| Unit Name: | 123rd Fighter Escadrille |
| Native Name: | 123 Eskadra Myśliwska |
| Dates: | October 1933 - September 1939 |
| Role: | Fighter Squadron |
| Size: | 11 Pilots |
| Command Structure: | 2nd Air Regiment |
| Battles: | World War II |
| Notable Commanders: | Kpt pil. Mieczysław Leonard Olszewski |
| Aircraft Fighter: | Avia BH-33 PZL P.11 |
The 123rd Fighter Escadrille of the Polish Air Force (Polish: 123. eskadra myśliwska) was one of the fighter units of the Polish Army in 1939.
In September 1939 the 123rd Fighter Escadrille was part of the Pursuit Brigade.Some reports say that the 123rd Escadrille was a Kraków Army "Eskadra" (Flight) attached to the Brygada Poscigowa for the defence of Warsaw in 1939. Its 120 series Flight number indicates that claim.Reference: "Ciel de Gloire" website.
On 1 September 1939 the escadrille had 10 PZL P.7a airplanes.
The air crew consisted of: commanding officer kpt. pil. Mieczysław Leonard Olszewskihis deputy ppor. pil. Erwin Kawnik and 11 other pilots: