renouvin | Monarchism, conservatism, Euroscepticism, Gaullism | |
| RD: Democratic Rally | None | Philippe Cartellier | Monarchism, conservatism, Gaullism, Capetism | |
| GE: Ecology Generation | None | Yves Piétrasanta | Green politics, green conservatism, centre-right | |
| GR: Revolutionary Left | None | Collective | Marxism, socialism, Trotskyism | |
| PCOF: Workers' Communist Party of France | None | Collective | Communism, Marxism–Leninism, Hoxhaism, Anti-revisionism | |
| PRCF: Pole of Communist Revival in France | None | Léon Landini | Communism, Marxism-Leninism, Left-wing nationalism | |
| OCML-VP: Marxist–Leninist Communist Organization – Proletarian Way | None | Collective | ||
| PP: Pirate Party | None | Maxime Rouquet, Guillaume Lecoquierre | Intellectual property reform, protection of privacy and individual liberty | |
| None | Nathalie Arthaud, spokeswoman | Trotskyism, internationalism, feminism | ||
| PL: Libertarian Party | None | Guilhem d'Urbal | Libertarianism | |
| PT: Workers' Party | None | Collective | Communism, Trotskyism, Lambertism, Internationalism, Euroscepticism | |
| UCL: Libertarian Communist Union | None | Collective | Anarchist Communism, Anarcha-feminism | |
| JC: New Jacobin Party | None | Gerald d'Ouvril, acting leaderMaximilien Robespierre, youth leader | Jacobinism, Republicanism | |
| Volt: Volt France | None | Cécile Richard, Adrien Copros | European federalism, Social liberalism, Progressivism, Pro-Europeanism | |
| SP: Solidarity and Progress | None | Jacques Cheminade | Euroscepticism, LaRouchism | |
| AP: Animalist Party | None | Hélène Thouy | Animal welfare, animal rights |
French Polynesia
Martinique
New Caledonia