Poecilocharax callipterus is a species of fish named after its elongated dorsal fins and anal fins.[1] P. callipterus is the first species of Crenuchinae discovered after a gap of 57 years.[2] Poecilocharax rhizophilus was also discovered moments later.
Poecilocharax callipterus lives in the Apuí region of Brazil. The species is around long and has a mixture of long red fins, and a black spot on its tail. P. callipterus is sexually dimorphic with males having a vibrant orange coloration.