Plumas County, California Explained

Plumas County, California
Official Name:County of Plumas
Named For:Spanish words for the Feather River (Río de las Plumas)
Subdivision Type2:Region
Seat1 Type:Largest community
Seat1:East Quincy (population)
Warner Valley (area)
Portola (incorporated)
Unit Pref:US
Area Total Sq Mi:2613
Area Land Sq Mi:2553
Area Water Sq Mi:60
Elevation Max Ft:8372
Population Total:19790
Population Density Sq Mi:auto
Established Date:1854
Leader Title:Chair
Leader Name:Dwight Ceresola
Leader Title1:Vice Chair
Leader Name1:Greg Hagwood
Leader Title2:Board of Supervisors[1]
Leader Title4:County Administrator
Leader Name4:Vacant[2]
Utc Offset:-8
Utc Offset Dst:-7
Image Map1:Map of California highlighting Plumas County.svg
Mapsize1:200px
Blank Name Sec1:Congressional district
Website:www.countyofplumas.com

Plumas County is a county located in the Sierra Nevada of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 19,790.[3] The county seat is Quincy,[4] and the only incorporated city is Portola. The largest community in the county is East Quincy. The county was named for the Spanish Río de las Plumas (the Feather River), which flows through it. The county itself is also the namesake of a native moth species, Hadena plumasata.[5]

History

Prehistorically, the indigenous Mountain Maidu were the primary inhabitants of the area now known as Plumas County. The Maidu lived in small settlements along the edges of valleys, subsisting on roots, acorns, grasses, seeds, and occasionally fish and big game. They were decentralized and had no tribal leadership; most bands lived along waterways in and around their own valleys. Areas with high snowfall, including the Mohawk and Sierra valleys, were hunting grounds for game in the warmer months.[6] [7]

In 1848, European Americans discovered gold in the Sierra foothills. Miners were attracted to Plumas County in particular, largely due to the tales of Thomas Stoddard, who claimed to have discovered a lake lined with gold nuggets while lost in the wilderness. Gold-hungry prospectors flooded the area. Though hopeful miners scoured the glacial lakes for months, they did not find the purported lake of gold. But some had success panning for gold in the rivers and creeks in the area, and created squatters' villages, the first non-Native American settlements.[8]

Rough shanty towns quickly sprang up around successful mining areas, including Rich Bar, Indian Bar, and Rabbit Creek (now La Porte). Many were developed adjacent to the Feather River, named Río de las Plumas by Spanish explorer Captain Luis Arguello in 1820.

In 1850, African-American frontiersman James Beckwourth discovered the lowest pass through the Sierras, which became known as Beckwourth Pass. Using the pass, he blazed a trail from Western Nevada through much of Plumas County, eventually terminating in the Sacramento Valley.[9] Many erstwhile miners followed this trail into Plumas County. Beckwourth also set up a trading post in the western Sierra Valley that still stands today. Though the Beckwourth Trail was longer than the original emigrant trail that ran south of Plumas County, its lower elevations extended its seasonal use when the higher trail was snowbound and impassable. Between 1851 and 1854, the Beckwourth Trail was frequently traveled, but in 1854, use dropped sharply when it became a toll road. The toll to move a ton of freight from Bidwell Bar to Quincy was about $18. This made using the Beckwourth Road an expensive enterprise and use of the Beckwourth Trail declined.[10]

Plumas County was formed in 1854 during a meeting of three commissioners at the American Ranch in Quincy. It was carved from the eastern portion of Butte County. Quincy, originally a mining town, was chosen as the county seat after an early settler donated a plot of land there to establish the seat. Once it became the seat, nearby Elizabethtown faded and ultimately became defunct. In 1864, the state legislature took a large portion of Plumas County to organize Lassen County. Shortly afterward, Plumas County annexed part of Sierra County, including the prosperous mining town of La Porte.

Over the next decades, different industries drove the growth of the various settlements that sprang up around the county. Greenville began as a mining and farming community in Indian Valley in the late 1850s. Chester was formed near the area that is now Lake Almanor, as a result of cattle ranching and the timber industry.

