Polanisia dodecandra explained

Polanisia dodecandra is a species of flowering plant in the Cleomaceae family,[1] known by the common name redwhisker clammyweed or clammyweed, and there are three subspecies of Polanisia. Usually annual, occasionally perennial, Polanisia is native to North America, and is found throughout much of Canada and the United States. It favors full sun, mesic to dry conditions, and barren, sandy or gravelly soils, even highly disturbed areas where there is little other ground vegetation.[2] It looks similar to a close relative, the spider flower (Cleome).

The scientific name of the genus derives from the fact that the plant has numerous, long stamens of unequal lengths[3] (from Greek polys, "many", and anisos, "unequal"). The name of the species, dodecandra means "having 12 stamens". The common name clammyweed refers to the sticky, or clammy, residue left on hands after handling the plant.

Polanisia grows from 1to tall and the vegetation and sap have a noticeable odor described as smelling unpleasant, sulphur-like, "strong and rank". The leaves, about 2disp=flipNaNdisp=flip long, are made up of three 1inches palmate leaflets. The stems are covered in glandular hairs, and numerous flowers are borne in terminal racemes (May–October). Each flower has four white or cream petals about 1disp=flipNaNdisp=flip long, and reddish purple stamens extend well beyond the petals (hence the "red whisker" clammyweed nomenclature). The seedpods are long, slender capsules 1– long.[4] They contain multiple small reddish brown seeds approx 2mm. Polanisia seedpods project upward (whereas Cleome pods project out or down).

There are several subspecies of 'Polanisia dodecandra, including:

Uses

The plant is related to the caper. There are culinary and ceremonial uses.[6]

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: ITIS Standard Report Page: Cleomaceae. www.itis.gov. 2019-07-26.
  2. Web site: Redwhisker clammyweed. www.fs.fed.us. 2019-07-26.
  3. Book: Lewis and Clark's green world: the expedition and its plants . A. Scott Earle, James L. Reveal . Farcountry Press . 2003. 9781560372509 .
  4. Web site: Clammy-weed (Polanisia dodecandra). Native Wildflowers of the North Dakota Grasslands . US Geological Survey: Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center . 2006-03-08 . 2012-06-08.
  5. Web site: PLANTS Profile: Polanisia dodecandra (L.) DC. redwhisker clammyweed . US Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service . 2012-06-08.
  6. Web site: McKnight . Justine Woodard . Possible significance of Capparadaceae Antiserum . Maryland.gov.