| Połaniec | |
| Settlement Type: | Town |
| Pushpin Map: | Poland |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Type1: | Voivodeship |
| Subdivision Name1: | Świętokrzyskie |
| Subdivision Type2: | County |
| Subdivision Name2: | Staszów |
| Subdivision Type3: | Gmina |
| Subdivision Name3: | Połaniec |
| Parts: | Townships' List |
| Parts Type: | Parts of town |
| P1: | Barszczówka |
| P2: | Daszyn |
| P3: | Kolonia Połaniec |
| P4: | Podskale |
| P5: | Rychterówka |
| P6: | Żapniów |
| Leader Title: | Mayor |
| Established Title: | Town rights |
| Established Date: | 1264 |
| Area Footnotes: | (through the years 2008-2010) |
| Area Total Km2: | 17.41 |
| Population As Of: | 31 December 2012 at Census |
| Population Total: | 8,406 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Coordinates: | 50.4331°N 21.2803°W |
| Elevation M: | 166.3 |
| Timezone: | CET |
| Utc Offset: | +1 |
| Timezone Dst: | CEST |
| Utc Offset Dst: | +2 |
| Postal Code Type: | Postal code |
| Postal Code: | 28-230 |
| Area Code: | +48 15 |
| Registration Plate: | TSZ |
| Website: | http://www.polaniec.pl |
Połaniec is a town in Staszów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, Poland, with 8,406 inhabitants (2012). The town is in Lesser Poland, and its history dates back to the early days of Polish statehood.[1] It lies in the western part of the Sandomierz Basin, a few kilometres north of the Vistula, along the National Road Nr. 79, from Bytom to Warsaw. The town has a railway station serving a secondary line, nr. 75 from Rytwiany to Połaniec.
The Połaniec Power Station, is one of the largest (1800 MW) coal-fired power plants in Poland and, since 2012, one of the largest biomass plants in the world. It is located outside the town, in the nearby village of Zawada.[2]
The history of Połaniec dates back to the 11th century, when a gord was built near the spot where the Czarna flows into the Vistula. A settlement emerged in the 11th–12th centuries, with St. Catherine church in the vicinity of the gord. In 1241 Połaniec was completely destroyed in the Mongol invasion of Poland, and near the local village of Tursko a battle took place with the invaders. Połaniec recovered, gaining town rights before 1264, and by 1340, it had some 400 residents. Ten years later, in 1350, King Casimir III the Great ordered the town to move from its location on the Winna Góra hill to its present location. In the late Middle Ages, Połaniec was an important trade centre, located along the merchant route from Kraków to Sandomierz, and near the very important waterway, the Vistula. It was a royal town of the Kingdom of Poland, administratively located in the Sandomierz County in the Sandomierz Voivodeship in the Lesser Poland Province.[3]
At the beginning of the 16th century, Połaniec was burned to the ground by the Crimean Tatars, so that King Zygmunt Stary lowered the residents' taxes. In 1526 the town was once again in a conflagration. In the mid-16th century, a town hall, funded by hetman Jan Tarnowski was erected in Połaniec. At the beginning of the 17th century, a hospital was built. Following the First Partition of Poland in 1772, Połaniec suddenly became a border town of Poland, when the Austrian province of Galicia was created. Establishing a border along the Vistula slowed economic development in Połaniec. In 1794 the town was one of centres of the Kościuszko Uprising: it was the scene of the Proclamation of Połaniec on 7 May 1794. During the Third Partition of Poland in 1795 the town was annexed by Austria. After the Polish victory in the Austro-Polish War of 1809, it was part of the Polish Duchy of Warsaw. After the duchy's dissolution in 1815, it became part of Russian-controlled Congress Poland. On 1 June 1869, as a punishment for the January Uprising, it lost its town privileges. At that time, its population was around 2,000. While in the Kielce Voivodeship during the Second Polish Republic Połaniec suffered badly in the 1934 floods. Połaniec had a large Jewish population, who were murdered in the Holocaust by the German occupiers during World War II. In 1939, the Polish resistance organized a collection and shipping point for aid packages for Poles who had lost their homes and possessions in other regions, i.e. those arrested or expelled by the Germans and those fleeing Soviet-occupied eastern Poland.[4] A smuggling point for Polish underground press was based in the town.[5]
In the 1970s, the Tadeusz Kościuszko Power Plant was built, and in 1980, Połaniec regained its town rights.