When the Western Pacific Railroad was constructed in 1910, Portola developed as an important railroad stop. Thanks to the railroad, Plumas County could export its lumber beyond the local area, and the timber industry became dominant in the county's economy for decades. As the railroad route extended up the Feather River Canyon, it was also used by the area's first tourists and sightseers. When the Feather River Highway was completed in 1937 with federal investment in infrastructure by President Franklin D. Roosevelt during the Great Depression, Plumas County became linked to the Sacramento Valley year-round thanks to the route's low elevation.[9]

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of, of which is land and (2.3%) is water.[11]

Plumas County is in the far northern end of the Sierra Nevada range. The area's rugged terrain marks the transition point between the northern Sierra Nevada and the southern end of the Cascade Range.[12] Lassen Peak, the southernmost volcanic peak in the Cascade Range, is just north of Plumas County's border, and part of Lassen Volcanic National Park extends into the county's northwest corner.

Plumas National Forest's 1200000acres offer a wide variety of outdoor recreation opportunities, including hiking, camping, kayaking, swimming, mountain biking, hunting and fishing. The area has more than 100 natural and artificial lakes. Many of the natural lakes are glacial in origin and can be found in and around Lakes Basin Recreation Area.[13] The artificial lakes include Lake Almanor, Lake Davis, Frenchman Lake, Little Grass Valley Reservoir, Antelope Lake, and Bucks Lake. Plumas County also has more than 1000miles of rivers and streams.[14] All three forks of the Feather River run through the area.

Designated Natural Areas

Water areas

Adjacent counties

National protected areas

Demographics

2011

Places by population, race, and income

2010

The 2010 United States Census reported that Plumas County had a population of 20,007. The racial makeup of Plumas County was 17,797 (89.0%) White, 192 (1.0%) African American, 539 (2.7%) Native American, 134 (0.7%) Asian, 18 (0.1%) Pacific Islander, 603 (3.0%) from other races, and 724 (3.6%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1,605 persons (8.0%).

2000

As of the census[24] of 2000, there were 20,824 people, 9,000 households, and 6,047 families residing in the county. The population density was 8/mi2. There were 13,386 housing units at an average density of 5/mi2. The racial makeup of the county was 91.8% White, 0.6% Black or African American, 2.6% Native American, 0.5% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 1.8% from other races, and 2.6% from two or more races. 5.7% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 16.1% were of German, 15.0% English, 10.1% Irish and 8.0% American ancestry according to Census 2000. 95.4% spoke English and 3.6% Spanish as their first language.

There were 9,000 households, out of which 26.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.4% were married couples living together, 8.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.8% were non-families. 27.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 2.77.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 22.7% under the age of 18, 6.0% from 18 to 24, 22.6% from 25 to 44, 30.8% from 45 to 64, and 17.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females there were 99.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.9 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $36,351, and the median income for a family was $46,119. Males had a median income of $38,742 versus $25,734 for females. The per capita income for the county was $19,391. About 9.0% of families and 13.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.7% of those under age 18 and 6.4% of those age 65 or over.

Law and government

Plumas County has five elected Supervisors, each elected within their own district. The Board of Supervisors oversees the management of county government and members serve four-year terms. The Clerk of the Board of Supervisors provides support to the Board of Supervisors and information to the public.[25]

The County Administrative Office's purpose is to facilitate the delivery of cost-effective county services in accordance with the vision and policies outlined by the Board of Supervisors. Its responsibilities include monitoring legislative affairs, preparing the county's annual budget, and undertaking studies and investigations for the Board of Supervisors.[26]

The sheriff is the chief law enforcement officer of the county. The sheriff's jurisdiction extends throughout the county, including federal and state lands. The county sheriff is elected to the nonpartisan office for a four-year term and is charged with preserving the peace, enforcing criminal statutes, and investigating known or suspected criminal activity.[27]

More than three-quarters of Plumas County's 2618sqmi is National Forest Service land.[28] The management of Plumas National Forest is overseen by three districts: Beckwourth Ranger District,[29] Mt. Hough Ranger District,[30] and Feather River Ranger District.[31]

Politics

Voter registration

Cities by population and voter registration

Overview

In its early history, Plumas was a reliable Republican county, voting for that party in every election from 1864 to 1908.[35] It then became one of the most reliably Democratic counties in California, voting for the Democratic nominee for president in 13 straight elections from 1928 to 1976. The county has voted Republican in every presidential election since 1980, except for 1992, when Bill Clinton won a small plurality.

Plumas County is in .[36] At the state level, Plumas is in the 1st Senate District, represented by Republican Ted Gaines,[37] and .[38]

Crime

The following table includes the number of incidents reported and the rate per 1,000 persons for each type of offense.

