| Native Name: | Eyalet-i Kamaniçe |
| Common Name: | Podolia Eyalet |
| Subdivision: | Eyalet |
| Nation: | the Ottoman Empire |
| Year Start: | 1672 |
| Year End: | 1699 |
| Event Start: | Siege of Kamenets |
| Event End: | Treaty of Karlowitz |
| P1: | Podolia Voivodeship |
| Flag P1: | POL Przemysł II 1295 COA.svg |
| Border P1: | no |
| S1: | Podolia Voivodeship |
| Flag S1: | POL Przemysł II 1295 COA.svg |
| Border S1: | no |
| Image Map Caption: | The Podolia Eyalet in 1683 |
| Capital: | Kamianets-Podilskyi |
| Today: | Ukraine |
Podolia Eyalet (Turkish, Ottoman (1500-1928);: ایالتِ كامانىچه|Eyalet-i Kamaniçe)[1] was an eyalet of the Ottoman Empire. Its capital was Kamianets-Podilskyi (Кам’янець-Подільський; Polish: Kamieniec Podolski; Turkish, Ottoman (1500-1928);: كامانىچه|Kamaniçe).
In 1672, the Ottoman army, led by Sultan Mehmed IV, captured Kamaniçe after a short siege.[2] The Treaty of Buchach confirmed Ottoman control of the city, which became the centre of a new eyalet.[2] The treaty was repudiated by the Polish Diet, and war broke out anew.[2]
The Polish campaign proved unsuccessful, and the truce of Żurawno (1676) left Podolia within Ottoman borders. Another Polish-Ottoman war broke out again in 1683.[2] For the next 16 years, Ottoman rule in Podolia generally was limited to the blockaded fortress of Kamianets, held by a garrison of 6,000 soldiers.[2] The other garrisons in Podolia, in Bar, Medzhybizh, Jazlivec, and Chortkiv, barely exceeded 100 soldiers each.[3]
According to the Ottoman provincial budget of 1681, 13 million akçe were spent yearly in the eyalet, primarily for soldiers' pay. Of this amount, less than 3% was collected from Podolia itself, the rest was sent from the central treasury.[3] In 1681, the patriarch of Constantinople appointed the Orthodox metropolitan of Kamianets, named Pankratij.[4]
The fortress was returned to Poland as a result of the Treaty of Karlowitz (1699).[2]
During the 27 years of Ottoman rule, Podolia was administered by nine Ottoman pashas:[2]
The eyalet was divided into four sanjaks:[2]