According to the 2011 Poland census, there were 8,227 people residing in Połaniec, of whom 49.6% were male and 50.4% were female. In the town, the population was distributed such that 18.6% under the age of 18, 40.9% from 18 to 44, 31.8% from 45 to 64, and 8.7% who were 65 or older.[6]
Table 1. Population level of town in 2010 – by age group! rowspan="2" colspan="5" SPECIFICATION Measure
unitPOPULATION
(by age group in 2010)TOTAL 0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85 + I. TOTAL person 8,227 434 355 442 537 820 842 574 465 425 695 964 735 419 141 120 124 73 62 — of which in % 100 5.3 4.3 5.4 6.5 10 10.2 7 5.7 5.2 8.4 11.7 8.9 5.1 1.7 1.5 1.5 0.9 0.8 1. BY SEX A. Males person 4,078 220 166 232 257 404 464 289 244 196 304 479 378 226 74 54 46 35 10 — of which in % 49.6 2.7 2 2.8 3.1 4.9 5.6 3.5 3 2.4 3.7 5.8 4.6 2.7 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.1 B. Females person 4,149 214 189 210 280 416 378 285 221 229 391 485 357 193 67 66 78 38 52 — of which in % 50.4 2.6 2.3 2.6 3.4 5.1 4.6 3.5 2.7 2.8 4.8 5.9 4.3 2.3 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.5 0.6 ImageSize = width:420 height:331PlotArea = left:70 right:15 top:30 bottom:50TimeAxis = orientation:horizontalAlignBars = justifyColors = id:gray1 value:gray(0.9) id:blue1 value:rgb(0.2,0.7,0.8) legend:Male id:red1 value:rgb(1,0.5,0.5) legend:Female id:green1 value:rgb(0,1,0)Legend = orientation:horizontal top:331 left:185TextData = pos:(201,20) textcolor:black fontsize:S text:Połaniec in 2010 DateFormat = yyyyPeriod = from:-490 till:490ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:490 start:-490 gridcolor:gray1PlotData = bar:85+ color:blue1 width:1 from:-10 till:0 width:12 text:10 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:85+ color:red1 width:1 from:0 till:52 width:12 text:52 textcolor:black fontsize:8px
bar:80-84 color:blue1 width:1 from:-35 till:0 width:12 text:35 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:80-84 color:red1 width:1 from:0 till:38 width:12 text:38 textcolor:black fontsize:8px
bar:75-79 color:blue1 width:1 from:-46 till:0 width:12 text:46 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:75-79 color:red1 width:1 from:0 till:78 width:12 text:78 textcolor:black fontsize:8px
bar:70-74 color:blue1 width:1 from:-54 till:0 width:12 text:54 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:70-74 color:red1 width:1 from:0 till:66 width:12 text:66 textcolor:black fontsize:8px
bar:65-69 color:blue1 width:1 from:-74 till:0 width:12 text:74 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:65-69 color:red1 width:1 from:0 till:67 width:12 text:67 textcolor:black fontsize:8px
bar:60-64 color:blue1 width:1 from:-226 till:0 width:12 text:226 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:60-64 color:red1 width:1 from:0 till:193 width:12 text:193 textcolor:black fontsize:8px
bar:55-59 color:blue1 width:1 from:-378 till:0 width:12 text:378 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:55-59 color:red1 width:1 from:0 till:357 width:12 text:357 textcolor:black fontsize:8px
bar:50-54 color:blue1 width:1 from:-479 till:0 width:12 text:479 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:50-54 color:red1 width:1 from:0 till:485 width:12 text:485 textcolor:black fontsize:8px
bar:45-49 color:blue1 width:1 from:-304 till:0 width:12 text:304 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:45-49 color:red1 width:1 from:0 till:391 width:12 text:391 textcolor:black fontsize:8px
bar:40-44 color:blue1 width:1 from:-196 till:0 width:12 text:196 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:40-44 color:red1 width:1 from:0 till:229 width:12 text:229 textcolor:black fontsize:8px
bar:35-39 color:blue1 width:1 from:-244 till:0 width:12 text:244 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:35-39 color:red1 width:1 from:0 till:221 width:12 text:221 textcolor:black fontsize:8px
bar:30-34 color:blue1 width:1 from:-289 till:0 width:12 text:289 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:30-34 color:red1 width:1 from:0 till:285 width:12 text:285 textcolor:black fontsize:8px
bar:25-29 color:blue1 width:1 from:-464 till:0 width:12 text:464 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:25-29 color:red1 width:1 from:0 till:378 width:12 text:378 textcolor:black fontsize:8px
bar:20-24 color:blue1 width:1 from:-404 till:0 width:12 text:404 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:20-24 color:red1 width:1 from:0 till:416 width:12 text:416 textcolor:black fontsize:8px
bar:15-19 color:blue1 width:1 from:-257 till:0 width:12 text:257 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:15-19 color:red1 width:1 from:0 till:280 width:12 text:280 textcolor:black fontsize:8px
bar:10-14 color:blue1 width:1 from:-232 till:0 width:12 text:232 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:10-14 color:red1 width:1 from:0 till:210 width:12 text:210 textcolor:black fontsize:8px
bar:5-9 color:blue1 width:1 from:-166 till:0 width:12 text:166 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:5-9 color:red1 width:1 from:0 till:189 width:12 text:189 textcolor:black fontsize:8px
bar:0-4 color:blue1 width:1 from:-220 till:0 width:12 text:220 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:0-4 color:red1 width:1 from:0 till:214 width:12 text:214 textcolor:black fontsize:8px
Figure 1. Population pyramid of town in 2010 – by age group and sex[6]
Table 2. Population level of town in 2010 – by sex! rowspan="2" colspan="6" SPECIFICATION Measure
unitPOPULATION
(by sex in 2010)TOTAL Males Females I. TOTAL person 8,227 4,078 4,149 — of which in % 100 49.6 50.4 1. BY AGE GROUP A. At pre-working age person 1,530 759 771 — of which in % 18.6 9.2 9.4 B. At working age. grand total person 5,984 3,100 2,884 — of which in % 72.7 37.7 35 a. at mobile working age person 3,364 1,713 1,651 — of which in % 40.9 20.8 20.1 b. at non-mobile working age person 2,620 1,387 1,233 — of which in % 31.8 16.8 15 C. At post-working age person 713 219 494 — of which in % 8.7 2.7 6
See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Poland.
Étoile-sur-Rhône, France (2004)
Stará Ľubovňa, Slovakia (1999)
Svaliava, Ukraine (2005)
Viggiano, Italy (2001)