Culture

Media

The primary local news source since 1866 is Feather Publishing Co., Inc. Until 2020, four Plumas County newspapers were published every Wednesday, except for certain holidays; all content was available online instead at plumasnews.com until June 29, 2023, when Plumas News announced it was shutting down.[41] Feather Publishing will continue to release High Country Life, The Dining Guide, The Visitor Guide, maps, and more while also providing commercial printing to the local community.

Plumas County is in the Sacramento television market, and thus receives Sacramento media. Sacramento stations KXTV and KCRA regularly cover major news events in Plumas County.

Education

Transportation

Major highways

Scenic byways

The Feather River National Scenic Byway follows the Middle and North Forks of the Feather River, traversing steep canyon walls and high mountain valleys. The route features grasslands, oak woodlands, mixed conifer, and high desert chaparral. It begins in the Sacramento Valley, following the Feather River Canyon and entering Plumas County just west of Storrie. As it gains elevation, it climbs over the crest of the Sierra and passes through Quincy and Portola, eventually reaching the Middle Fork of the Feather River and following it to its headwaters in Sierra Valley. After going through Beckwourth Pass, the route terminates at Hallelujah Junction on Highway 395.[42] [43]

The southernmost point of the Volcanic Legacy Scenic Byway, Lake Almanor, is in Plumas County. The route spans 500 miles between California and Oregon and has views of dramatic volcanic landscapes, including nearby Lassen Peak.[44]

The Scenic Byway Link is the section of Highway 89 that connects the Volcanic Legacy and Feather River Scenic Byways. Featuring the alpine meadows of Indian Valley, the rushing waters of Indian Creek, and views of Mt. Hough and the surrounding mountains, the route is about 18 miles long.[45]

Public transit

Plumas Transit Systems, operated by the county, provides local service in Quincy and routes to Chester and Portola.

Airports

Gansner Field is a general aviation airport near Quincy. Rogers Field is near Chester; in addition to its civil-aviation role it also serves as the Chester Air Attack Base, a logistical and coordination facility for the California Department of Forestry's aerial firefighting (both fixed-wing and helicopter). Resources include fueling, retardant loading, communications, and some quartering for aircrew and ground firefighting teams. Nervino Airport is in Beckwourth, east of Portola. The closest major airport is in Reno.

Communities

City

Census-designated places

Former census designated places

Unincorporated communities

Ghost towns

Population ranking

The population ranking of the following table is based on the 2010 census of Plumas County.[46]

county seat

RankCity/Town/etc.Municipal typePopulation (2019 estimate)
1East Quincy CDP2,210
2Chester CDP2,145
5Portola City1,913
4 Quincy CDP1,952
6Greenville CDP817
7Graeagle CDP538
10Delleker CDP477
8Hamilton Branch CDP495
12Meadow Valley CDP420
11Chilcoot-Vinton CDP422
13Beckwourth CDP414
14Lake Almanor Country Club CDP408
9Lake Almanor Peninsula CDP485
15Plumas Eureka CDP364
21Iron Horse CDP191
19Lake Almanor West CDP224
17Cromberg CDP316
18Greenhorn CDP255
24Crescent Mills CDP93
33Mabie CDP25
28Mohawk Vista CDP54
23East Shore CDP128
22C-Road CDP140
20Taylorsville CDP198
31Whitehawk CDP49
37Valley Ranch CDP0
16Twain CDP327
25Gold Mountain CDP80
t-27Clio CDP59
t-26Keddie CDP76
29Indian Falls CDP53
30Lake Davis CDP52
35Blairsden CDP18
t-3Greenville Rancheria (Maidu Indians)[47] AIAN2,000
t-32Prattville CDP28
37Canyondam CDP0
37La Porte CDP0
37Belden CDP0
37Johnsville CDP0
34Spring Garden CDP20
37Paxton CDP0
37Tobin CDP0
37Bucks Lake CDP0
37Storrie CDP0
t-37Little Grass Valley CDP0
t-36Warner Valley CDP2
t-37Almanor[48] former CDP0
t-37Caribou CDP0

See also

External links

40.01°N -120.83°W

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Board of Supervisors | Plumas County, CA - Official Website .
  2. Web site: February 4, 2022 . Tehama County hires new administrator out of Plumas County . June 29, 2022 . Red Bluff Daily News . en-US.
  3. Web site: State & County QuickFacts. United States Census Bureau.
  4. Web site: Find a County. June 7, 2011. National Association of Counties.
  5. Troubridge . J. T. . Crabo . L. G. . A review of the Nearctic species of Hadena (Schrank), 1802 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) with descriptions of six new species . Fabreries . 2002 . 27 . 2 . 109–154 . November 29, 2022.
  6. Web site: Official visitor information for Plumas County, Northern California. Plumascounty.org. November 7, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20131110020619/http://plumascounty.org/Misc_Pages/Useful_Info_and_Links/History.htm. November 10, 2013. dead.
  7. Web site: Plumas County, CA - Official Website - Northern Maidu. Countyofplumas.com. November 7, 2017. May 17, 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130517230620/http://www.countyofplumas.com/index.aspx?NID=254. dead.
  8. Book: Young, Jim. Plumas County: History of the Feather River Region. November 7, 2017. Arcadia. 9780738524092. November 7, 2017. Google Books.
  9. Web site: PCMA. Plumasmuseum.org. November 7, 2017.
  10. McIntosh . Clarence . June 1986 . Transportation in Plumas County Before the Railroad . Plumas Memories, Plumas Historical Society . Publication #51.
  11. Web site: 2010 Census Gazetteer Files. United States Census Bureau. October 3, 2015. August 22, 2012.
  12. Web site: Plumas National Forest - Recreation. Fs.usda.gov. November 7, 2017.
  13. Web site: Lakes Basin Recreation Area Community. Plumascounty.org. November 7, 2017.
  14. Web site: Plumas County, CA - Official Website - About Plumas County. Countyofplumas.com. November 7, 2017.
  15. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B03003. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 26, 2013.
  16. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B19301. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
  17. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B19013. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
  18. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B19113. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
  19. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
  20. Other = Some other race + Two or more races
  21. Native American = Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander + American Indian or Alaska Native
  22. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B01003. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
  23. Data unavailable
  24. Web site: U.S. Census website. United States Census Bureau. May 14, 2011.
  25. Web site: Plumas County, CA - Official Website - Board of Supervisors. Countyofplumas.com. November 7, 2017.
  26. Web site: County Administrative Office. Plumas County, California. https://archive.today/20130410174032/http://www.countyofplumas.com/index.aspx?NID=72. April 10, 2013. November 13, 2013.
  27. Web site: Plumas County, CA - Official Website - Sheriff / Coroner. Countyofplumas.com. November 7, 2017.
  28. Web site: Forests and Wilderness, Plumas County Northern California. Plumascounty.org. November 7, 2017.
  29. Web site: Plumas National Forest - Beckwourth Ranger District. Fs.usda.gov. November 7, 2017.
  30. Web site: Plumas National Forest - Mt. Hough Ranger District. Fs.usda.gov. November 7, 2017.
  31. Web site: Plumas National Forest - Feather River Ranger District. Fs.usda.gov. November 7, 2017.
  32. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B02001. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 26, 2013.
  33. California Secretary of State. February 10, 2013 - Report of Registration . Retrieved October 31, 2013.
  34. Percentage of registered voters with respect to total population. Percentages of party members with respect to registered voters follow.
  35. Menendez, Albert J.; The Geography of Presidential Elections in the United States, 1868-2004, pp. 153-155
  36. March 1, 2013.
  37. Web site: Senators . March 10, 2013 . State of California.
  38. Web site: Members Assembly . March 2, 2013 . State of California.
  39. Office of the Attorney General, Department of Justice, State of California. Table 11: Crimes  - 2009 . Retrieved November 14, 2013.
  40. Only larceny-theft cases involving property over $400 in value are reported as property crimes.
  41. Web site: We are closing Plumas News — but Feather Publishing is here to stay . June 29, 2023 .
  42. Web site: America's Byways. Byways.org. November 7, 2017.
  43. Web site: America's Byways. Byways.org. November 7, 2017. September 26, 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20110926092335/http://byways.org/stories/55669. dead.
  44. Web site: America's Byways. Byways.org. November 7, 2017.
  45. Web site: Scenic Byways in Plumas County Northern California. Plumascounty.org. November 7, 2017.
  46. Web site: Census Coverage Measurement. Census.gov. November 7, 2017.
  47. Web site: 2010 Census Interactive Population Search : Greenville Rancheria (Maidu Indians). Census.gov. November 7, 2017.
  48. Web site: 2010 Census Interactive Population Search : Almanor. Census.gov. November 7, 2017.